Motor stroke recovery after tDCS: a systematic review
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Graziella Orrù
Graziella Orrù is a neuropsychologist with a PhD in geriatrics sciences. She is currently a researcher at the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. Her research interest includes NIBS techniques and machine learning applied to neuroscience.
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Ciro Conversano
Ciro Conversano is a clinical psychologist and researcher at the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. His research interest includes psychological well-being and neuroscience of mindfulness and meditation.
Paul Kenneth Hitchcott is a psychologist and researcher at the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. Her past and present research themes include the psychobiological aspects of dependence on minor tranquillizers, neural basis of appetitive learning, successful aging, and, more recently, the relationship between the central and peripheral nervous systems and health and consciousness.
Angelo Gemignani, MD, PhD, MS, is a full professor Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. He leads an interdisciplinary research group (BODHI Lab) on the psychophysiology of sleep, consciousness (including meditation), and emotional stress in normal, abnormal, and extreme environmental conditions. BODHI Lab is composed by psychologists, medical doctors, physicists, engineers, and biologists and is active in both basic and applied (industrial) research.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor recovery in adult patients with stroke, taking into account the parameters that could influence the motor recovery responses. The second aim was to identify the best tDCS parameters and recommendations available based on the enhanced motor recovery demonstrated by the analyzed studies. Our systematic review was performed by searching full-text articles published before February 18, 2019 in the PubMed database. Different methods of applying tDCS in association with several complementary therapies were identified. Studies investigating the motor recovery effects of tDCS in adult patients with stroke were considered. Studies investigating different neurologic conditions and psychiatric disorders or those not meeting our methodologic criteria were excluded. The main parameters and outcomes of tDCS treatments are reported. There is not a robust concordance among the study outcomes with regard to the enhancement of motor recovery associated with the clinical application of tDCS. This is mainly due to the heterogeneity of clinical data, tDCS approaches, combined interventions, and outcome measurements. tDCS could be an effective approach to promote adaptive plasticity in the stroke population with significant positive premotor and postmotor rehabilitation effects. Future studies with larger sample sizes and high-quality studies with a better standardization of stimulation protocols are needed to improve the study quality, further corroborate our results, and identify the optimal tDCS protocols.
About the authors
Graziella Orrù is a neuropsychologist with a PhD in geriatrics sciences. She is currently a researcher at the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. Her research interest includes NIBS techniques and machine learning applied to neuroscience.
Ciro Conversano is a clinical psychologist and researcher at the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. His research interest includes psychological well-being and neuroscience of mindfulness and meditation.
Paul Kenneth Hitchcott is a psychologist and researcher at the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. Her past and present research themes include the psychobiological aspects of dependence on minor tranquillizers, neural basis of appetitive learning, successful aging, and, more recently, the relationship between the central and peripheral nervous systems and health and consciousness.
Angelo Gemignani, MD, PhD, MS, is a full professor Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa. He leads an interdisciplinary research group (BODHI Lab) on the psychophysiology of sleep, consciousness (including meditation), and emotional stress in normal, abnormal, and extreme environmental conditions. BODHI Lab is composed by psychologists, medical doctors, physicists, engineers, and biologists and is active in both basic and applied (industrial) research.
Conflict of interest: The authors of this article have no competing interest to declare.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Could electrical coupling contribute to the formation of cell assemblies?
- Reconstituting neurovascular unit based on the close relations between neural stem cells and endothelial cells: an effective method to explore neurogenesis and angiogenesis
- Mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment for multiple sclerosis: a focus on experimental animal studies
- Seizure initiation in infantile spasms vs. focal seizures: proposed common cellular mechanisms
- Motor stroke recovery after tDCS: a systematic review
- Treatment-resistant schizophrenia: focus on the transsulfuration pathway
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Could electrical coupling contribute to the formation of cell assemblies?
- Reconstituting neurovascular unit based on the close relations between neural stem cells and endothelial cells: an effective method to explore neurogenesis and angiogenesis
- Mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment for multiple sclerosis: a focus on experimental animal studies
- Seizure initiation in infantile spasms vs. focal seizures: proposed common cellular mechanisms
- Motor stroke recovery after tDCS: a systematic review
- Treatment-resistant schizophrenia: focus on the transsulfuration pathway
