Coconut oil refinery waste utilization in sustainable development of biodegradable betaine surfactant

Rahul P. Kedar; Yogeshsing N. Rajput; Chetan D. Girase; Ravindra D. Kulkarni

doi:10.1515/tsd-2024-2627

Article

Coconut oil refinery waste utilization in sustainable development of biodegradable betaine surfactant

Rahul P. Kedar
Rahul P. Kedar M. Sc. SSVPS College Dhule, Maharashtra, India. Presently pursuing Ph.D. from Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research Interests: Speciality chemicals from petroleum and refinery by-products.
, Yogeshsing N. Rajput
Dr. Yogeshsing N. Rajput M. Sc. From KBC NMU Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India. Ph.D. From Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research Interests: Surfactant Synthesis, Cosmetic Formulation.
, Chetan D. Girase
Dr. Chetan D. Girase M. Sc. From KBC NMU Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India., Ph.D. From Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research interests: Green synthesis of surfactants.
and Ravindra D. Kulkarni
Professor Dr. Ravindra D. Kulkarni Ph.D. from Nagpur University, currently Senior Professor Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research Interests: Oleochemicals and Surfactants, Polymers, Pigments.

Published/Copyright: February 19, 2025

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From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 62 Issue 2

Abstract

The increasing demand for environmentally friendly surfactants has led to the development of innovative, simplified and solvent-free synthesis methods. This study reports the preparation of 3-dimethylaminopropyl cocoyl betaine, a surfactant, using coconut oil refinery waste as the main raw material. A high yield of 90.46 % was obtained by a three-step esterification process using 3-dimethylaminopropanol and coconut oil deodoriser distillate. Structural analysis of the final product was carried out using NMR and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, together with evaluation of the surfactant properties. The analysis of the surfactant properties of 3-dimethylaminopropyl cocoyl betaine indicated its potential suitability for use in personal care and cosmetic formulations. This study highlights the importance of reusing coconut oil refinery waste to produce environmentally friendly surfactants, supporting the chemical industry’s use of renewable and sustainable resources.

Keywords: coconut oil; deodorizer distillate; fatty acid methyl esters; 3-dimethylaminopropanol; betaine

Corresponding author: Ravindra D. Kulkarni, Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India, E-mail: rd.kulkarni@ictmumbai.edu.in

About the authors

Rahul P. Kedar

Rahul P. Kedar M. Sc. SSVPS College Dhule, Maharashtra, India. Presently pursuing Ph.D. from Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research Interests: Speciality chemicals from petroleum and refinery by-products.

Yogeshsing N. Rajput

Dr. Yogeshsing N. Rajput M. Sc. From KBC NMU Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India. Ph.D. From Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research Interests: Surfactant Synthesis, Cosmetic Formulation.

Chetan D. Girase

Dr. Chetan D. Girase M. Sc. From KBC NMU Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India., Ph.D. From Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research interests: Green synthesis of surfactants.

Ravindra D. Kulkarni

Professor Dr. Ravindra D. Kulkarni Ph.D. from Nagpur University, currently Senior Professor Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Research Interests: Oleochemicals and Surfactants, Polymers, Pigments.

Research ethics: Not applicable.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: Rahul P. Kedar carried out the research and wrote the first draft of the manuscript, Yogeshsing N. Rajput and Chetan D. Girase handled the analysis of the products, analysed the data, Ravindra D. Kulkarni designed and supervised the study, and approved the final draft of the manuscript. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
Research funding: None declared.
Data availability: Not applicable.

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2627).

Received: 2024-09-14

Accepted: 2025-01-28

Published Online: 2025-02-19

Published in Print: 2025-03-26

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Supplementary Material Details

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Keywords for this article

coconut oil; deodorizer distillate; fatty acid methyl esters; 3-dimethylaminopropanol; betaine