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Influence of different surface treatment techniques on properties of rice husk incorporated polymer composites

  • Obinna Emmanuel Ezenkwa

    Obinna Ezenkwa is a doctoral researcher in the Enhanced Polymer Engineering Group (EnPro), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. His research interest borders on surface modification of reinforcing fibers for polymer bio composites and nanocomposites fabrication for high tech applications. He obtained a B.Engr. from Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria in 2007 and a MSc degree from Cranfield University, England, in 2014. He is a lecturer at Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria.

    , Azman Hassan

    Azman Hassan is a Professor in the School of Chemical and Energy Engineering and a Research Fellow at Centre for Advanced Composites Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He received his PhD from Loughborough University, UK, in 1997. His area of research interests includes flame retardant polymers, cellulose nanowhiskers, PVC technology, graphene, polymer blends, natural fiber composites, nanocomposites, and toughened polymers.

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    and Sani Amril Samsudin

    Sani Amril Samsudin is a senior lecturer in the Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), and associate head of the Enhanced Polymer Research Group (EnPRO, UTM). He obtained his Master’s degree in Polymer Engineering in 2002 at UTM and a PhD in Metallurgy and Materials from the University of Birmingham (UoB) in 2010. His research is devoted to the characterization of a wide variety of polymeric materials, including materials formulation research with composites, nanocomposites, and additives.

Published/Copyright: February 24, 2020
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Abstract

Rice husk natural fiber remains a highly abundant, eco-friendly and low-cost reinforcement filler for plastic composites fabrication. Hampered by its low aspect ratio and incompatibility with non-polar polymers, its utilization in reinforcing polymer composites often results in decreased composite properties such as decreased tensile strength, impact strength, percentage elongation, and flexural strength. However, stiffness increases. Various surface treatment techniques such as mercerization, compatibilization, acetylation, electron beam irradiation and plasma surface modification have been employed to improve its compatibility with non-polar matrix polymers. This article critically reviews the influence of these surface modification techniques on the resulting composite properties. Based on the analysis of reinforcing efficiencies of these techniques, their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, the authors, therefore, project plasma treatment as the most efficient and eco-friendly technique with prospects for high technological application of rice husk plastic composites.

About the authors

Obinna Emmanuel Ezenkwa

Obinna Ezenkwa is a doctoral researcher in the Enhanced Polymer Engineering Group (EnPro), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. His research interest borders on surface modification of reinforcing fibers for polymer bio composites and nanocomposites fabrication for high tech applications. He obtained a B.Engr. from Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria in 2007 and a MSc degree from Cranfield University, England, in 2014. He is a lecturer at Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria.

Azman Hassan

Azman Hassan is a Professor in the School of Chemical and Energy Engineering and a Research Fellow at Centre for Advanced Composites Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He received his PhD from Loughborough University, UK, in 1997. His area of research interests includes flame retardant polymers, cellulose nanowhiskers, PVC technology, graphene, polymer blends, natural fiber composites, nanocomposites, and toughened polymers.

Sani Amril Samsudin

Sani Amril Samsudin is a senior lecturer in the Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), and associate head of the Enhanced Polymer Research Group (EnPRO, UTM). He obtained his Master’s degree in Polymer Engineering in 2002 at UTM and a PhD in Metallurgy and Materials from the University of Birmingham (UoB) in 2010. His research is devoted to the characterization of a wide variety of polymeric materials, including materials formulation research with composites, nanocomposites, and additives.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) for their financial and research support through UTM-TDR 19.2 (Q.J130000.3551.07G24) and FRGS (R.J13000.7851.5F002) grants.

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Received: 2019-05-24
Accepted: 2019-12-09
Published Online: 2020-02-24
Published in Print: 2021-11-25

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