Section 21. Modern Texts versus Ancient Texts

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Preface vii
3. Contents ix
4. Foreword xi
5. Introduction xxiii
6. Translation
7. Foreword 11
8. Author’s First Preface 14
9. Author’s Second Preface 16
10. PART I. The Early Ch’ing Period: The School of “Practical Statesmanship” and Other Trends
11. Section 1. Introduction 19
12. Section 2. General Setting 21
13. Section 3. Reaction to Sung-Ming Neo-Confucianism 27
14. Section 4. Ku Yen-wu (1613–1682) 29
15. Section 5. Yen Jo-chü (1636–1704) and Hu Wei (1633–1714) 32
16. Section 6. Huang Tsung-hsi (1610–1695) and Wang Fu-chih (1619–1692) 36
17. Section 7. Yen Yuan (1635–1704) 40
18. Section 8. Met Wen-ting (1632–1721), Ku Tsu-yü (1631–1692), and Liu Hsien-t’ing (1648–1695) 42
19. Section 9. Summary 45
20. PART II. The Middle Ch’iiig Period: The Dominance of the School of Empirical Research; The Beginnings of Reaction
21. Section 10. Hui Tung [1697–1758] 51
22. Section 11. Tai Chen [1724–1777] 54
23. Section 12. Tuan Yü-ts’ai [1735–1815], Wang Nien-sun [1744–1832], and Wang Yin-chih [1766–1834] 63
24. Section 13. Summary 67
25. Section 17. Notation-Book and Literary Style 69
26. Section 18. General Encouragement of Scholarship in the Society 73
27. Section 19. The Ancient-Style Writers: The T’ung-ch’eng School and the Tang-hu School 75
28. PART III. The Late Ch’ing Period: The Modern Text School and Other New Trends
29. Section 20. Division in the Ch’ing School of Learning 83
30. Section 21. Modern Texts versus Ancient Texts 85
31. Section 22. The Kung-yang Commentary 88
32. Section 23. K’ang Yu-wei [1858-1927] 91
33. Section 24. K’ang's Ta- t’ung shu 95
34. Section 25. Liang Ch’i-ch’ao [1873–1929] 98
35. Section 26. Contrast between K’ang and Liang 102
36. Section 27. Tan Ssu-t’ung [1866–1898] 107
37. Section 28. Chang Ping-lin [1868–1936] 111
38. Section 29. Translation of Western Works and the “Scholars of New Learning” 112
39. Section 30. Buddhism in the Late Ch’ing 115
40. Section 31. Ch’ing Arts and Literature 118
41. Section 32. An Evaluation of Ch’ing Scholarship 120
42. Section 33. General Conclusion 122
43. NOTES. INDEX
44. Notes 129
45. Index 143
46. REFERENCE MATTER, BIBLIOGRAPHY, GLOSSARY
47. BIBLIOGRAPHY 151
48. GLOSSARY 189