2.2 “MIRED IN DECEPTION” – NARCOTICS AND POLITICS IN AFGHANISTAN

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter 1
2. Contents 5
3. Preface 9
4. I. Introduction 11
5. II. Transnational Issues of Organized Crime
6. 1. Money Laundering: Motives, Methods, Impact, and Countermeasures 17
7. 2. What Do a Tax Evader and a Money Launderer have in Common? The Role of Secrecy in the Financial Sector 35
8. 3. “People should not be punished for being honest!” 41
9. 4. Organized Crime in Cyberspace 47
10. 5. Judicial and Social Conditions for the Containment of Organized Crime: A Best Practice Account 61
11. III. Regional Perspectives
12. 1. INTRODUCTION 75
13. 2. Afghanistan
14. 2.1 TWO SIDES OF A COIN? STATEBUILDING AND TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME NETWORKS IN AFGHANISTAN 77
15. 2.2 “MIRED IN DECEPTION” – NARCOTICS AND POLITICS IN AFGHANISTAN 91
16. 2.3 HOW TO FIGHT CORRUPTION IN AFGHANISTAN: A COMMUNITY PROJECT EXAMPLE 109
17. 3. India
18. 3.1 BLACK ECONOMY IN INDIA AND TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME: UNDERMINING DEMOCRACY 115
19. 4. West Africa
20. 4.1 ORGANIZED AND TRANSNATIONAL CRIME IN WEST AFRICA 127
21. 5. South Africa
22. 5.1 FROM APARTHEID TO 2020: THE EVOLUTION OF ORGANIZED CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN SOUTH AFRICA 145
23. 6. Mexico
24. 6.1 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE WAR AGAINST DRUGS IN MEXICO 149
25. 6.2 Extortion in Everyday Life in Mexico 161
26. 6.3 CIVIL SOCIETY’S STRATEGIES TO CONFRONT GROWING INSECURITY AND VIOLENCE IN MEXICO 169
27. 7. Brazil
28. 7.1 VIOLENCE AND ORGANIZED CRIME IN BRAZIL: THE CASE OF “MILITIAS” IN RIO DE JANEIRO 179
29. 7.2 ROOTS OF ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE AMAZON 189
30. 7.3 IF THE MPF WOULD NOT GO FOR IT, WHO WILL? 199
31. 7.4 UNHOLY ALLIANCES OR CREATIVE PROCESSES? SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL APPROACHES POINT OUT NEW WAYS TOWARD LOCAL HARM REDUCTION 203
32. 8. The Balkans
33. 8.1 A “BLACK HOLE” IN EUROPE? THE SOCIAL AND DISCURSIVE REALITY OF CRIME IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA AND THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY’S TACIT COMPLICITY 211
34. 8.2 TRAFFICKING IN ORGANS, TISSUES, AND CELLS IS SOMETIMES PART OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING 233
35. 9. European Union
36. 9.1 ORGANIZED CRIME AND CORRUPTION — NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES 239
37. 10. Italy
38. 10.1 CIVIL SOCIETY’S ROLE IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE ’NDRANGHETA 267
39. 10.2 AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD TO COMBAT THE MAFIA: CONFISCATION OF CRIMINAL ASSETS 277
40. 11. Germany
41. 11.1 THE MAFIA AND ORGANIZED CRIME IN GERMANY 285
42. IV. Outlook 295
43. ABBREVIATIONS 297
44. Authors 299