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TEM investigation of forsterite dendrites

  • François Faure EMAIL logo , Gilles Trolliard and Bernard Soulestin
Published/Copyright: March 31, 2015
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 88 Issue 8-9

Abstract

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to investigate dendritic forsterite systematically, in order to understand its morphology in three dimensions. TEM images of olivine dendrites are reported for the first time. Crystals have been obtained by dynamic crystallization in the CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CMAS) system in a one-atmosphere vertical furnace. A fast cooling rate (1890°C/h) has been used with degrees of undercooling varying from 156 to 356 ∞C. Different microstructures were observed depending on their location in the dendritic crystal. The external part of the crystal reveals true olivine dendrite propagation, as classically observed in other materials (succinonitrile, alloys). In the inner part of the crystal, this microstructure changes to the formation of single crystalline units with well-defined crystalline faces. The shapes observed are very reproducible. These units are limited by the usual forms of olivine [(010), {021}, {110}, {120}, {101}] and also by less common forms [(001), {130}, {140}] as additional faceting. All these elementary units present the same morphology, the hopper shape that corresponds to the skeletal form of olivine. These units are linked in a peculiar spatial organization giving rise to dendrite branches. It is shown that the [101] preferential direction of growth of dendrites is a mean direction and corresponds to the juxtaposition of these elementary units. In the innermost part of dendritic crystals, a dissolution-recrystallization process of elementary units occurs and a typical textural ripening microstructure is observed. This textural ripening starts early and is coincident with the real dendritic growth (external part of the crystal). Thus, the final appearance of dendritic forsterite crystals mainly results from textural ripening. This study emphasizes that dendritic solidification is a complex phenomenon, and the various microstructures suggest that multiple mechanisms are involved during the formation of so-called dendritic crystals

Received: 2002-2-26
Accepted: 2003-4-5
Published Online: 2015-3-31
Published in Print: 2003-8-1

© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Melting of garnet peridotite: Effects of capsules and thermocouples, and implications for the high-pressure mantle solidus
  2. High-resolution and energy-filtered TEM of the interface between hematite and ilmenite exsolution lamellae: Relevance to the origin of lamellar magnetism
  3. The structural evolution of mercury sulfide precipitate: an XAS and XRD study
  4. Synthetic fluid inclusions as recorders of microfracture healing and overgrowth formation rates
  5. Fluid-induced nucleation of (Y+REE)-phosphate minerals within apatite: Nature and experiment. Part II. Fluorapatite
  6. A technique for measuring 3D crystal-size distributions of prismatic microlites in obsidian
  7. TEM investigation of forsterite dendrites
  8. Mechanism and kinetics of element and isotopic exchange mediated by a fluid phase
  9. Chromian spinel during melting experiments of dry peridotite (KLB-1) at 1.0–2.5 GPa
  10. Resonant XPS study of the pyrite valence band with implications for molecular orbital contributions
  11. Petrology and mineralogy of wollastonite- and melilite-bearing paralavas from the Central Apennines, Italy
  12. Variation of antiphase domain size in omphacite: A tool to determine the temperature–time history of eclogites revisited
  13. Compressional and shear wave velocities of ringwoodite γ-Mg2SiO4 to 12 GPa
  14. A vibrational spectroscopic study of the oxidation of pyrite by ferric iron
  15. The atomic arrangement of the ganophyllite-group modulated layer silicates as determined from the orthorhombic dimorph of tamaite, with the elusive 16.8 Å ganophyllite-group superstructure revealed
  16. The crystal structure of chromian kassite from the Saranovskoye deposit, Northern Urals, Russia
  17. Spectroscopic and related evidence on the coloring and constitution of New Zealand jade
  18. Chemical speciation of Ag in galena by EPR spectroscopy
  19. Pressure dependence of melt viscosity in the system NaAlSi3O8-CaMgSi2O6
  20. Molecules in the SiO2-clathrate melanophlogite: A single-crystal Raman study
  21. Mn-rich tourmaline from Austria: structure, chemistry, optical spectra, and relations to synthetic solid solutions
  22. Compositional heterogeneity of olivine in thermally metamorphosed serpentinite from Southwest Japan
  23. Magnetic monitoring of hydrothermal magnetite nucleation-and-growth: Record of magnetic reversals
  24. High-temperature limits on viscosity of non-Arrhenian silicate melts
  25. First reported sedimentary occurrence of berlinite (AlPO4) in phosphate-bearing sediments from Cioclovina Cave, Romania
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2003-8-907

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Melting of garnet peridotite: Effects of capsules and thermocouples, and implications for the high-pressure mantle solidus
  2. High-resolution and energy-filtered TEM of the interface between hematite and ilmenite exsolution lamellae: Relevance to the origin of lamellar magnetism
  3. The structural evolution of mercury sulfide precipitate: an XAS and XRD study
  4. Synthetic fluid inclusions as recorders of microfracture healing and overgrowth formation rates
  5. Fluid-induced nucleation of (Y+REE)-phosphate minerals within apatite: Nature and experiment. Part II. Fluorapatite
  6. A technique for measuring 3D crystal-size distributions of prismatic microlites in obsidian
  7. TEM investigation of forsterite dendrites
  8. Mechanism and kinetics of element and isotopic exchange mediated by a fluid phase
  9. Chromian spinel during melting experiments of dry peridotite (KLB-1) at 1.0–2.5 GPa
  10. Resonant XPS study of the pyrite valence band with implications for molecular orbital contributions
  11. Petrology and mineralogy of wollastonite- and melilite-bearing paralavas from the Central Apennines, Italy
  12. Variation of antiphase domain size in omphacite: A tool to determine the temperature–time history of eclogites revisited
  13. Compressional and shear wave velocities of ringwoodite γ-Mg2SiO4 to 12 GPa
  14. A vibrational spectroscopic study of the oxidation of pyrite by ferric iron
  15. The atomic arrangement of the ganophyllite-group modulated layer silicates as determined from the orthorhombic dimorph of tamaite, with the elusive 16.8 Å ganophyllite-group superstructure revealed
  16. The crystal structure of chromian kassite from the Saranovskoye deposit, Northern Urals, Russia
  17. Spectroscopic and related evidence on the coloring and constitution of New Zealand jade
  18. Chemical speciation of Ag in galena by EPR spectroscopy
  19. Pressure dependence of melt viscosity in the system NaAlSi3O8-CaMgSi2O6
  20. Molecules in the SiO2-clathrate melanophlogite: A single-crystal Raman study
  21. Mn-rich tourmaline from Austria: structure, chemistry, optical spectra, and relations to synthetic solid solutions
  22. Compositional heterogeneity of olivine in thermally metamorphosed serpentinite from Southwest Japan
  23. Magnetic monitoring of hydrothermal magnetite nucleation-and-growth: Record of magnetic reversals
  24. High-temperature limits on viscosity of non-Arrhenian silicate melts
  25. First reported sedimentary occurrence of berlinite (AlPO4) in phosphate-bearing sediments from Cioclovina Cave, Romania
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