Quantitative Study of 4He Real Gas Effects Using Supersonic Beams
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Wolfgang Christen
Abstract
The experimental realization of accurately defined source conditions, combined with an undisturbed flight path of precisely known length, permits the generation of supersonic molecular beams with an extremely well characterized axial velocity distribution. This achievement can be used for a quantitative assessment of theoretical models of condensation during the jet expansion, based on high accuracy equations of state. For helium-4, which is commonly put on a level with the ideal gas, we contrast two empirical equations of state with respect to enthalpy changes. These can be validated through a comparison with experimentally determined mean terminal flow velocities. At cryogenic temperatures, strong deviations from the ideal gas behavior are observed. Most notably, even the differences between the predictions of the two fundamental equations are large enough to be distinguished by high-resolution time-of-flight measurements.
© by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München, Germany
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Articles in the same Issue
- Editorial
- Reactions between Cold CHx+ and Slow H and H2
- Reactions in Trifluoropropene and Trifluoropropyne Triggered by Low-Energy (0–12 eV) Electrons: From Single Bond Cleavages to Complex Unimolecular Decompositions
- Direct Access to the Dipole-Forbidden nπ∗T1 State of p-Benzoquinone by Photodetachment Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- Quantitative Study of 4He Real Gas Effects Using Supersonic Beams
- Large Amplitude Motions in Cyclopentene and 1-Butene: Quantum Chemical Insights into the Ground- and Excited State Potential Energy Surfaces
- Coherent Excitation Transfer Driven by Torsional Dynamics: a Model Hamiltonian for PPV Type Systems
- H-Bonding Cooperativity Effects in Amyloids: Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Mechanics Study
- Ultrafast Charge Separation at the CdSe Quantum Dot/Methylviologen Interface: Dependence on Electron Acceptor Concentration
- Circular Dichroism in Ion Yields in Multiphoton Ionization of (R)-Propylene Oxide Employing Femtosecond Laser Pulses
- The Interaction of the Dipeptide Carnosine With Alkali Metal Ions Studied by Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry
- Nonequilibrium NMR Methods for Monitoring Protein and RNA Folding
