Biological activities of some Salvia species
-
Mehmet Doğan
,
Nurdan Akıcı
Abstract
In this study, total phenolic, flavonoid and protein contents, antiradical capacities, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of five different Salvia species (Salvia macrochlamys Boiss., Salvia kronenburgii Rech.f., Salvia euphratica Montbret. ex Aucher var. euphratica, Salvia huberi Hedge and Salvia kurdica Benth) were investigated. The total phenolic content of the species was in the range of 59.6 ± 20 to 150.1 ± 1.1 mg/g, total flavonoid content in the range of 20.4 ± 2.2 to 38.9 ± 4.1 mg/g, and total protein content in the range of 14.0 ± 0.5 to 22.0 ± 1.1 mg/g. Radical scavenging capacities of the Salvia species were determined in the range of 84.1 ± 4.5 to 96.8 ± 0.1%. Moreover, Salvia extracts showed powerful antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Cytotoxic effects of the samples on human lymphocytes were determined by MTS assay and S. kronenburgii and S. euphratica var. euphratica decreased the harmful effects of 2-hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane (tert-butyl hydroper-oxide, t-BOOH) at all time points tested. The highest amounts of rutin hydrate belong to S. kronenburgii and S. euphratica var. euphratica, and the highest amounts of luteolin-7-glucoside belong to S. huberi and S. kronenburgii. Vanillic acid was present only in S. huberi and S. kurdica.
Funding source: Balikesir Üniversitesi
Award Identifier / Grant number: BAP 2020/048
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: This work was supported by Balıkesir University Scientific Research Projects Unit with BAP 2020/048.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
References
1. Berber, I, Avsar, C, Cine, N, Bozkurt, N, Elmas, E. Determination of antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanolic extracts of some plants growing in Sinop. Karaelmas Sci Eng J 2013;3:10–6. https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v3i1.87.Search in Google Scholar
2. Gundogmaz, G, Dogan, S, Arslan, O. Some kinetic properties of polyphenol oxidase obtained from various Salvia species (Salvia viridis L., Salvia virgata Jacq. and Salvia tomentosa Miller). Food Sci Technol Int 2003;9:309–15.10.1177/108201303036476Search in Google Scholar
3. Tabanca, N, Demirci, B, Baser, KHC, Aytac, Z, Ekici, M, Khan, SI, et al.. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita essential oils. J Agric Food Chem 2006;54:6593–7. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0608773.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
4. Topcu, G, Ertas, A, Kolak, U, Ozturk, M, Ulubelen, A. Antioxidant activity tests on novel triterpenoids from Salvia macrochlamys. Arkivoc 2007;7:195–208.10.3998/ark.5550190.0008.716Search in Google Scholar
5. Çulhaoğlu, B, Topçu, G. Biologically active lupane triterpenoids from Anatolian Salvia species. Planta Med 2011;77:PM172.10.1055/s-0031-1282930Search in Google Scholar
6. Erez, ME, Fidan, M. Allelopathic effects of Sage (Salvia macrochlamys) extract on germination of Portulaca oleracea seeds. Allelopathy J 2015;35:285–96.Search in Google Scholar
7. Celep, F, Raders, E, Drew, BT. Two new hybrid species of Salvia (S. × karamanensis and S. × doganii) from Turkey: evidence from molecular and morphological studies. Turk J Bot 2020;44:647–60. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-2007-28.Search in Google Scholar
8. Ilcim, A, Digrak, M, Bagci, E. The investigation of antimicrobial effect of some plant extract. Turk J Biol 1998;22:119–25.Search in Google Scholar
9. Draughon, FA. Use of botanicals as biopreservatives in foods. Food Technol 2004;58:20–8.Search in Google Scholar
10. Liu, RH. Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: mechanism of action. J Nutr 2004;134:3479S–85S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.12.3479s.Search in Google Scholar
11. Kaur, C, Kapoor, HC. Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables – the millennium’s health. Int J Food Sci Technol 2001;36:703–25. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2001.00513.x.Search in Google Scholar
12. Erbas, S, Fakir, H. Determination of contents and components of essential oils of Sideritis libanotica Labill. subsp. linearis (Bentham) Bornm. and Origanum sipyleum L. grown wild in western mediterranean region of Turkey. SDU Facul For J 2012;13:119–22.Search in Google Scholar
13. Davis, PH. Flora of Turkey and the east aegeans islands. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press; 1982.Search in Google Scholar
14. Shahidi, F, Zhong, Y. Novel antioxidants in food quality preservation and health promotion. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2010;112:930–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201000044.Search in Google Scholar
15. Hedge, C. A global survey of the biogeography of the Labiatae. In: Harley, RM, Reynolds, T, editors. Advances in Labiatae science. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens; 1992.Search in Google Scholar
16. Kahraman, A, Celep, F, Dogan, M, Bagherpour, S. A taxonomic revision of Salvia euphratica sensu lato and its closely related species (sect. Hymenosphace, Lamiaceae) using multivariate analysis. Turk J Biol 2010;34:261–76.10.3906/bot-0910-194Search in Google Scholar
17. Baser, KHC. Essential oils of anatolian Labiatae: a profile. Acta Hortic 1993;333:217–38. https://doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1993.333.27.Search in Google Scholar
18. Ramful, D, Tarnus, E, Aruoma, OI, Bourdon, E, Bahorun, T. Polyphenol composition, vitamin C content and antioxidant capacity of Mauritian citrus fruit pulps. Food Res Int 2011;44:2088–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.056.Search in Google Scholar
19. Re, R, Pellegrini, N, Proteggente, A, Pannala, A, Yang, M, Rice-Evans, C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med 1999;26:1231–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00315-3.Search in Google Scholar
20. Dogan, S, Diken, M, Doğan, M. Antioxidant, phenolic and protein contents of some medicinal plants. J Med Plants Res 2010;4:2566–73.10.5897/JMPR10.626Search in Google Scholar
21. Moon, JK, Shibamoto, T. Antioxidant assays for plant and food components. J Agric Food Chem 2009;57:1655–66. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf803537k.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
22. Basile, A, Senatore, F, Gargano, R, Sorbo, S, Del Pezzo, M, Lavitola, A, et al.. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities in Sideritis italica (Miller) Greuter et Burdet essential oils. J Ethnopharmacol 2006;107:240–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.019.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
23. Smitha, S, Dhananjaya, BL, Dinesha, R, Srinivas, L. Purification and characterization of a approximately 34 kDa antioxidant protein (beta-turmerin) from turmeric (Curcuma longa) waste grits. Biochimie 2009;91:1156–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2009.06.006.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
24. De Villiers, A, Lynen, F, Crouch, A, Sandra, P. Development of a solid-phase extraction procedure for the simultaneous determination of polyphenols, organic acids and sugars in wine. Chromatographia 2004;59:403–9. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-004-0204-1.Search in Google Scholar
25. Liyana-Pathirana, CM, Shahidi, F, Alasalvar, C. Antioxidant activity of cherry laurel fruit (Laurocerasus officinalis Roem.) and its concentrated juice. Food Chem 2006;99:121–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.06.046.Search in Google Scholar
26. Guzel, S, Ozay, Y, Kumas, M, Uzun, C, Ozkorkmaz, EG, Yildirim, Z, et al.. Wound healing properties, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Salvia kronenburgii Rech. f. and Salvia euphratica Montbret, Aucher & Rech. f. var. euphratica on excision and incision wound models in diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019;111:1260–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.038.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
27. Tepe, B, Sokmen, M, Akpulat, HA, Sokmen, A. Screening of the antioxidant potentials of six Salvia species from Turkey. Food Chem 2006;95:200–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.12.031.Search in Google Scholar
28. Yumrutas, O, Sokmen, A, Akpulat, HA, Ozturk, N, Daferera, D, Sokmen, M, et al.. Phenolic acid contents, essential oil compositions and antioxidant activities of two varieties of Salvia euphratica from Turkey. Nat Prod Res 2012;26:1848–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2011.613386.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
29. Alimpić, A, Knežević, A, Milutinović, M, Stević, T, Šavikin, K, Stajić, M, et al.. Biological activities and chemical composition of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. extracts. Ind Crop Prod 2017;105:1–9.10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.04.051Search in Google Scholar
30. Hatipoglu, SD. Bioactivity directed isolation of secondary metabolites of Salvia adenophylla and Salvia verticillata subsp. amasiaca plants and investigation of their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities including semi-synthetic derivatives [MSc thesis]. Istanbul: Institute of Sciences, Istanbul Technical University; 2010:1–193 pp.Search in Google Scholar
31. Tlili, N, Mejri, H, Anouer, F, Saadaoui, E, Khaldi, A, Nasri, N. Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of Capparis spinosa seeds harvested from different wild habitats. Ind Crop Prod 2015;76:930–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.040.Search in Google Scholar
32. Lopresti, AL. Salvia (sage): a review of its potential cognitive-enhancing and protective effects. Drugs R D 2017;17:53–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40268-016-0157-5.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
33. Ertas, A. Isolation of diterpenic constituents and biological activity studies of two endemic Sideritis species, Sideritis arguta and Sideritis congest [MSc thesis]. Istanbul: Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University; 2005:1–157 pp.Search in Google Scholar
34. Laxa, M, Liebthal, M, Telman, W, Chibani, K, Dietz, K-J. The role of the plant antioxidant system in drought tolerance. Antioxidants 2019;8:94. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8040094.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
35. Abubakar, Y, Tijjani, H, Egbuna, C, Adetunji, CO, Kala, S, Kryeziu, TL, et al.. Pesticides, history, and classification. In: Natural remedies for pest, disease and weed control. San Diego, United States: Academic Press; 2020:29–42 pp.10.1016/B978-0-12-819304-4.00003-8Search in Google Scholar
36. Sá, AGA, Moreno, YMF, Carciofi, BAM. Plant proteins as high-quality nutritional source for human diet. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020;97:170–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.011.Search in Google Scholar
37. Atalay, B. Biological activities of some species of Lamiaceae family growing in Kazdagi [MSc thesis]. Balikesir: Institute of Sciences, Balikesir University; 2014:1–80 pp.Search in Google Scholar
38. Grancieri, M, Martino, HSD, Gonzalez De Mejia, E. Chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) as a source of proteins and bioactive peptides with health benefits: a review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019;18:480–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12423.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
39. Capek, P, Machová, E, Turjan, J. Scavenging and antioxidant activities of immunomodulating polysaccharides isolated from Salvia officinalis L. Int J Biol Macromol 2009;44:75–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2008.10.007.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
40. Tan, N, Yazıcı-Tütüniş, S, Yeşil, Y, Demirci, B, Tan, E. Antibacterial activities and composition of the essential oils of Salvia sericeo-tomentosa varieties. Record Nat Prod 2017;11:456–61. https://doi.org/10.25135/rnp.57.16.12.086.Search in Google Scholar
41. Hasimi, N, Kizil, S, Tolan, V. An investigation on antimicrobial activities of fennel and sage essential oils. Batman Univ J Life Sci 2015;5:227–35.Search in Google Scholar
42. Garcia-Cohen, E-C, Marin, J, Diez-Picazo, LD, Baena, AB, Salaices, M, Rodriguez-Martinez, MA. Oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide causes vasoconstriction in the aorta from hypertensive and aged rats: role of cyclooxygenase-2 isoform. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000;293:75.Search in Google Scholar
43. Zengin, G, Llorent-Martínez, EJ, Córdova, MLF-D, Bahadori, MB, Mocan, A, Locatelli, M, et al.. Chemical composition and biological activities of extracts from three Salvia species: S. blepharochlaena, S. euphratica var. leiocalycina, and S. verticillata subsp. amasiaca. Ind Crop Prod 2018;111:11–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.09.065.Search in Google Scholar
44. Topcu, G, Turkmen, Z, Ulubelen, A, Schilling, JK, Kingston, DG. Highly hydroxylated triterpenes from Salvia kronenburgii. J Nat Prod 2004;67:118–21. https://doi.org/10.1021/np030359b.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
45. Sevindik, N, Rencuzogullari, E. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Salvia fruticosa leaf extract in human blood lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014;37:295–302. https://doi.org/10.3109/01480545.2013.851689.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
46. Turan, M, Sokmen, A, Karadayi, K, Polat Akin, Z, Sen, M. Antineoplastic properties of some plant extracts which are endemic in Sivas. Cumhuriyet Med J 2010;32:9–18.Search in Google Scholar
47. Altay, A. Antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of Salvia fruticosa M. and its effects on gene expressions of some cyp450 and antioxidant enzymes in Ht-29 cell line [PhD thesis]. Ankara: Middle East Technical University; 2015:1–153 pp.Search in Google Scholar
48. Gokbulut, A, Kartal, M, Konuklugil, B, Firat, M. Simultaneous determination of selected phenolic acids in Turkish Salvia species by HPLC-DAD. Chem Nat Compd 2010;46:805–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-010-9750-y.Search in Google Scholar
49. Yener, I. Determination of antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticholinesterase, antiurease, antityrosinase, and antielastase activities and aroma, essential oil, fatty acid, phenolic, and terpenoid-phytosterol contents of Salvia poculata. Ind Crop Prod 2020;155:112712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112712.Search in Google Scholar
50. Jin, XF, Lu, YH, Wei, DZ, Wang, ZT. Chemical fingerprint and quantitative analysis of Salvia plebeia R.Br. by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal 2008;48:100–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2008.05.027.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
51. Orhan, IE, Senol, FS, Ozturk, N, Akaydin, G, Sener, B. Profiling of in vitro neurobiological effects and phenolic acids of selected endemic Salvia species. Food Chem 2012;132:1360–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.119.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
52. Askun, T, Tumen, G, Satil, F, Ates, M. Characterization of the phenolic composition and antimicrobial activities of Turkish medicinal plants. Pharm Biol 2009;47:563–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200902878069.Search in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Bioactive compounds from Matricaria chamomilla: structure identification, in vitro antiproliferative, antimigratory, antiangiogenic, and antiadenoviral activities
- Antimicrobial synergism and antibiofilm activities of Pelargonium graveolens, Rosemary officinalis, and Mentha piperita essential oils against extreme drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates
- Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of two essential oils from Algerian propolis
- Stability of proteins involved in initiation of DNA replication in UV damaged human cells
- Bioguided isolation of antiplasmodial secondary metabolites from Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)
- Biological activities of some Salvia species
- Secondary metabolites of downy birch buds (Betula pubescens Erch.)
- (−)-Brunneusine, a new phenolic compound with antibacterial properties in aqueous medium from the leaves of Agelanthus brunneus (Engl.) Tiegh (LORANTHACEAE)
- Novel thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives including piperazine ring: synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and molecular docking as selective MAO-A inhibitor
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Bioactive compounds from Matricaria chamomilla: structure identification, in vitro antiproliferative, antimigratory, antiangiogenic, and antiadenoviral activities
- Antimicrobial synergism and antibiofilm activities of Pelargonium graveolens, Rosemary officinalis, and Mentha piperita essential oils against extreme drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates
- Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of two essential oils from Algerian propolis
- Stability of proteins involved in initiation of DNA replication in UV damaged human cells
- Bioguided isolation of antiplasmodial secondary metabolites from Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)
- Biological activities of some Salvia species
- Secondary metabolites of downy birch buds (Betula pubescens Erch.)
- (−)-Brunneusine, a new phenolic compound with antibacterial properties in aqueous medium from the leaves of Agelanthus brunneus (Engl.) Tiegh (LORANTHACEAE)
- Novel thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives including piperazine ring: synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and molecular docking as selective MAO-A inhibitor
