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Br diffusion in phonolitic melts: Comparison with fluorine and chlorine diffusion

  • Hélène Balcone-Boissard ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Don R. Baker , Benoit Villemant , Jean Cauzid , Georges Boudon and E. Deloule
Published/Copyright: October 28, 2020
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 105 Issue 11

Abstract

Bromine diffusion was measured in two natural phonolitic melts: (1) a K2O-rich (~10 wt%) one synthesized from the white pumice phase of the 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius (Italy), and (2) a Na2O-rich (~10 wt%) one corresponding to the most differentiated melt of the 12 000 BC eruption of the Laacher See (Germany). Experiments were performed at 0.5 and 1.0 GPa, 1250 to 1450 °C, at anhydrous and hydrous (2.65 ± 0.35 wt% of dissolved water) conditions. Experiments conducted with the diffusion-couple technique in the piston cylinder were performed with only bromine diffusing and with the simultaneous diffusion of a halogen mixture (F, Cl, Br) to evaluate the interactions between the halogens during diffusion. The diffusion profiles of Br were measured by X-ray fluorescence using synchrotron radiation microprobe (SYXRF), ID18F, at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF, France). Bromine diffusion displays Arrhenian behavior under anhydrous conditions that is similar when it diffuses alone and when it diffuses with F and Cl. The Br diffusion coefficients range between 2 × 10–12 m2/s at 1250 °C and 1.5 × 10–11 m2/s at 1450 °C for the Na-rich melt and between 3 × 10–12 m2/s at 1250 °C and 2.5 × 10–11 m2/s at 1450 °C for the K-rich melt, at 1.0 GPa. Although Br mobility is independent of F and Cl in anhydrous phonolitic melts, its behavior may be dependent on the dominant alkali in the melt, as previously observed for Cl, but not F. For hydrous experiments, although the data are scattered, the Br diffusivity increases slightly with water and the Na/K ratio seems to influence Br diffusivity. Similarly to noble gases, halogen diffusivity at a given temperature in the phonolitic melts appears related to the ionic porosity of the silicate structure. Compared to basaltic melt, Br diffusivities are approximately one order of magnitude lower in the Na-phonolite melt, because of the difference of the pre-exponential factor. Br mobility appears to be decoupled from melt viscosity, considering the results here.

Keywords: Bromine; phonolite; diffusivity; ionic porosity; alkali; Halogens in Planetary Systems

† Special collection papers can be found online at http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/special-collections.html

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to G. Wörner for providing the Laacher See starting material, Lang Shi for microprobe measurements in Montreal and M. Fialin and F. Couffignal in Paris. R. Kalsi is thanked for writing the computer program to reduce the data and calculate the diffusion coefficient.

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Received: 2019-11-19
Accepted: 2020-04-25
Published Online: 2020-10-28
Published in Print: 2020-11-25

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7372
Keywords for this article
Bromine; phonolite; diffusivity; ionic porosity; alkali; Halogens in Planetary Systems

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Parageneses of TiB2 in corundum xenoliths from Mt. Carmel, Israel: Siderophile behavior of boron under reducing conditions
  2. Crystal structure and Raman spectroscopic studies of OH stretching vibrations in Zn-rich fluor-elbaite
  3. Crystal structure of Ag-exchanged levyne intergrown with erionite: Single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Molecular Dynamics simulations
  4. Br diffusion in phonolitic melts: Comparison with fluorine and chlorine diffusion
  5. Crystal chemistry and microfeatures of gadolinite imprinted by pegmatite formation and alteration evolution
  6. A new occurrence of corundum in eucrite and its significance
  7. Zircon survival in shallow asthenosphere and deep lithosphere
  8. Reconsidering initial Pb in titanite in the context of in situ dating
  9. Solubility of Na2SO4 in silica-saturated solutions: Implications for REE mineralization
  10. Vanadium micro-XANES determination of oxygen fugacity in olivine-hosted glass inclusion and groundmass glasses of martian primitive shergottite Yamato 980459
  11. Donwilhelmsite, [CaAl4Si2O11], a new lunar high-pressure Ca-Al-silicate with relevance for subducted terrestrial sediments
  12. Magnetite texture and trace-element geochemistry fingerprint of pulsed mineralization in the Xinqiao Cu-Fe-Au deposit, Eastern China
  13. Magmatic haggertyite in olivine lamproites of the West Kimberley region, Western Australia
  14. Trace elements in sulfides from the Maozu Pb-Zn deposit, Yunnan Province, China: Implications for trace-element incorporation mechanisms and ore genesis
  15. Letter
  16. New pressure-induced phase transition to Co2Si-type Fe2P
  17. Effects of small crystallite size on the thermal infrared (vibrational) spectra of minerals
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