3 Colonization, Territorialization and Displacement in Ottoman Migration Policy, 1856–1918
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Ella Fratantuono
Abstract
This chapter considers the themes of expulsion and colonization within the Ottoman immigration story. The Ottoman Empire does not figure prominently in histories of empire and colonization, yet it offers a specific context to pose questions about forced migrants as tools in empire-building. The empire’s tenuous sovereignty in the 19th and early 20th centuries influenced patterns of inclusion and exclusion and affected how the state used migrants in its state-building efforts over time. The chapter concludes by considering what, if anything, is relevant in the Ottoman colonization story to Turkey’s treatment of Syrian refugees in the 21st century. In keeping with the insights of this volume, the chapter suggests that historicizing the present reveals patterns of exclusion, assimilation, and expulsion across regimes and through time.
Abstract
This chapter considers the themes of expulsion and colonization within the Ottoman immigration story. The Ottoman Empire does not figure prominently in histories of empire and colonization, yet it offers a specific context to pose questions about forced migrants as tools in empire-building. The empire’s tenuous sovereignty in the 19th and early 20th centuries influenced patterns of inclusion and exclusion and affected how the state used migrants in its state-building efforts over time. The chapter concludes by considering what, if anything, is relevant in the Ottoman colonization story to Turkey’s treatment of Syrian refugees in the 21st century. In keeping with the insights of this volume, the chapter suggests that historicizing the present reveals patterns of exclusion, assimilation, and expulsion across regimes and through time.
Chapters in this book
- Front Matter i
- Contents v
- Notes on Authors vii
- Acknowledgements xii
- Series Preface xiv
- Introduction 1
- Slave Trade Refugees and Imperial Agendas: The Resettlement of ‘Liberated Africans’ into British West Indian Regiments and Liberian Militias, 1808–60 28
- Colonization, Territorialization and Displacement in Ottoman Migration Policy, 1856–1918 46
- Situating the Coloniality of Encampment and Deportation as a Mode of Mobility Governance: Insights from Ceuta and Melilla, Mayotte and Tanzania 61
- Colonial Continuities and the Commodification of Mobility Policing: French Civipol in West Africa 76
- Displaced, Profiled, Protected? Humanitarian Surveillance and New Approaches to Refugee Protection 93
- Of the Mobile and the Immobilized: COVID-19 and the Uneven Geographies of Disease Transmission 109
- The Long-term Influence of a Short-lived Colony: Postcoloniality and Geopolitics of Energy and Migration Control in Libya 125
- Echoes of Imperialism: Crisis, Conflict and the (Re)configurations of Otherness in the Evros/Edirne Borderlands 144
- The Practice of ‘Sanctuary’ and Refugee Protection in India 161
- Refugees and Political Theorists: The Problem of Complicity 176
- Singing Historical Reparations: Alabaoras Challenging the Spectacle of Forgiveness in Communities Affected by Deracination in Colombia 192
- The Subaltern Can Speak: The Mobility Strategies of Forced Migrants in Kenya’s Kalobeyei Integrated Settlement 209
- Conclusion: Postcoloniality and Forced Migration 223
- Index 237
Chapters in this book
- Front Matter i
- Contents v
- Notes on Authors vii
- Acknowledgements xii
- Series Preface xiv
- Introduction 1
- Slave Trade Refugees and Imperial Agendas: The Resettlement of ‘Liberated Africans’ into British West Indian Regiments and Liberian Militias, 1808–60 28
- Colonization, Territorialization and Displacement in Ottoman Migration Policy, 1856–1918 46
- Situating the Coloniality of Encampment and Deportation as a Mode of Mobility Governance: Insights from Ceuta and Melilla, Mayotte and Tanzania 61
- Colonial Continuities and the Commodification of Mobility Policing: French Civipol in West Africa 76
- Displaced, Profiled, Protected? Humanitarian Surveillance and New Approaches to Refugee Protection 93
- Of the Mobile and the Immobilized: COVID-19 and the Uneven Geographies of Disease Transmission 109
- The Long-term Influence of a Short-lived Colony: Postcoloniality and Geopolitics of Energy and Migration Control in Libya 125
- Echoes of Imperialism: Crisis, Conflict and the (Re)configurations of Otherness in the Evros/Edirne Borderlands 144
- The Practice of ‘Sanctuary’ and Refugee Protection in India 161
- Refugees and Political Theorists: The Problem of Complicity 176
- Singing Historical Reparations: Alabaoras Challenging the Spectacle of Forgiveness in Communities Affected by Deracination in Colombia 192
- The Subaltern Can Speak: The Mobility Strategies of Forced Migrants in Kenya’s Kalobeyei Integrated Settlement 209
- Conclusion: Postcoloniality and Forced Migration 223
- Index 237
