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The impact of language contact on Hinuq

Phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon
  • Diana Forker EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 29, 2019

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of language contact on the Nakh-Daghestanian language Hinuq. Hinuq is a rather small language that has been in contact with larger languages for several centuries; among them the traces of Avar and Russian are particularly visible. The paper provides an overview about all observable influences on the phonology, morphology and syntax of Hinuq as well as on the lexicon. Avar is the main source for borrowed morphology and loan words. The influence of Russian on the Hinuq lexicon is growing, especially among the young speakers, but it is still smaller compared to Avar. With respect to the syntax no Avar impact can be detected since the languages belong to the same language family and large parts of the syntactic features and rules bear strong resemblances in the two languages. By contrast, Russian, which is genetically unrelated and typologically different from Hinuq, has some influence on the Hinuq constituent order.

Abbreviations

i–v

genders i–v

A

Avar

abl

ablative

add

additive

adv

adverbial

aloc

animate location

cond

conditional

cop

copula

cvb

converb

dat

dative

dist

distributive

emph

emphatic

erg

ergative

func

functive

gen

genitive

H

Hinuq

hab

habitual

icvb

imperfective converb

in

location ‘in’

iloc

inanimate location

lat

lative

m

masculine

neg

negation

npl

neuter plural

obl

oblique stem

pl

plural

prs

present

pst

past

ptcp

participle

purp

purposive

R

Russian

red

reduplication

sim

simultaneous

spr

location ‘on’

trans

translative

uwpst

unwitnessed past

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Published Online: 2019-05-29
Published in Print: 2019-05-27

© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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