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Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

Editor-in-Chief: Karl Heinz Hoffmann
Edited by: Efstathios E. Michaelides and J. Miguel Rubi
Founded by: Jürgen U. Keller
Managing Editor: Janett Prehl

Language: English

First published: January 1, 1976

Publication Frequency: 4 issues per year

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About this journal

Call for Papers – Invitation to contribute to JNET

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Objective
The Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics serves as an international publication organ for new ideas, insights and results on non-equilibrium phenomena in science, engineering and related natural systems. The central aim of the journal is to provide a bridge between science and engineering and to promote scientific exchange on a) newly observed non-equilibrium phenomena, b) analytic or numeric modeling for their interpretation, c) vanguard methods to describe non-equilibrium phenomena.

Contributions should – among others – present novel approaches to analyzing, modeling and optimizing processes of engineering relevance such as transport processes of mass, momentum and energy, separation of fluid phases, reproduction of living cells, or energy conversion. The journal is particularly interested in contributions which add to the basic understanding of non-equilibrium phenomena in science and engineering, with systems of interest ranging from the macro- to the nano-level.

The Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics　has recently expanded its scope to place new emphasis on theoretical and experimental investigations of non-equilibrium phenomena in thermophysical, chemical, biochemical and abstract model systems of engineering relevance. We are therefore pleased to invite submissions which present newly observed non-equilibrium phenomena, analytic or fuzzy models for their interpretation, or new methods for their description.

Topics

Top priority:

Soft matter
Biomolecular fluids
Nano-fluids
Fuzzy systems
Soft computing models

and also

Thermodynamics
Non-equilibrium phenomena
Natural systems
Analytic and numeric modeling
Transport processes of mass, momentum and energy
Separation of fluid phases
Reproduction of living cells
Energy conversion

Article formats
Scholarly research papers, invited review articles, educational papers, short communications, and “comment-and-reply-notes” on papers already published

Information on submission process

Your Benefits

Your Benefits

Bridging science and engineering
International editorial board
Theoretical and empirical research

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An air-standard isothermal-heating modified Atkinson-cycle and its performance optimizations with five objectives and NSGA-II

October 27, 2025

Haosheng Feng, Yanlin Ge, Lingen Chen, Huijun Feng

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An endoreversible-model of air-standard modified Atkinson-cycle via isothermal-heat-addition is built in this study, power ( P ), efficiency ( η ), power-density ( P d ), ecological-function ( E ), and efficient-power ( E p ) performances of modified Atkinson-cycle are analyzed and compared firstly. Taking P ̄ $\bar{P}$ , η , P d , E and E ̄ p ${\bar{E}}_{p}$ as objective-functions (OFs), and compression-ratio ( γ ) as optimization variable, the one five-objective optimization, five quadru-objective optimizations, ten tri-objective optimizations, ten bi-objective optimizations and five single-objective optimizations are completed by using NSGA-II furtherly. To find optimal solution, deviation indices ( Ds ) of three decision-making-methods (DMMs) which include Shannon Entropy, LINMAP and TOPSIS are utilized to compare optimization results. Results show that curves P versus η and P d versus η are loop-shaped ones, and curves P versus γ and P d versus γ are parabolic-like ones. With the increases of pre-expansion-ratio ( ρ ) and the maximum-temperature-ratio ( τ ), P d is improved. Modified Atkinson-cycle designed with P d as the OF has smaller size and higher η . Compared with traditional Atkinson-cycle, isothermal heating modified Atkinson-cycle performance is evidently improved, P ̄ $\bar{P}$ , η , E ̄ $\bar{E}$ , P ̄ d ${\bar{P}}_{d}$ , E ̄ p ${\bar{E}}_{p}$ are improved by 30.18 %, 7.31 %, 39.57 %, 32.27 %, 47.60 %, respectively. When optimized with 5, 4, 3, or two objectives, the more the number of objectives is, modified Atkinson-cycle has more reasonable design plan and better trade-off design performance . The major contributions herein are establishment of modified Atkinson-cycle and accomplishment of MOOs for it with five OFs.
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Size scaling effects on heat and particle transport in semiconductor thin films: a near-equilibrium thermodynamic approach

October 14, 2025

Ruth Estephania Gonzalez-Narvaez, Iván Rivera, Víctor Hernández, Aldo Figueroa, Federico Vázquez

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In this work, a theoretical study is carried out on the effects of the thickness of a semiconductor thin film on the transport of heat and particles under the action of an external temperature difference. The dependence of the Seebeck effect on the thickness is considered. The thickness film is introduced through the transport coefficients of the material, namely, the thermal and electrical conductivities and the intrinsic Seebeck coefficient, by resorting to known results of irreversible thermodynamics. Graphs of the generated electric potential difference by an external temperature difference versus film thickness are obtained in the range 0.1 µm–1 µm. We compare the results of two slightly doped materials, namely, silicon and bismuth telluride of the n - and p - types. The n -type silicon shows an optimal thickness where the generated electric potential difference is maximum, while the electric potential difference in the n -type bismuth telluride decreases with decreasing thickness. The electric response of p -type silicon and p -type bismuth telluride also worsens as the thickness decreases. The results presented may be useful in the design of thermoelectric devices on the sub-micrometer length scale.
Open Access
From Langevin dynamics to macroscopic thermodynamic models: a general framework valid far from equilibrium

October 16, 2025

Travis Leadbetter, Prashant K. Purohit, Celia Reina

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Given a particle system obeying overdamped Langevin dynamics, we demonstrate that it is always possible to construct a thermodynamically consistent macroscopic model which obeys a gradient flow with respect to its non-equilibrium free energy. To do so, we significantly extend the recent Stochastic Thermodynamics with Internal Variables (STIV) framework, a method for producing macroscopic thermodynamic models far-from-equilibrium from the underlying mesoscopic dynamics and an approximate probability density of states parameterized with so-called internal variables. Though originally explored for Gaussian probability distributions, we here allow for an arbitrary choice of the approximate probability density while retaining a gradient flow dynamics. This greatly extends its range of applicability and automatically ensures consistency with the second law of thermodynamics, without the need for secondary verification. We demonstrate numerical convergence, in the limit of increasing internal variables, to the true probability density of states for both a multi-modal relaxation problem, a protein diffusing on a strand of DNA, and for an externally driven particle in a periodic landscape. Finally, we provide a reformulation of STIV with the quasi-equilibrium approximations in terms of the averages of observables of the mesostate, and show that these, too, obey a gradient flow.
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Heat sink fin optimization on thermoelectric generator surfaces to improve thermoelectric power generation

October 23, 2025

Yasir Shakir Abdulsattar, Enes Kilinc (Kılınç)

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This study develops a novel thermoelectric generator system to utilize vehicle exhaust gas waste heat and convert it into electrical energy. A three-dimensional thermoelectric generator system with innovative heat sinks on both the hot and cold sides is designed to boost the thermoelectric generator’s output power and conversion efficiency. Three novel heat sink models for both sides of the thermoelectric generator are generated according to the square-pin fin size and the gaps between the fins to investigate the effects of the exhaust gas temperature and its flow rate. According to the findings, the highest temperature difference between both sides of the thermoelectric generator and the highest hot side heat transfer rate are obtained as 185.56 K and 113.69 W for Model C, and the maximum output power reached up to 4.44 W with a conversion efficiency of 3.90 % for the same model. As a result, the net output power is maximized with Model C at 4.07 W concerning the pressure drop and the pumping power. Considering waste heat recovery systems, Model C yields an increase in thermoelectric power generation by 23.3 % from 3.6 W to 4.44 W compared to the systems in the literature.
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Endoreversible description of photothermal Vuilleumier refrigeration machines

November 13, 2025

Eduardo González-Mora, Ram Poudel, María Dolores Durán-García

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Sustainable cooling is critical for climate change mitigation and energy resilience, potentially reducing global greenhouse gas emissions while addressing rising demand for cooling. Solar refrigeration technologies offer alternatives to electricity-intensive refrigeration systems but remain underutilised in industrial applications where thermal energy is required for many manufacturing processes. Specifically, Vuilleumier refrigerators – heat-driven devices with mechanical simplicity – show unexplored potential when powered by concentrated solar energy, as no existing models integrate a solar concentrator with the refrigeration cycle irreversibilities. Here, we develop an endoreversible thermodynamic model of a solar-driven Vuilleumier refrigerator, coupling optical concentration, absorber design, and regeneration effect. Numerical analysis reveals that the coefficient of performance ( β ) exhibits concentration-dependent thresholds ( ξ > 0.18 at 273 K; ξ > 0.11 at 253 K), with asymptotic plateaus at β ≈ 9 and β ≈ 4 respectively. Normalised sensitivity analysis identifies regenerator effectiveness ( ɛ ) as the dominant parameter (12–16 times more influential), compared with the solar-specific parameters. These results resolve a critical gap in solar-thermal refrigeration by demonstrating that regenerator design – not concentrator scaling – limits maximum coefficient of performance. This work provides a thermodynamic blueprint delineating the fundamental performance boundaries of solar-Vuilleumier technology, governed by irreversibility constraints and asymptotic efficiency limits.

Special Issue Articles Devoted to the 15th International Meeting on Thermodiffusion – IMT15 2023; Guest Editors: Diana Dubert, Fina Gavalda and Xavier Ruiz

Issue 3

Issue 2

Special Issue: The 17th Joint European Thermodynamics Conference (JETC 2023); Guest Editors: Vito Antonio Cimmelli and Antonio Sellitto

Special Issue: The 16th Joint European Thermodynamics Conference (JETC 2021)

Special Issue: The 14th Joint European Thermodynamics Conference (JETC 2017)

Special Issue: The International Workshop on Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics IWNET2015, Guest Editors: Markus Hütter and Ger Koper

Issue 1

Special Issue: The 13th Joint European Thermodynamics Conference JETC2015, Guest Editors: Michel Feidt and Daniel Tondeur

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Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics publishes special and thematic issues focussed on important and emerging topics in the field of study. The journal has established a rigorous process to ensure that any special issue manuscripts follow the same high-quality standards and peer review processes as regular manuscripts. For further information on the journal’s peer review policy please see the "Instructions for Authors".

Call for Papers

CFP JNET_2025_KHH_2

Submit Manuscript

Recent Special Issues

Journal Impact Factor	4.2	2024, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2025)
5-year Journal Impact Factor	2.7	2024, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2025)
Journal Citation Indicator	1.05	2024, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2025)
CiteScore	8.5	2024, Scopus (Elsevier B.V., 2025)
SCImago Journal Rank	0.539	2024, SJR (Scimago Lab, 2025; Data Source: Scopus)
Source Normalized Impact per Paper	0.942	2024, CWTS Journal Indicators (CWTS B.V., 2025; Data Source: Scopus)

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Editor-in-Chief
Karl Heinz Hoffmann
TU Chemnitz
Institut für Physik
09107 Chemnitz
eic.jnet@degruyter.com

Editors
Efstathios E. Michaelides, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, U.S.A.
Miguel Rubí, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Assistant Managing Editors
Janett Prehl; Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
ame.jnet@degruyter.com

Editorial Advisory Board
Bjarne Andresen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Viorel Badescu, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Adrian Bejan, Duke University, Durham, U.S.A.
Dieter Brüggemann, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
Rainer Buchholz, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
Vito A. Cimmelli, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
Sebastian Deffner, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, U.S.A.
Friedrich Dinkelacker, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
Duong D. Do, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
K. Glavatskiy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia ,
Jason Green, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, U.S.A.
Manfred Groll, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Joachim Gross, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
David Jou, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
Stephan Kabelac, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
Serafim Kalliadasis, Imperial College London, London, UK
Signe Kjelstrup, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Václav Klika, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Christina Papenfuss, HTW Berlin – Berlin University of Applied Sciences, Berlin Germany
Michal Pavelka, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Liliana Restuccia, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Holger Stark, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Annie Steinchen, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
Simon Stephan, RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
Urs von Stockar, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
Henning Struchtrup, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
Peter Ván, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary
Muhammad H. Zaman, Boston University, Boston, U.S.A.

Honorary Board
Boye Ahlborn, The University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada
Dick Bedeaux, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Ronald Fox, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, U.S.A.
Jürgen U. Keller, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
Natalya Kizilova, Kharkov National University, Kharkov, Ukraine
Wolfgang Kollmann, University of California, Davis, Davis, U.S.A.
Georgy Lebon, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Wolfgang Muschik, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Manuel G. Velarde, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

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Journal information

Additional information

eISSN:

1437-4358

ISSN:

0340-0204

Language:

English

Publisher:

De Gruyter

Additional information

First published:

January 1, 1976

Publication Frequency:

4 issues per year

eISSN: 1437-4358

ISSN: 0340-0204

Audience(s) for this journal

Mechanical, chemical, and biochemical engineers, physicists, chemists and applied mathematicians, as well as computational scientists

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Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

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