3. THE EAST BEFORE THE CRUSADERS’ ARRIVAL

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
3. INTRODUCTION 7
4. 1. MODERN SCHOLARS ON THE CRUSADES 11
5. 2. ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY: JIHAD AND HOLY WAR 33
6. 3. THE EAST BEFORE THE CRUSADERS’ ARRIVAL 55
7. 4. POPE URBAN II AND THE START OF THE CRUSADES 97
8. 5. PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOLY LAND 131
9. 6. THE RECONQUEST OF SPAIN 165
10. 7. THE CONQUEST OF SICILY 205
11. 8. FALSE START: THE PEASANTS’ CRUSADE 243
12. 9. THE SEIGNEURIAL CRUSADE 269
13. 10. THE CRUSADERS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE 299
14. 11. ANTIOCH 341
15. 12. THE HOLY LANCE AND THE MARCH TO JERUSALEM 381
16. 13. JERUSALEM: CONQUEST AND CONFLICT 429
17. 14. THE FRANKS AS RULERS 477
18. 15. THE RISE OF THE ZANGIDS AND THE FALL OF EDESSA 533
19. 16. THE SECOND CRUSADE (1146–1148) 575
20. 17. THE EXPEDITION TO THE EAST OF KINGS CONRAD III AND LOUIS VII: FAILURE AND CONSEQUENCES 619
21. 18. THE FRANKS AND THE SYRIAN CHRISTIANS 657
22. 19. THE CHRISTIANS UNDER TURKISH RULE 681
23. 20. THE RISE OF SALAH AL-DIN AL-AYYUBI (SALADIN) 713
24. 21. CONQUEST AND CONSOLIDATION 741
25. 22. SALADIN UNITES THE MUSLIMS 785
26. 23. MUSLIM VICTORY: THE BATTLE OF HITTIN 813
27. 24. THE AFTERMATH OF HITTIN 855
28. 25. SALADIN’S MARCH ON JERUSALEM 883
29. 26. THE SIEGE OF ACRE 909
30. 27. THE ORIGIN OF THE THIRD CRUSADE 935
31. 28. A NEW CAMPAIGN: PHILIP II AUGUSTUS AND RICHARD THE LION-HEART 961
32. 29. RICHARD, SALADIN, AND THE MARQUIS 999
33. 30. RICHARD AND SALADIN: THE LAST CAMPAIGN 1043
34. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1093
35. INDEX 1139