Absorption, emission, and schlieren imaging of liquid and gas flows using an LED and a webcam
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Johannes Kiefer
Johannes Kiefer is Chair Professor and Head of the division Technische Thermodynamik at the University of Bremen, Germany. In addition, he is an Honorary Professor at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, and he holds a guest professorship of the Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) at the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. His research interests are the areas of developing and applying spectroscopic techniques for the characterization of advanced materials and processes.
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany; and School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Fraser Noble Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, Universität Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Lukas Burg
Lukas Burg is enrolled in the Master program Production Engineering at the University of Bremen. His research interests concern the field of energy technology as well as the application of optical methods.
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Andrew Pressley Williamson is a PhD student in the division Technische Thermodynamik at the University of Bremen. He graduated with a degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland in 2014. His research interests include the development of new methodologies for contactless combustion diagnostics.
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Abstract
The analysis and investigation of flow processes is a key task in many science and engineering disciplines. In this context, optical diagnostic methods represent versatile tools that allow the determination of concentration, temperature, and flow velocity fields. However, most of the established tools are based on complicated and expensive equipment including advanced laser sources and specialized cameras. In the present work, an alternative approach employing low-cost components in terms of a commercial light-emitting diode (LED) and a webcam is demonstrated. A single experimental setup for emission, absorption, and schlieren imaging has been assembled. Proof-of-concept measurements were carried out in flames and a liquid mixing process. Two-color pyrometry of the thermal radiation from soot particles was used for planar thermometry in a candle flame. Schlieren imaging was employed to visualize the refractive index and hence the temperature gradient in a premixed welding torch butane/air flame. LED-absorption imaging was used to study the mixing of ink and water. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that advanced flow diagnostics can be performed at low cost, which is of particular interest in teaching and training, where expensive equipment may not be available.
Zusammenfassung
Die messtechnische Untersuchung von Strömungsprozessen ist integraler Bestandteil vieler Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften. In diesem Zusammenhang spielen insbesondere optische Methoden zur Bestimmung von Konzentrations-, Temperatur-, und Strömungsfeldern eine wichtige Rolle. Leider werden dazu in der Regel teure und komplexe Lichtquellen und Detektoren benötigt. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt eine Alternative dazu auf indem sie die Nutzung einfacher und kostengünstiger Komponenten wie Leuchtdioden und Webcams untersucht. Es wird ein experimenteller Aufbau vorgestellt, der sowohl Absorptions- als auch Emissions- und Schlierenmessungen erlaubt. Testmessungen wurden in Flammen und einem Mischprozess in der Flüssigphase durchgeführt. Zwei-Farben-Pyrometrie des Rußleuchtens in einer Kerzenflamme ermöglicht die Bestimmung des Temperaturfeldes. Schlierenfotografie wurde genutzt um den Brechungsindex- und damit den Temperaturgradienten in einer Schweißflamme sichtbar zu machen. Planare Absorptionsmessungen wurden während der Vermischung von Wasser und Tinte durchgeführt. Schlussfolgend kann aus den Ergebnissen abgeleitet werden, dass fortschrittliche Strömungsdiagnostik mit kostengünstigen Komponenten möglich ist. Dies ist insbesondere im Bereich der Aus- und Weiterbildung interessant, wo die finanzielle Ausstattung für teure Geräte oft nicht ausreicht.
About the authors
Johannes Kiefer is Chair Professor and Head of the division Technische Thermodynamik at the University of Bremen, Germany. In addition, he is an Honorary Professor at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, and he holds a guest professorship of the Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) at the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. His research interests are the areas of developing and applying spectroscopic techniques for the characterization of advanced materials and processes.
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany; and School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Fraser Noble Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, Universität Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Lukas Burg is enrolled in the Master program Production Engineering at the University of Bremen. His research interests concern the field of energy technology as well as the application of optical methods.
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Andrew Pressley Williamson is a PhD student in the division Technische Thermodynamik at the University of Bremen. He graduated with a degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland in 2014. His research interests include the development of new methodologies for contactless combustion diagnostics.
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Acknowledgement
The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) through grant KI1396/3-1.
© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- IEEE Workshop on Industrial and Medical Measurement and Sensor Technology – SENSORICA 2017
- Research Article
- Absorption, emission, and schlieren imaging of liquid and gas flows using an LED and a webcam
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- Exposure measurement platform for electromagnetic field monitoring and epidemiological research
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- IEEE Workshop on Industrial and Medical Measurement and Sensor Technology – SENSORICA 2017
- Research Article
- Absorption, emission, and schlieren imaging of liquid and gas flows using an LED and a webcam
- High voltage RF-multiplexer for medical applications
- Exposure measurement platform for electromagnetic field monitoring and epidemiological research
- Calculation of muscle forces and joint reaction loads in the shoulder area via an OpenSim based computer model
- Surgical treatment of vaginal vault prolapse using different prosthetic mesh implants: a finite element analysis
- Influence of conventional and extended CT scale range on quantification of Hounsfield units of medical implants and metallic objects
- Design of smart tools to support pre- and intra-operative use of surgical navigation systems
- Implantable multi-sensor system for hemodynamic controlling
- Development of bioimpedance sensing device for wearable monitoring of the aortic blood pressure curve
