Synthesis and Properties of Dioctyl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonate Gemini Surfactant

Tiliu Jiao; Xiaochen Liu; Xiaoyu Wang; Jinping Niu

doi:10.3139/113.110443

Article

Synthesis and Properties of Dioctyl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonate Gemini Surfactant

Tiliu Jiao , Xiaochen Liu , Xiaoyu Wang and Jinping Niu

Published/Copyright: July 9, 2016

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From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 53 Issue 4

Abstract

The surfactants dioctyl diphenyl ether disulfonate gemini (C₈-DADS) and monohexadecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate (C₁₆-MADS) were synthesized by Friedel-Crafts alkylation, followed by sulfonation and neutralization. Sulfated zirconia was prepared by the impregnation method and used to catalyze the alkylation reaction. Equilibrium surface tension measurements show that C₈-DADS has a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at CMC (γ_cmc) and minimum area per molecule (A_min), higher efficiency of adsorption at the surface (pC₂₀) than C₁₆-MADS, implying that C₈-DADS has a higher surface activity. The emulsifying ability of C₈-DADS is better than that of C₁₆-MADS. The salinity and hardness tolerance property of C₁₆-MADS is superior to that of C₈-DADS.

Kurzfassung

Die Gemini-Tenside Dioctyldiphenyletherdisulfonat (C₈-DADS) und Monohexadecyldiphenyletherdisulfonat (C₁₆-MADS) wurden mittels Friedel-Crafts-Alkylierung und anschließender Sulfonierung und Neutralisation synthetisiert. Im Imprägnierverfahren hergestelltes sulfatiertes Zirkoniumdioxid wurde für die Alkylierungsreaktion als Katalysator verwendet. Messungen der Gleichgewichtsoberflächenspannung zeigten, dass C₈-DADS eine geringere kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration (CMC), eine kleinere Grenzflächenspannung an der CMC (γ_CMC), einen geringeren minimalen Platzbedarf pro Molekül (A_min) und eine höhere Adsorption an der Oberfläche (pC₂₀) hat als C₁₆-MADS. Das bedeutet, dass die Oberflächenaktivität von C₈-DADS höher ist. Die Emulgierfähigkeit von C₈-DADS ist besser als die des C₁₆-MADS. Die Salz- und Härtetoleranz von C₁₆-MADS ist dagegen der des C₈-DADS überlegen.

Key words: Gemini surfactants; Surface properties; Dynamic surface tension; Emulsification; Salinity and hardness tolerance

Stichwörter: Gemini-Tenside; Oberflächeneigenschaften; dynamische Oberflächenspannung; Emulsionsbildung; Salztoleranz; Härtetoleranz

*Correspondence address, Mrs. Jinping Niu, China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, P.R. China, Tel.: 0086-351-4192878, Fax: 0086-351-4040802, E-Mail: njp6611@163.com

Tiliu Jiao was born 1989. He is a postgraduate student at the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry. His research interest is synthesis and application of gemini surfactants.

Xiaochen Liu was born 1985. He is an engineer of China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry. His research interest is synthesis and application of surfactants for enhanced oil recovery.

Jinping Niu was born in 1966. Her research interest is sulfonation of organic materials and application of surfactants.

Xiaoyu Wang was born in 1986. Her research interest is synthesis and application of surfactants.

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Received: 2015-08-04

Accepted: 2015-11-03

Published Online: 2016-07-09

Published in Print: 2016-07-15

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https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110443

Keywords for this article

Gemini surfactants; Surface properties; Dynamic surface tension; Emulsification; Salinity and hardness tolerance