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Synergistic Effect of Cationic-Nonionic Surfactants on Simultaneous Separation of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine

  • A. Mohammad and N. Haq
Published/Copyright: April 5, 2013
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 47 Issue 4

Abstract

A new thin layer chromatographic system comprising of silica gel impregnated with 0.1% aqueous solution (below CMC) of nonionic surfactant Brij-35 as stationary phase and 0.1% aqueous solution (below CMC) of cationic surfactant (cetrimide) as eluent has been found most suitable for the separation of closely related amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine) from their mixture. Effect of substitution of Brij-35 by cetrimide and sodium cholate has been examined to assess the impact of charge of impregnant on the chromatographic behavior of analytes. The changes brought about by the impregnation in the structure and homogeneity of silica gel have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Optimizations of concentration of Brij-35 and cetrimide in the stationary and mobile phases respectively and the effect of bed height on the separation have also been examined. Chromatographic parameters like ΔRF, separation factor (α) and resolution (RS) were calculated for the separation of tyrosine from phenylalanine and separation mechanism have been proposed. The limits of detection for phenylalanine and tyrosine were found to be 0.25 and 0.23 μg respectively. The proposed method studied is simple, rapid and free from the use of volatile organic solvents.

Kurzfassung

Eine neue dünnschichtchromatographische Methode wurde zur Trennung sehr ähnlicher Aminosäuren (Phenylalanin und Tyrosin) aus ihren Mischungen entwickelt. Bei der stationären Phase handelt es sich um Kieselgel, das mit einer 0,1%igen wässrigen Lösung des nichtionischen Tensids Brij-35 (unterhalb der CMC) imprägniert wurde, bei dem Eluenten handelt es sich um eine 0,1%ige wässrige Lösung eines kationischen Tensids (Cetrimid). Die Wirkung der Substitution von Brij-35 durch Cetrimid und Natriumchlolat wurde untersucht, um den Einfluss der Ladung des Imprägniermittels auf das chromatographische Verhalten der Analyte zu bestimmen. Die durch die Imprägnierung verursachten Änderungen in der Struktur und der Homogenität des Kieselgels wurde mit Hilfe des Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (SEM) und der Fourier-Transform-Infrarot-Spektroskopie (FTIR) studiert. Eine Optimierung der Brij-35- und der Cetrimidkonzentration in der stationären und der mobilen Phase sowie der Effekt auf die Plattenhöhe bei der Trennung wurden ebenfalls untersucht. Chromatographische Parameter wie ΔRF, Trennfaktor (α) und Auflösung (RS) wurden für die Trennung von Tyrosin von Phenylalanin berechnet und ein Trennmechanismus wurde vorgeschlagen. Die Detektionsgrenzen von Phenylalanin und Tyrosin betrugen 0,25 bzw. 0,23 μg. Die vorgeschlagene Methode ist einfach, schnell und benötigt keine flüchtigen organischen Lösemittel.

Key words:: Separation; Surfactants; Impregnation; Amino Acids; Thin layer chromatography
Stichwörter:: Auflösung; Tenside; Imprägnierung; Aminosäuren; Dünnschichtchromatographie
∗ Dr. Ali Mohamed, Aligarh Muslim University, Applied Chemistry, Z. H. Engg. College, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India, Tel.: +91 571 27000920 extn. 30 02. E-mail:

Ali Mohammad is Senior Faculty in the Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. His scientific interests include physicoanalytical aspects of solid state reactions, micellar thin layer chromatography and surfactants analysis. He has supervised 30 students for Ph.D./M.Phil degrees. He is author or coauthor of over 175 scientific papers and book chapters in the area of chromatography. He has authored (and then updated) the Chapter on “TLC of Inorganics and Organometallics” for all three editions of the Handbook of Thin-Layer Chromatography edited by Professor J. Sherma and B. Fried (published by Marcel Dekker).

Dr. Mohammad is serving as editor of Journal, Chemical and Environmental Research being published from India since 1992, covering all aspects of Environmental Sciences. He is also the Associate Editor for Analytical Chemistry section of Journal of Indian Chemical Society. He is currently serving on the editorial boards of Acta Chromatographica, Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis Seria F. Chemia and Annals of Agrarian Science. Dr. Mohammad obtained his M.Phil (1975), Ph.D. (1978) and D.Sc. (1996) degrees from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.

Nazrul Haq is a research scholar pursuing his Ph.D (Applied chemistry) under the supervision of Prof. Ali Mohammad, in the department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. His area of interest is the development of environmental friendly solvent systems for chromatography. After completing his Masters (with specialization in Analytical Chemistry) and Bachelors in Science from University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India in 2005 and 2003, respectively, he obtained his M.Phil (App. Chem.) from A.M.U., Aligarh in2007. He has to his credit three research papers published in reputed international journals.

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Received: 2009-02-19
Published Online: 2013-04-05
Published in Print: 2010-07-01

© 2010, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

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https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110075
Keywords for this article
Separation; Surfactants; Impregnation; Amino Acids; Thin layer chromatography

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Analysis
  6. Fragmentation Mechanism of Alkyl-monoglycosides by Mass Spectrometry
  7. Environmental
  8. Concentrations of Endocrine Disrupting Alkylphenols and Their Mono- and Diethoxylates in Sediments and Water from Artificial Lake Malta in Poland
  9. Synthesis
  10. Synthesis of 1,1,1-Triethoxycarbonyl-3-[2-(F-alkyl)-ethyl]propanes and 1,1,q,q-Tetraalkoxycarbonyl-1,q-di-[2-(F-alkyl)-ethyl]alcanes as Precursors of Anionic Surfactants
  11. Synthesis and Properties of Di-n-hexadecyl-α,ω-Alkyl Bisphosphate Surfactants
  12. Novel Surfactants
  13. Study of Glycerol and Sweet Water as a Carbon Source for Production of Rhamnolipids by Naturally Occurring Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145 and ATCC 9027)
  14. Study on the Synthesis and Surface Activities of Novel Alkyl Sulfonate Gemini Surfactants
  15. Physical Chemistry
  16. Synergistic Effect of Cationic-Nonionic Surfactants on Simultaneous Separation of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine
  17. Thermodynamics of Micellization and Conductance Behavior of Uranyl Soap Solutions
  18. The Micelle-to-Vesicle Phase Transition in Dilute Aqueous Solution from Undecylamine Induced by Metal(II) ion (Cu2+)
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