Exposure to and health effects of volatile PCBs

References

1. Hansen LG. The ortho side of PCBs: occurrence and disposition. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.10.1007/978-1-4615-5057-0Search in Google Scholar

2. Carpenter DO, Welfinger-Smith G. The Hudson River: a case study of PCB contamination. In: Selendy JM, editor. Water and sanitation-related diseases and the environment: challenges, interventions and preventive measures. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011:303–27.Search in Google Scholar

3. Erickson MD. Introduction: PCB properties, uses, occurrence, and regulatory history. In: Robertson LW, Hansen LG, editors. PCBs: recent advances in environmental toxicology and health effects. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky, 2001:xi–xxx.Search in Google Scholar

4. Chiarenzelli J, Scrudato R, Arnold G, Wunderlich M, Rafferty D. Volatilization of polychlorinated biphenyls from sediment during drying at ambient conditions. Chemosphere 1996;33:899–911.10.1016/0045-6535(96)00225-1Search in Google Scholar

5. Chiarenzelli J, Scrudato RJ, Wunderlich ML. Volatile loss of PCB aroclors from subaqueous sand. Environ Sci Technol 1997;31:597–602.10.1021/es960555nSearch in Google Scholar

6. Chiarenzelli J, Bush B, Casey A, Barnard E, Smith B, et al. Defining the sources of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls: evidence for the influence of microbially dechlorinated congeners from river sediment? Can J Fish Aquat Sci 2000;57:86–94.10.1139/f99-240Search in Google Scholar

7. Jeremiason JD, Hornbuckle KC, Eisenreich SJ. PCBs in Lake Superior, 1978–1992: decreases in water concentrations reflect loss by volatilization. Environ Sci Technol 1994;28:903–14.10.1021/es00054a023Search in Google Scholar

8. Vorhees DJ, Cullen AC, Altshul LM. Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in residential indoor air and outdoor air near a superfund site. Environ Sci Technol 1997;31:3612–8.10.1021/es970371oSearch in Google Scholar

9. Sandy AL, Guo J, Miskewitz RJ, McGillis WR, Rodenburg LA. Fluxes of polychlorinated biphenyls volatilizing from the Hudson River, New York measured using micrometeorological approaches. Environ Sci Technol 2012;46:885–91.10.1021/es203446wSearch in Google Scholar

10. Bremle G, Larsson P. PCB in the air during landfilling of a contaminated lake sediment. Atmos Environ 1998;32:1011–9.10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00343-9Search in Google Scholar

11. Hermanson MH, Scholten CA, Compher K. Variable air temperature response of gas-phase atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls near a former manufacturing facility. Environ Sci Technol 2003;37:4038–42.10.1021/es030332eSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Ritter R, Scheringer M, MacLeod M, Moeckel C, Jones KC, et al. Intrinsic human elimination half-lives of polychlorinated biphenyls derived from the temporal evolution of cross-sectional biomonitoring data from the United Kingdom. Environ Health Perspect 2011;119:225–31.10.1289/ehp.1002211Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

13. James MO. Polychlorinated biphenyls: metabolism and metabolites. In: Robertson LW, Hansen LG, editors. PCBs: recent advances in environmental toxicology and health effects. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky, 2001:35–46.Search in Google Scholar

14. Hu X, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Lehmler H-J, Hu D, Kania-Korwell I, et al. Time course of congener uptake and elimination in rats after short-term inhalation exposure to an airborne polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture. Environ Sci Technol 2010;44:6893–900.10.1021/es101274bSearch in Google Scholar

15. Hu X, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Thorne PS. The fate of inhaled ¹⁴C-labeled PCB11 and its metabolites in vivo. Environ Int 2004;63:92–100.10.1016/j.envint.2013.10.017Search in Google Scholar

16. Letcher RJ, Klasson-Wehler E, Bergman Å. Methyl sulfone and hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. In: Paasivirta J, editor. The handbook of environmental chemistryVol. 3 PartK. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 2000.Search in Google Scholar

17. Matthews HB, Tuey DB. The effect of chlorine position on the distribution and excretion of four hexachlorobiphenyl isomers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1980;53:377–88.10.1016/0041-008X(80)90351-8Search in Google Scholar

18. Johnson CD, Balagurunatham Y, Tadesse MG, Falahatpisheh MH, Brun M, et al. Unraveling gene-gene interactions regulated by ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Environ Health Perspect 2004;112:403–12.10.1289/ehp.6758Search in Google Scholar

19. Vezina CM, Walker NJ, Olson JR. Subchronic exposure to TCDD, PeCDF, PCB126, and PCB153: effect on hepatic gene expression. Environ Health Perspect 2004;112:1636–44.10.1289/ehp.7253Search in Google Scholar

20. Maier MSV, Legare ME, Hanneman WH. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist 3,3’,4,4’,5-pentachlorobiphenyl induces distinct patterns of gene expression between hepatoma and glioma cells: chromatin remodeling as a mechanism for selective effects. NeuroToxicology 2007;28:594–612.10.1016/j.neuro.2007.01.002Search in Google Scholar

21. DeCaprio AP, Johnson GW, Tarbell AM, Carpenter DO, Chiarenzelli JR, et al. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) ecposure assessment by multivariate statistical analysis of serum congener profiles in an adult Native American population. Environ Res 2005;98:284–302.10.1016/j.envres.2004.09.004Search in Google Scholar

22. Herrick RF, Meeker JD, Altshul L. Serum PCB and congener profiles among teachers in PCB-containing schools: a pilot study. BMC Environ Health 2011;10: 56. Available at: http://www.ehjournal.net/content/10/1/56.10.1186/1476-069X-10-56Search in Google Scholar

23. Meyer HW, Frederiksen M, Göen T, Ebbehøj NE, Gunnarsen L, et al. Plasma polychlorinated biphenyls in residents of 91 PCB-contaminated and 108 non-contaminated dwellings – an exposure study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2013;216:755–62.10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.02.008Search in Google Scholar

24. Lauby-Sectretan B, Loomis D, Grosse Y, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, et al. Carcinogenicity of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls. Lancet Oncol 2013;14:287. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70104-9.10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70104-9Search in Google Scholar

25. Carpenter DO. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): routes of exposure and effects on human health. Rev Environ Health 2006;21:1–24.10.1515/REVEH.2006.21.1.1Search in Google Scholar PubMed

26. van der Plas SA, Sundberg H, van den Berg H, Scheu G, Wester P, et al. Contribution of planar (0-1 ortho) and nonplanar (2-4 ortho) fractions of aroclor 1260 to the induction of altered hepatic foci in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2000;169:255–68.10.1006/taap.2000.9058Search in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Sandal S, Yilmaz B, Carpenter DO. Genotoxic effects of PCB 52 and PCB 77 on cultured human peripheral lymphocytes. Mutation Res 2008;654:88–92.10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.05.005Search in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Yilmaz B, Sandal S, Carpenter DO. PCB 9 exposure induces endothelial cell death while increasing intracellular calcium and ROS levels. Environ Toxicol 2010;27:185–91.10.1002/tox.20676Search in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Zhu Y, Mapuskar KA, Marek RF, Xu W, Lehmler HJ, et al. A new player in environmentally induces oxidative stress: polychlorinated biphenyl congener, 3,3’-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB11). Toxicol Sci 2013;136:39–50.10.1093/toxsci/kft186Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

30. Ludewig G, Lehmann L, Esch H, Robertson LW. Metabolic activation of PCBs to carcinogens in vivo – a review. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2008;25:241–6.10.1016/j.etap.2007.10.029Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

31. Tan Y, Chen C-H, Lawrence D, Carpenter DO. Ortho-substituted PCBs kill cells by altering membrane structure. Toxicol Sci 2004;80:54–9.10.1093/toxsci/kfh119Search in Google Scholar PubMed

32. Mayes BA, McConnell EE, Neal BH, Brunner MJ, Hamilton SB, et al. Comparative carcinogenicity in Sprague-Dawley rats of the polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures Aroclors 1016, 1242, 1254, and 1260. Toxicol Sci 1998;41:62–76.Search in Google Scholar

33. Vansell NR, Muppidi JR, Habeebu SM, Klaassen CD. Promotion of thyroid tumors in rats by pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB). Toxicol Sci 2004;81:50–9.10.1093/toxsci/kfh197Search in Google Scholar PubMed

34. Greenland S, Salvan A, Wegman DH, Hallock MF, Smith TJ. A case-control study of cancer mortality at a transformer-assembly facility. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1994;66:49–54.10.1007/BF00386579Search in Google Scholar PubMed

35. Nakanishi Y, Bai F, Takayama K, Pei XH, Inoue K, et al. Effect of PCBs on mouse lung tumorigenesis induced by 1-nitorpyrene: a preliminary report. Fukuoka igaku zasshi=Kukuoka acta medica 1999;90:231–7.Search in Google Scholar

36. Robertson LW, Ludewig G. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) carcinogenicity with special emphasis on airborne PCBs. Gefahrst Reinhalt Luft 2011;71:25–32.Search in Google Scholar

37. Maddox C, Wang B, Kirby PA, Wang K, Ludewig G. Mutagenicity of 3-methylcholantrene, PCB3, and 4-OH-PCB3 in the lung of transgenic BigBlue® rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2008;25:260–6.10.1016/j.etap.2007.10.021Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

38. Xie W, Wang K, Robertson LW, Ludewig G. Investigation of mechanism(s) of DNA damage induced by 4-monochlorobiphenyl (PCB3) metabolites. Environ Int 2010;36:950–61.10.1016/j.envint.2009.12.004Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

39. Sergeev AV, Carpenter DO. Hospitalization rates for coronary heart disease in relation to residence near areas contaminated with persistent organic pollutants and other pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 2005;113:756–61.10.1289/ehp.7595Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

40. Shcherbatykh I, Huang X, Lessner L, Carpenter DO. Hazardous waste sites and stroke in New York State. BMC Environ Health 2005;4:18. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4133069.10.1186/1476-069X-4-18Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

41. Goncharov A, Haase RF, Santiago-Rivera A, Morse G; Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment, McCaffrey RJ, et al. High serum PCBs are associated with elevation of serum lipids and cardiovascular disease in a Native American population. Environ Res 2008;106:226–39.10.1016/j.envres.2007.10.006Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

42. Aminov Z, Haase RF, Pavuk M, Carpenter DO, Anniston Environmental Health Research Consortium. Analysis of the effects of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated pesticides on serum lipid levels in residents of Anniston, Alabama. BMC Environ Health 2013;12:108. Available at: http://www.ehjournal.net/content/12/1/108.10.1186/1476-069X-12-108Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

43. Hennig B, Meerarani P, Slim R, Toborek M, Daugherty A, et al. Proinflammatory properties of coplanar PCBs: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2002;181:174–83.10.1006/taap.2002.9408Search in Google Scholar PubMed

44. Ha M-H, Lee D-H, Jacobs DR Jr. Association between serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and self-reported cardiovascular disease prevalence: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey, 1999–2002. Environ Health Perspect 2007;115:1204–9.10.1289/ehp.10184Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

45. Huang X, Lessner L, Carpenter DO. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants and hypertensive disease. Environ Res 2006;102:101–6.10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.011Search in Google Scholar PubMed

46. Goncharov A, Bloom M, Pavuk M, Birman I, Carpenter DO. Blood pressure and hypertension in relation to levels of serum polychlorinated biphenyls in residents of Anniston, Alabama. J Hypertens 2010;28:2053–60.10.1097/HJH.0b013e32833c5f3eSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

47. Goncharov A, Pavuk M, Foushee HR, Carpenter DO. Blood pressure in relation to concentrations of PCB congeners and chlorinated pesticides. Environ Health Perspect 2011;119:319–25.10.1289/ehp.1002830Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

48. Everett CJ, Mainous AG III, Frithsen IL, Player MS, Matheson EM. Association of polychlorinated biphenyls with hypertension in the 1999–2002 national health and nutrition examination survey. Environ Res 2008;108:94–7.10.1016/j.envres.2008.05.006Search in Google Scholar PubMed

49. Ha M-H, Lee D-H, Son H-K, Park S-K, Jacobs DR Jr. Association between serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and prevalence of newly diagnosed hypertention: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999–2002. J Hum Hypertens 2009;23:274–86.10.1038/jhh.2008.124Search in Google Scholar PubMed

50. Kouznetsova M, Huang X, Jing M, Lessner L, Carpenter DO. Increased rate of hospitalization for diabetes and residential proximity of hazardous waste sites. Environ Health Perspect 2007;115:75–9.10.1289/ehp.9223Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

51. Codru N, Schymura MJ, Negoita S; The Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment, Rej R, Carpenter DO. Diabetes in relation to serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated pesticides in adult Native Americans. Environ Health Perspect 2007;115:1442–7.10.1289/ehp.10315Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

52. Aminov Z, Haase R, Rej R, Schymura MJ, Santiago-Rivera A, et al. Low chlorinated, non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls are strongly associated with elevated prevalence of diabetes in a Native American population. Submitted.Search in Google Scholar

53. Newman J, Aucompaugh AG, Schell LM, Denham M, DeCaprio AP, et al. PCBs and cognitive functioning of Mohawk adolescents. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2006;28:439–45.10.1016/j.ntt.2006.03.001Search in Google Scholar PubMed

54. Haase RF, McCaffrey RJ, Santiago-Rivera AL, Morse GS, Tarbell A. Evidence of an age-related threshold effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on neuropsychological functioning in a Native American population. Environ Res 2009;109:73–85.10.1016/j.envres.2008.10.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

55. Seegal RF. Neurochemical effects of polychlorinated biphenyls: a selective review of the current state of knowledge. In: Robertson LW, Hansen LG, editors. PCBs: recent advances in environmental toxicology and health effects. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky, 2001:241–55.Search in Google Scholar

56. Fitzgerald EF, Belanger EE, Gomez MI, Cayo M, McCaffrey RJ, et al. Polychlorinated biphenyl exposure and neuropsychological status among older residents of upper Hudson River communities. Environ Health Perspect 2008;116:209–15.10.1289/ehp.10432Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

57. Fitzgerald EF, Belanger EE, Gomez MI, Wilson LR, Belanger EE, et al. Environmental exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) among older residents of upper Hudson River communities. Environ Res 2007;104:352–60.10.1016/j.envres.2007.01.010Search in Google Scholar PubMed

58. Schell LM, Gallo MV, Denham M, Ravenscroft J, DeCaprio AP. Relationship of thyroid hormone levels to levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, p,p’-DDE, and other toxicants in Akwesasne Mohawk youth. Environ Health Perspect 2008;116:806–13.10.1289/ehp.10490Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

59. DeCastro BR, Korrick SA, Spengler JD, Soto AM. Estrogenic activity of polychlorinated biphenyls present in human tissue and the environment. Environ Sci Technol 2006;40:2819–25.10.1021/es051667uSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

60. Schell LM, Gallo MV. Relationships of putative endocrine disruptors to human sexual maturation and thyroid activity in youth. Physiol Behav 2010;99:246.10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.09.015Search in Google Scholar

61. Goncharov A, Rej R, Negoita S, Schymura M, Santiago-Rivera A, et al. Lower serum testosterone associated with elevated polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in Native American men. Environ Health Perspect 2009;117:1454–60.10.1289/ehp.0800134Search in Google Scholar

62. Schell LM, Gallo MV, Deane GD, Nelder KR, DeCaprio AP, et al. Relationships of polychlorinated biphenyls and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p’-DDE) with testosterone levels in adolescent males. Environ Health Perspect 2014;122: 304–9.10.1289/ehp.1205984Search in Google Scholar

63. Dallaire F, Dewailly É, Vézina C, Muckle G, Weber JP, et al. Effect of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on incidence of acute respiratory infections in preschool Inuit children. Environ Health Perspect 2006;114:1301–5.10.1289/ehp.8683Search in Google Scholar

64. Ma J, Kouznetsova M, Lessner L, Carpenter DO. Asthma and infectious respiratory disease in children – correlation to residence near hazardous waste sites. Paediatr Respirat Rev 2007;8:292–8.10.1016/j.prrv.2007.07.009Search in Google Scholar

65. Hansen S, Strøm M, Olsen SF, Maslova E, Rantakokko P, et al. Maternal concentrations of persistent organochlorine pollutants and the risk of asthma in offspring: results from a prospective cohort with 20 years of follow-up. Environ Health Perspect 2014;122:93–9.10.1289/ehp.1206397Search in Google Scholar

66. Baibergenova A, Kudyakov R, Zdeb M, Carpenter DO. Low birth weight and residential proximity to PCB-contaminated waste sites. Environ Health Perspect 2003;111:1352–7.10.1289/ehp.6053Search in Google Scholar

67. Govarts E, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Schoeters G, Ballester F, Bloemen K, et al. Birth weight and prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE): a meta-analysis within 12 European birth cohorts. Environ Health Perspect 2012;120:162–70.10.1289/ehp.1103767Search in Google Scholar

68. Carpenter DO, Hussain RJ, Berger DF, Lombardo JP, Park H-Y. Electrophysiologic and behavioral effects of perinatal and acute exposure of rats to lead and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ Health Perspect 2002;110:377–86.10.1289/ehp.02110s3377Search in Google Scholar

69. Gabrio T, Piechotowski I, Wallenhorst T, Klett M, Cott L, et al. PCB-blood levels in teachers, working in PCB-contaminated schools. Chemosphere 2000;40:1055–62.10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00353-7Search in Google Scholar

70. Schwenk M, Gabrio T, Päpke O, Wallenhorst T. Human biomonitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans in teachers working in a PCB-contaminated school. Chemosphere 2002;47:229–33.10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00307-1Search in Google Scholar

71. Johansson N, Hanberg A, Wingfors H, Tysklind M. PCB in building sealant is influencing PCB levels in blood of residents. Organohalogen Compounds 2003;63:381–4.Search in Google Scholar

72. Herrick RF, McClean MD, Meeker JD, Baxter LK, Weymouth GA. An unrecognized source of PCB contamination in schools and other buildings. Environ Health Perspect 2004;112:1051–3.10.1289/ehp.6912Search in Google Scholar

73. Kohler M, Tremp J, Zennegg M, Seiler C, Minder-Kohler S, et al. Joint sealants: an overlooked diffuse source of polychlorinated biphenyls in buildings. Environ Sci Technol 2005;39:1967–73.10.1021/es048632zSearch in Google Scholar

74. Wingfors H, Seldén AI, Nilsson C, Haglund P. Identification of markers for PCB exposure in plasma from Swedish construction workers removing old elastic sealants. Am Occup Hyg 2006;50:65–73.10.1093/annhyg/mei063Search in Google Scholar

75. Broding HC, Schettgen T, Göen T, Angerer J, Drexler H. Development and verification of a toxicokinetic model of polychlorinated biphenyl elimination in persons working in a contaminated building. Chemosphere 2007;68:1427–34.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.014Search in Google Scholar

76. Ruokojarvi P, Marjaleena M, Ruuskanen J. Toxic chlorinated and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in simulated house fires. Chemosphere 2000;41:825–8.10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00549-4Search in Google Scholar

77. Hsu Y-K, Holsen TM, Hopke PK. Locating and quantifying PCB sources in Chicago: receptor modeling and field sampling. Environ Sci Technol 2003;37:681–90.10.1021/es025531xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

78. Hu D, Hornbuckle KC. Inadvertent polychlorinated biphenyls in commercial paint pigments. Environ Sci Technol 2010;44:2822–7.10.1021/es902413kSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

79. Persoon C, Peters TM, Kumar N, Hornbuckle KC. Spatial distribution of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls in Cleveland, OH and Chicago, IL. Environ Sci Technol 2010;44:2797–802.10.1021/es901691sSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

80. Lehmann GM, Christensen K, Maddaloni M, Philips LJ. Evaluating health risks from inhaled polychlorinated biphenyls: research needs for addressing uncertainty. Environ Health Perspect 2015;123:109–13.10.1289/ehp.1408564Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central