University of Pennsylvania Press
Embodying the Soul
About this book
Embodying the Soul explores the possibilities and limitations of human intervention in the body's health across the ninth-century Carolingian Empire. Early medieval medicine has long been cast as a superstitious, degraded remnant of a vigorous, rational Greco-Roman tradition. Against such assumptions, Meg Leja argues that Carolingian scholars engaged in an active debate regarding the value of Hippocratic knowledge, a debate framed by the efforts to define Christian orthodoxy that were central to the reforms of Charlemagne and his successors.
From a subject with pagan origins that had suspicious links with magic, medical knowledge gradually came to be classified as a sacred art. This development coincided with an intensifying belief that body and soul, the two components of individual identity, cultivated virtue not by waging combat against one another but by working together harmoniously. The book demonstrates that new discussions regarding the legitimacy of medical learning and the merits of good health encouraged a style of self-governance that left an enduring mark on medieval conceptions of individual responsibility. The chapters tackle questions about the soul's material occupation of the body, the spiritual meaning of illness, and the difficulty of diagnosing the ills of the internal bodily cavity.
Combating the silence on "dark-age" medicine, Embodying the Soul uncovers new understandings of the physician, the popularity of preventative regimens, and the theological importance attached to dietary regulation and bloodletting. In presenting a cultural history of the body, the book considers a broad range of evidence: theological and pastoral treatises, monastic rules, court poetry, capitularies, hagiographies, biographies, and biblical exegesis. Most important, it offers a dynamic reinterpretation of the large numbers of medical manuscripts that survive from the ninth century but have rarely been the focus of historical study.
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Frontmatter
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CONTENTS
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NOTE ON MANUSCRIPT TRANSCRIPTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS
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INTRODUCTION
1 - PART I An Ever Closer Union
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CHAPTER 1 The Soul “I Take You, Body, to Be My Lawful Partner”
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CHAPTER 2 The Self “To Have and to Hold from This Day Forward, for Better, for Worse”
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CHAPTER 3 The Body “In Sickness and in Health, Until Death Do Us Part”
73 - PART II Medicine for the Body and Soul
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CHAPTER 4 Christianizing Bodily Cures
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CHAPTER 5 A Ministry for the Medicus
133 - PART III Medical Order and Disorder for Self and Society
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CHAPTER 6 A Necessary and Timely Intervention
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CHAPTER 7 Habits for Health
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CONCLUSION
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ABBREVIATIONS
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NOTES
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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INDEX
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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