Das Reichsfinanzministerium im Nationalsozialismus
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Edited by:
Jane Caplan
, Ulrich Herbert , Hans Günter Hockerts , Werner Plumpe , Adam Tooze , Hans-Peter Ullmann and Patrick Wagner
Government financial authorities were major actors in planning, legitimizing, and implementing the economic plunder of Germany’s Jews. How did this large and complex bureaucratic apparatus, with tens of thousands of employees, come to function as a seamless part of Nazi policy that willingly cooperated in the crimes of the Third Reich?
Forced labor in the occupied nations furnished at least a quarter of the resources employed by the Third Reich’s war machine. The Ministry of Finance played a previously underestimated role in this process. Alongside the financial administrators assigned to the conquered territories, the Ministry’s bureaucrats helped direct European fiscal policy. The fruits of their plunder flowed into the German war chest and enabled Hitler to wage his war.
This study examines the role played by the Reich financial administration in the occupation, destruction, and plundering of the Polish state and the exploitation of its inhabitants. During Nazi occupation, previously unimagined assets were expropriated, redistributed, or simply stolen to achieve the goals of Germanization policy and the wartime economy. The tax and customs administrations were actively involved in this system of injustice.
How do states govern in times of crisis and why did a state budget become the "book of fate" for Germany? The history of the Reich Ministry of Finance provides answers to these questions. This volume shows how the desire for reempowerment and leadership in financial politics after 1919 played a role in allowing democratic negotiation to become the exception and dictatorial rule to become the new normal.
The state financial administration was an integral and active component of the National Socialist persecution apparatus. With her study, Josephine Ulbricht is the first to provide an overview of how the Nazis administered the assets of deported Sinti and Roma, expatriated emigrants, Catholic institutions, political opponents, and the insurgents of the Red Orchestra and the 20 July plot.