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A review of electrocoagulation technology for the treatment of textile wastewater

  • Ahmed Samir Naje

    Ahmed Samir Naje did his undergraduate study in Civil Engineering at the Babylon University and received his M.Sc.Eng. in Environmental Engineering from the same university. He was appointed as a senior lecturer at the Al-Muthana University from 2008 to 2013. He is a PhD candidate at UTM, and his research is on electrocoagulation using new configuration electrodes. He has published more than six papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a reviewer for reputable journals since 2016.

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    , Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan

    Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan did his undergraduate study in Chemical Engineering at University Technology Malaysia (1995). He received his M.Eng.Sc. in Environmental Engineering at University Technology Malaysia (1995). He received his PhD from University of Newcastle, UK (2006). He is an associate professor at Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He has published more than 31 papers in reputed journals.

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    , Zuriati Zakaria

    Zuriati Zakaria did her undergraduate study in Chemical Engineering at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (1973). She received her M.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from Mahidol Univeristy, Thailand (1975). She received her PhD from University of East Anglia, England (1978). She is a professor at the Malaysia-Japan Institute, UTM Malaysia. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

    , Mohammed A. Ajeel

    Mohammed A. Ajeel did his undergraduate and MSc studies in Chemical Engineering at the University of Baghdad. He received his PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Malaya. From 1993 to 2003 he worked as an engineer in an electroplating workshop. Since 2013 he has been a research assistant at the University of Malaya. His research interests lie in electrochemical wastewater treatment and electrode preparation. He has published more than seven papers in reputed journals.

    and Peter Adeniyi Alaba

    Peter Adeniyi Alaba did his undergraduate study in Chemical Engineering at the Federal University of Technology Minna. He received his M.Eng.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Malaya. Since 2013 he has been a research assistant at the University of Malaya. His research interests lie in rational design of tailored solid acid catalysts for efficient green energy production. He has published more than 11 papers in reputed journals.

Published/Copyright: November 12, 2016
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Abstract

The conventional coagulation technique of textile wastewater treatments is plagued with the issue of low removal rate of pollutants and generation of a large quantity of sludge. Recently, electrocoagulation (EC) technique gained immense attention due to its efficiency. The technique involves dissolution of the sacrificial anodes to provide an active metal hydroxide as a strong coagulant that destabilizes and amasses particles and then removes them by precipitation or adsorption. EC process is influenced by operating parameters such as applied current density, electrodes material and configuration, type of electrical connection, pH and conductivity of the solution, and mixing state. Consequently, this work reviewed the major and minor reactions of EC process with operational parameters, design of EC cell, mass transfer studies and modeling, and industrial wastewater applications. The work also includes comparison of EC technique with conventional coagulation and combinations with other techniques. Special emphasis is on removal of pollutants from textile wastewater. Further, the electrical energy supplies and cost analysis are also discussed. Even though several publications have covered EC process recently, no review work has treated the systematic process design and how to minimize the effect of passivation layer deposited on the surface of the electrodes. EC process with rotating electrodes has been recommended to reduce this phenomenon. The effect of electrodes geometry is considered to enhance the conductivity of the cell and reduce energy consumption. The studies of ionic mass transfer were not implemented before special by limiting current method during the EC process. Moreover, no aforementioned studies used computational fluid dynamics modeling to present the mass transfer inside the EC reactor.

About the authors

Ahmed Samir Naje

Ahmed Samir Naje did his undergraduate study in Civil Engineering at the Babylon University and received his M.Sc.Eng. in Environmental Engineering from the same university. He was appointed as a senior lecturer at the Al-Muthana University from 2008 to 2013. He is a PhD candidate at UTM, and his research is on electrocoagulation using new configuration electrodes. He has published more than six papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a reviewer for reputable journals since 2016.

Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan

Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan did his undergraduate study in Chemical Engineering at University Technology Malaysia (1995). He received his M.Eng.Sc. in Environmental Engineering at University Technology Malaysia (1995). He received his PhD from University of Newcastle, UK (2006). He is an associate professor at Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He has published more than 31 papers in reputed journals.

Zuriati Zakaria

Zuriati Zakaria did her undergraduate study in Chemical Engineering at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (1973). She received her M.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from Mahidol Univeristy, Thailand (1975). She received her PhD from University of East Anglia, England (1978). She is a professor at the Malaysia-Japan Institute, UTM Malaysia. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Mohammed A. Ajeel

Mohammed A. Ajeel did his undergraduate and MSc studies in Chemical Engineering at the University of Baghdad. He received his PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Malaya. From 1993 to 2003 he worked as an engineer in an electroplating workshop. Since 2013 he has been a research assistant at the University of Malaya. His research interests lie in electrochemical wastewater treatment and electrode preparation. He has published more than seven papers in reputed journals.

Peter Adeniyi Alaba

Peter Adeniyi Alaba did his undergraduate study in Chemical Engineering at the Federal University of Technology Minna. He received his M.Eng.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Malaya. Since 2013 he has been a research assistant at the University of Malaya. His research interests lie in rational design of tailored solid acid catalysts for efficient green energy production. He has published more than 11 papers in reputed journals.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Al-MuthanaUniversity. We also thank Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Ministry of Higher Education of Iraq for funding this research under a PhD scholarship fund.

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Received: 2016-4-22
Accepted: 2016-8-26
Published Online: 2016-11-12
Published in Print: 2017-5-24

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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