7. Ignominy and Defeat – The Roman Army’s Darkest Days

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents ix
3. Maps and plans xi
4. Foreword xv
5. 1. Introduction – The Army of the Emperors 1
6. 2. Strength and Honour – Signing on in Caesar’s Army 31
7. 3. Gloria Exercitus – Making Soldiers 64
8. 4. Gold and Silver – Pay, Handouts and Bequests 93
9. 5. A Soldier’s Life – Garrisoning the Empire 107
10. 6. Living Off the Land – The Roman Army and the Environment 123
11. 7. Ignominy and Defeat – The Roman Army’s Darkest Days 140
12. 8. I Came, I Saw, I Conquered – The Roman War Machine Victorious 170
13. 9. Living by the Sword – Violence and Atrocities 207
14. 10. Quinqueremes and Triremes – The Roman Army at Sea 230
15. 11. Mutineers and Rebels – King-Makers for Sale 248
16. 12. Peacetime Duties – Jacks-of-all-Trades 269
17. 13. Leisure and Leave – Hunting Wild Boar and other Diversions 296
18. 14. Wives and Lovers – Family Life on the Frontier 316
19. 15. Veterans – The Emperor’s Die-Hards 347
20. 16. Jupiter’s Men – Religion and Superstition 369
21. Epilogue 392
22. Rome’s Principal Wars 405
23. Emperors from Augustus to Valentinian I and Valens 408
24. Tacitus and Dio on the Size of the Army 411
25. Roman Names 417
26. Glossary of Terms 419
27. Notes 429
28. Abbreviations and Bibliography 467
29. List of Illustrations 481
30. Acknowledgements 486
31. Index 489