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American Guides
The Federal Writers’ Project and the Casting of American Culture
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Wendy Griswold
Language:
English
Published/Copyright:
2016
About this book
In the midst of the Great Depression, Americans were nearly universally literate—and they were hungry for the written word. Magazines, novels, and newspapers littered the floors of parlors and tenements alike. With an eye to this market and as a response to devastating unemployment, Roosevelt’s Works Progress Administration created the Federal Writers’ Project. The Project’s mission was simple: jobs. But, as Wendy Griswold shows in the lively and persuasive American Guides, the Project had a profound—and unintended—cultural impact that went far beyond the writers’ paychecks.
Griswold’s subject here is the Project’s American Guides, an impressively produced series that set out not only to direct travelers on which routes to take and what to see throughout the country, but also to celebrate the distinctive characteristics of each individual state. Griswold finds that the series unintentionally diversified American literary culture’s cast of characters—promoting women, minority, and rural writers—while it also institutionalized the innovative idea that American culture comes in state-shaped boxes. Griswold’s story alters our customary ideas about cultural change as a gradual process, revealing how diversity is often the result of politically strategic decisions and bureaucratic logic, as well as of the conflicts between snobbish metropolitan intellectuals and stubborn locals. American Guides reveals the significance of cultural federalism and the indelible impact that the Federal Writers’ Project continues to have on the American literary landscape.
Griswold’s subject here is the Project’s American Guides, an impressively produced series that set out not only to direct travelers on which routes to take and what to see throughout the country, but also to celebrate the distinctive characteristics of each individual state. Griswold finds that the series unintentionally diversified American literary culture’s cast of characters—promoting women, minority, and rural writers—while it also institutionalized the innovative idea that American culture comes in state-shaped boxes. Griswold’s story alters our customary ideas about cultural change as a gradual process, revealing how diversity is often the result of politically strategic decisions and bureaucratic logic, as well as of the conflicts between snobbish metropolitan intellectuals and stubborn locals. American Guides reveals the significance of cultural federalism and the indelible impact that the Federal Writers’ Project continues to have on the American literary landscape.
Author / Editor information
Wendy Griswold is professor of sociology and Bergen Evans Professor in the Humanities at Northwestern University. American Guides is the second volume of a trilogy on culture and place; the first volume was Regionalism and the Reading Class, also published by the University of Chicago Press.
Reviews
“American Guides is a fascinating, wonderfully intricate tale of the politics of the New Deal, of the odd and interesting state of American authors and their organizations, of the people panicked at left-wing subversion, and much more. Throughout, Griswold brilliantly analyzes the casting of American culture and illuminates the major ways that cultural change happens—because of institutional imperatives with almost entirely unintended cultural effects.”
— Elizabeth Long, Rice University“An inspired book. Griswold ingeniously marshals the evidence and constructs a persuasive argument for the significance of the American Guides series. Along the way, she advances an intriguing sociological model of cultural production, placing new emphasis on the ad hoc and the accidental, and allowing for the unintentional invention of cultural ‘molds’ prior to the emergence of cultural and ideological content to fill them. American Guides will find readers across a range of disciplines, including sociology, literature, and U.S. history.”
— James F. English, University of Pennsylvania“In this superb study, Griswold examines one of the most fascinating cultural projects of the twentieth century—the American Guide books that emerged from the Federal Writers’ Project in the 1930s. In so doing, she lays bare the forces that shaped American culture and society at a decisive moment in American history. By ‘casting culture’ in ‘state-shaped molds,’ the guide books and their extraordinary authors redefined and invigorated American culture in lasting ways. As Griswold demonstrates so brilliantly, the writers and their guides captured the nation’s diversity in fresh ways and in so doing introduced Americans to their own country.”
— Ellen Fitzpatrick, University of New Hampshire“Griswold’s ‘casting’ explanation of the Guides project is compelling and forceful. . . . American Guides interweaves empirical research and deft analysis, fact and creativity, and provides us a brand new way to see the United States.”
— Los Angeles Review of Books“Depression-era New Deal agencies are often forgotten by students, as well as by some historians. Sociologist Griswold, however, researched one agency of the Works Progress Administration’s Federal Writers' Project that gave unemployed individuals work writing state guides for those who could take to the highways to tour some of the various states’ attractions. Recommended.”
— Choice“American Guides offers a richly detailed, rigorous, and sophisticated account of cultural production in keeping with Griswold’s previous work. It will be of interest to sociologists generally and especially to sociologists of culture and scholars working on the history of the book, material culture, mobility, leisure, elites, regionalism, and nationalism.”
— American Journal of SociologyTopics
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Frontmatter
i -
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Contents
vii -
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List of Tables and Illustrations
ix -
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Preface
xiii -
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Introduction: Casting Culture
1 - PART ONE Jobs for Writers
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1 Putting People to Work
15 -
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2 Keeping Writers out of Trouble
34 - PART TWO Guides for Travelers
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3 Guiding Travelers
55 -
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4 Seeing America
73 - PART THREE Cultural Federalism
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5 Negotiating Federalism
91 -
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6 Describing America
121 - PART FOUR Readers and Authors
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7 Guiding Readers
149 -
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8 Choosing Authors
172 - PART FIVE Casting Culture
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9 Defining Literature
207 -
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10 Using Books
226 -
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Conclusion
252 -
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Appendix A: Organizations and Acronyms
265 -
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Appendix B: Key Dates for the Federal Writers’ Project, New Deal Relief Programs, and American Travel
267 -
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Appendix C: New York State’s Directors
271 -
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Appendix D: Contents of the 48 State Guides
275 -
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Appendix E: Authors
279 -
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Appendix F: Comparison of Canon Definers Pattee, Parrington, Spiller, Baym (Norton), and American Guides
293 -
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Appendix G: US Census Regions and Divisions
331 -
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References
333 -
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Author Index
345 -
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State Index
347 -
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Subject Index
351
Publishing information
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
eBook published on:
December 16, 2020
eBook ISBN:
9780226357973
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
eBook ISBN:
9780226357973
Keywords for this book
sociology; great depression; literacy; magazines; newspapers; unemployment; works progress administration; president roosevelt; fdr; federal writers project; jobs; employment; economics; economy; 20th century; us history; united states; cultural impact; american guides; travel writing; travelling; social change; politics; culture; federalism; diversity; bureaucratic logic; politically strategic decisions; regionalism; intellectual life; civilization
Audience(s) for this book
For an expert adult audience, including professional development and academic research
