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Quantifying surface areas of clays by atomic force microscopy

  • Barry R. Bickmore EMAIL logo , Kathryn L. Nagy , Paul E. Sandlin and Terry S. Crater
Published/Copyright: March 28, 2015
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 87 Issue 5-6

Abstract

Rapid and accurate determination of the surface area of three kaolinite clay standards, taking into account the complex microtopography of the particles, was achieved using atomic force microscopy images and computerized image analysis. All surface areas were determined to within 3%. Edge surface area is 18.2-30.0% of the total surface area depending on the particular kaolinite standard. Specific surface areas agree to within 4% of published values determined by the BET method. The approach can be applied to clay and nanoparticle samples too small in quantity for BET analysis, since it requires ~11 orders of magnitude less material.

Received: 2001-8-21
Accepted: 2002-1-24
Published Online: 2015-3-28
Published in Print: 2002-5-1

© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Formation of secondary pyrite and carbonate minerals in the Lower Williams Lake tailings basin, Elliot Lake, Ontario, Canada
  2. Hydroxyl in MgSiO3 akimotoite: A polarized and high-pressure IR study
  3. High-pressure IR-spectra and the thermodynamic properties of chloritoid
  4. Infrared and Raman study of interlayer anions CO32–, NO3–, SO42– and ClO4– in Mg/Al-hydrotalcite
  5. Effect of Fe oxidation state on the IR spectra of Garfield nontronite
  6. High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia3d →I4̅3d symmetry at 5 GPa
  7. The high-temperature P21/c-C2/c phase transition in Fe-free pyroxene (Ca0.15Mg1.85Si2O6): Structural and thermodynamic behavior
  8. Thermodynamics and stability of pseudobrookite-type MgTi2O5 (karrooite)
  9. Molecular orbital calculations on aluminosilicate tricluster molecules: Implications for the structure of aluminosilicate glasses
  10. Surface structures, stabilities, and growth of magnesian calcites: A computational investigation from the perspective of dolomite formation
  11. Spinels and other oxides in Mn-rich rocks from the Hutter Mine, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, U.S.A.: Implications for miscibility and solvus relations among jacobsite, galaxite, and magnetite
  12. An occurrence of igneous orthorhombic amphibole, Eriksberg gabbro, southern Sweden
  13. Crystal chemistry of Cr3+-V3+-rich clinopyroxenes
  14. The crystal structures of cesanite and its synthetic analogue—A comparison
  15. Disordered distribution of Cu in the crystal structure of leightonite, K2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O
  16. Neustädtelite and cobaltneustädtelite, the Fe3+ - and Co2+ -analogues of medenbachite
  17. Ciprianiite and mottanaite-(Ce), two new minerals of the hellandite group from Latium (Italy)
  18. Re-definition, nomenclature and crystal-chemistry of the hellandite group
  19. The new mineral baumstarkite and a structural reinvestigation of aramayoite and miargyrite
  20. Letters. Isotopic and elemental partitioning of boron between hydrous fluid and silicate melt
  21. Experimental evidence of three coexisting immiscible fluids in synthetic granitic pegmatite
  22. Quantifying surface areas of clays by atomic force microscopy
  23. A new high-pressure phase of FeSi
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2002-5-622

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Formation of secondary pyrite and carbonate minerals in the Lower Williams Lake tailings basin, Elliot Lake, Ontario, Canada
  2. Hydroxyl in MgSiO3 akimotoite: A polarized and high-pressure IR study
  3. High-pressure IR-spectra and the thermodynamic properties of chloritoid
  4. Infrared and Raman study of interlayer anions CO32–, NO3–, SO42– and ClO4– in Mg/Al-hydrotalcite
  5. Effect of Fe oxidation state on the IR spectra of Garfield nontronite
  6. High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia3d →I4̅3d symmetry at 5 GPa
  7. The high-temperature P21/c-C2/c phase transition in Fe-free pyroxene (Ca0.15Mg1.85Si2O6): Structural and thermodynamic behavior
  8. Thermodynamics and stability of pseudobrookite-type MgTi2O5 (karrooite)
  9. Molecular orbital calculations on aluminosilicate tricluster molecules: Implications for the structure of aluminosilicate glasses
  10. Surface structures, stabilities, and growth of magnesian calcites: A computational investigation from the perspective of dolomite formation
  11. Spinels and other oxides in Mn-rich rocks from the Hutter Mine, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, U.S.A.: Implications for miscibility and solvus relations among jacobsite, galaxite, and magnetite
  12. An occurrence of igneous orthorhombic amphibole, Eriksberg gabbro, southern Sweden
  13. Crystal chemistry of Cr3+-V3+-rich clinopyroxenes
  14. The crystal structures of cesanite and its synthetic analogue—A comparison
  15. Disordered distribution of Cu in the crystal structure of leightonite, K2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O
  16. Neustädtelite and cobaltneustädtelite, the Fe3+ - and Co2+ -analogues of medenbachite
  17. Ciprianiite and mottanaite-(Ce), two new minerals of the hellandite group from Latium (Italy)
  18. Re-definition, nomenclature and crystal-chemistry of the hellandite group
  19. The new mineral baumstarkite and a structural reinvestigation of aramayoite and miargyrite
  20. Letters. Isotopic and elemental partitioning of boron between hydrous fluid and silicate melt
  21. Experimental evidence of three coexisting immiscible fluids in synthetic granitic pegmatite
  22. Quantifying surface areas of clays by atomic force microscopy
  23. A new high-pressure phase of FeSi
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