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Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of spinels from the San Carlos Volcanic Field, Arizona: Spinel as a geothermometer

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Published/Copyright: March 28, 2015
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 90 Issue 11-12

Abstract

Fourteen spinels from two types of mantle xenoliths from the San Carlos Volcanic Field in Arizona were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis. The dominant feature seen in the chemistry of spinels from the Group I xenoliths is the extensive substitution of Cr for Al (Cr0.20Al1.76 to Cr0.83Al1.10) correlated with Mg for Fe2+ (Mg0.69Fe2+ 0.31 to Mg0.80Fe2+0.19). Although Group II spinels display consistently low Cr values, they also show a well-correlated substitution of Mg for Fe2+ (Mg0.63Fe2+ 0.37 to Mg0.69Fe2+0.31). Unit-cell parameters for spinels from the Group I xenoliths range from 8.1259 to 8.2167 Å, while those from the Group II xenoliths range from 8.1247 to 8.1569 Å. The cell parameters are linearly correlated with Fe2+ and Cr contents. Cation distributions were determined from experimental bond lengths and refined site occupancies using the algorithm of Lavina et al. (2002). The San Carlos spinels display variable degrees of order, with inversion parameters ranging from 0.10 to 0.16 for Group I and from 0.17 to 0.22 for Group II. Closure temperatures were computed with the Princivalle equation, giving averages of 808(37) °C for spinels from Group I xenoliths and 822(62) °C for samples from Group II xenoliths. We show that these results are reasonable, and thus extend the use of the Princivalle equation, or at least its functional form, to samples with significant Cr and Fe2+ contents. This study demonstrates that, in spite of the extensive chemical variability of the San Carlos spinels, and given that the origins of the two groups of xenoliths are different, the oxygen coordinates remain fixed, suggesting that the oxygen coordinate is a function of thermal history.

Received: 2004-8-24
Accepted: 2005-2-22
Published Online: 2015-3-28
Published in Print: 2005-11-1

© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1795

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Electronic article. Getting the inside story: using computed X-ray tomography to study inclusion trails in garnet porphyroblasts
  2. Structure of framboidal pyrite: An electron backscatter diffraction study
  3. The mineralogical microstructure of shells: PART 2.1 The iridescence colors of abalone shells
  4. Electron probe (Ultrachron) microchronometry of metamorphic monazite: Unraveling the timing of polyphase thermotectonism in the easternmost Wyoming Craton (Black Hills, South Dakota)
  5. New mineral occurrences and mineralization processes: Wuda coal-fire gas vents of Inner Mongolia
  6. Synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis of natural diamonds: First steps in identification of mineral inclusions in situ
  7. Speciation and distribution of sulfur in a mollusk shell as revealed by in situ maps using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the S K-edge
  8. Experimental study on diamond dissolution in kimberlitic and lamproitic melts at 1300-1420 °C and 1 GPa with controlled oxygen partial pressure
  9. Validation of LA-ICP-MS fluid inclusion analysis with synthetic fluid inclusions
  10. Etch pit coalescence, surface area, and overall mineral dissolution rates
  11. Crystal chemistry of the elbaite-schorl series
  12. Morphology of nanomagnetite crystals: Implications for formation conditions
  13. Fragmentation phenomena in populations of magmatic crystals
  14. Kinetics of Fe2+-Mg order-disorder in P21/c pigeonite
  15. First-principles studies on the elastic constants of a 1:1 layered kaolinite mineral
  16. Quantum mechanical calculations of trans-vacant and cis-vacant polymorphism in dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates
  17. The stability and Raman spectra of ikaite, CaCO3·6H2O, at high pressure and temperature
  18. Model pyroxenes III: Volume of C2/c pyroxenes at mantle P, T, and x
  19. The kinetics and mechanisms of goethite and hematite crystallization under alkaline conditions, and in the presence of phosphate
  20. High-resolution 17O MAS NMR spectroscopy of forsterite (α-Mg2SiO4), wadsleyite (β-Mg2SiO4), and ringwoodite (γ-Mg2SiO4)
  21. Comparative study of equilibrated and unequilibrated eucrites: Subsolidus thermal histories of Haraiya and Pasamonte
  22. Origin and internal evolution of the Li-F-Be-B-P-bearing Pinilla de Fermoselle pegmatite (Central Iberian Zone, Zamora, Spain)
  23. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of spinels from the San Carlos Volcanic Field, Arizona: Spinel as a geothermometer
  24. Letter. Direct observations of pseudomorphism: compositional and textural evolution at a fluid- solid interface
  25. Letter. Carbon oxides in cordierite channels: Determination of CO2 isotopic species and CO by single crystal IR spectroscopy
  26. Comment on Melluso et al. (2003) Reported data and interpretation of some wollastonite- and melilite-bearing rocks from the Central Apennines of Italy
  27. Reply to stoppa et.al. 2005. Wollastonite- anorthite- gehlenite-, and fassaite-bearing rocks: Igneous petrological oddity or paralavas?
  28. Comment on Melluso et.al. (2003). The Ricetto and Colle Fabbri wollastonite and melilite-bearing rocks of the central Apennines, Italy
  29. Reply to Capitanio 2005. Mineralogic and bulk rock composition of Italian wollastonite- and melilite-bearing paralava and clinker: Further evidence of their pyrometamorphic nature
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