The Moral Witness

The Moral Witness is the first cultural history of the "witness to genocide" in the West. Carolyn J. Dean shows how the witness became a protagonist of twentieth-century moral culture by tracing the emergence of this figure in courtroom battles from the 1920s to the 1960s—covering the Armenian genocide, the Ukrainian pogroms, the Soviet Gulag, and the trial of Adolf Eichmann. In these trials, witness testimonies differentiated the crime of genocide from war crimes and began to form our understanding of modern political and cultural murder.

By the turn of the twentieth century, the "witness to genocide" became a pervasive icon of suffering humanity and a symbol of western moral conscience. Dean sheds new light on the recent global focus on survivors' trauma. Only by placing the moral witness in a longer historical trajectory, she demonstrates, can we understand how the stories we tell about survivor testimony have shaped both our past and contemporary moral culture.

Carolyn J. Dean is Charles J. Stille Professor of History and French at Yale University. She is a cultural and intellectual historian of Modern Europe and the author of five books, including The Fragility of Empathy after the Holocaust and Aversion and Erasure.

Carolyn Dean's painstakingly researched, rigorously argued reconstruction of the cultural icon of the moral witness exemplifies the ascendant genre of the succinct, historical essay-book.

Carolyn Dean traces the paths by which victims, survivors, and witnesses of mass atrocities moved from the culture's sidelines to its moral center... convincingly show[ing] that the figure of the witness has become the barometer of moral consciousness across the West.... [Its] global lens and longue durée perspective have considerable value.

Dean has provided a sophisticated and nuanced analysis of the emergence of "the witness" as a moral symbol and pervasive icon of suffering and surviving genocide and mass atrocities.... The book will be valuable to students and scholars who study genocide, testimony, victimhood, and social and cultural trauma in the aftermath of mass atrocities.