Home A critical review on heat transfer in trickle bed reactors
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

A critical review on heat transfer in trickle bed reactors

  • María J. Taulamet

    María J. Taulamet is an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. She holds a fellowship from CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina) at CINDECA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco”) to develop her PhD program at UNLP. She received a BSc degree (“Ingeniero Químico”) from the UNLP. Her research areas include heat and mass transfer, catalytic kinetics, and modeling and simulation of chemical reactors.

    , Néstor J. Mariani

    Néstor J. Mariani is a full Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. He is also a research member of CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina) at CINDECA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco”). He received a BSc degree (“Ingeniero Químico”) and a PhD diploma from the UNLP. His major research areas include heat and mass transfer and modeling and simulation of chemical reactors. Professor Mariani has published more than 30 articles in peer-reviewed journals and he has also participated in numerous conferences and technical reports to industrial companies.

    , Guillermo F. Barreto

    Guillermo F. Barreto is a full Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. He is also a research member of CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina) at CINDECA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco”). He received a BSc degree (“Ingeniero Químico”) from the UNLP and his PhD from the University of London, UK, in 1984. His research interests include modeling and simulation of chemical reactors, catalytic kinetics, and heat and mass transfer. Professor Barreto has more than 90 publications in refereed journals, numerous contributions in conferences, and technical reports to industrial companies.

    and Osvaldo M. Martínez

    Osvaldo M. Martínez received a BSc degree in Chemical Engineering from the National University of La Plata, Argentina, in 1977. He obtained the Diplome de Recherche Universitaire (DRU) from Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, France, in 1989. His major interests are heat transfer in packed beds, analysis and simulation of trickle bed reactors, modeling of packed-bed reactors, removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air streams, and selective hydrogenation. At present, he is a researcher of CONICET (Argentina) and a full professor in the Chemical Engineering Department at the National University of La Plata.

    EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: March 18, 2015
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

A critical review of the available information about heat transfer between a packed bed with cocurrent downflow of gas and liquid and an external medium was undertaken. Several aspects such as experimental set-ups and methods employed to study heat transfer in trickle bed reactors, models used to interpret experimental data, and literature correlations of heat transfer parameters are addressed. From the analysis of the available experimental information, a refined database has been built, which allows comparing the performance of the existing correlations for the parameters of the extensively employed two-dimensional pseudohomogeneous plug flow model (i.e., effective radial thermal conductivity and wall heat transfer coefficient). In addition, new correlations for effective thermal conductivity have been developed. Identification of gaps in the current knowledge and recommendations for future works are summarized.


Corresponding author: Osvaldo M. Martínez, Facultad de Ingeniería, PROIRQ, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina, e-mail: ; and Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas “Dr. J. J. Ronco” (CINDECA), CCT La Plata-CONICET-UNLP, calle 47 No. 257, CP B1900AJK, La Plata, Argentina

About the authors

María J. Taulamet

María J. Taulamet is an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. She holds a fellowship from CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina) at CINDECA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco”) to develop her PhD program at UNLP. She received a BSc degree (“Ingeniero Químico”) from the UNLP. Her research areas include heat and mass transfer, catalytic kinetics, and modeling and simulation of chemical reactors.

Néstor J. Mariani

Néstor J. Mariani is a full Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. He is also a research member of CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina) at CINDECA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco”). He received a BSc degree (“Ingeniero Químico”) and a PhD diploma from the UNLP. His major research areas include heat and mass transfer and modeling and simulation of chemical reactors. Professor Mariani has published more than 30 articles in peer-reviewed journals and he has also participated in numerous conferences and technical reports to industrial companies.

Guillermo F. Barreto

Guillermo F. Barreto is a full Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. He is also a research member of CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina) at CINDECA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco”). He received a BSc degree (“Ingeniero Químico”) from the UNLP and his PhD from the University of London, UK, in 1984. His research interests include modeling and simulation of chemical reactors, catalytic kinetics, and heat and mass transfer. Professor Barreto has more than 90 publications in refereed journals, numerous contributions in conferences, and technical reports to industrial companies.

Osvaldo M. Martínez

Osvaldo M. Martínez received a BSc degree in Chemical Engineering from the National University of La Plata, Argentina, in 1977. He obtained the Diplome de Recherche Universitaire (DRU) from Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, France, in 1989. His major interests are heat transfer in packed beds, analysis and simulation of trickle bed reactors, modeling of packed-bed reactors, removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air streams, and selective hydrogenation. At present, he is a researcher of CONICET (Argentina) and a full professor in the Chemical Engineering Department at the National University of La Plata.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the following Argentine institutions for financial support: ANPCyT-SECyT (PICT 1641), CONICET (PIP 0304), and UNLP (PID 11/I177). N.J.M., O.M.M., and G.F.B. are research members of CONICET and M.J.T. holds a fellowship from CONICET.

References

Al-Dahhan MH, Larachi F, Dudukovic MP, Laurent A. High-pressure trickle-bed reactors: a review. Ind Eng Chem Res 1997; 36: 3292–3314.10.1021/ie9700829Search in Google Scholar

Ancheyta J. Modeling and simulation of catalytic reactors for petroleum refining. New Jersey: J. Wiley & Sons Inc. 2011.10.1002/9780470933565Search in Google Scholar

Asensio DA, Zambon MT, Mazza GD, Barreto GF. Heterogeneous two-region model for low-aspect ratio fixed-bed catalytic reactors. Analysis of fluid-convective contributions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014; 53: 3587–3605.10.1021/ie403219qSearch in Google Scholar

Babu BV, Rao VG. Thermal resistance models for effective heat transfer parameters in trickle bed reactors. Proceedings of Sixth International Symposium on Catalysis in Multiphase Reactors (CAMURE-6) and fifth International Symposium on Multifunctional Reactors (ISMR-5). NCL-Pune, January 14, 2007.Search in Google Scholar

Babu BV, Sastry KKN. Estimation of heat transfer parameters in a trickle-bed reactor using differential evolution and orthogonal collocation. Comp Chem Eng 1999; 23: 327–339.10.1016/S0098-1354(98)00277-4Search in Google Scholar

Babu BV, Shah KJ, Rao VG. Lateral mixing in trickle bed reactors. Chem Eng Sci 2007; 62: 7053–7059.10.1016/j.ces.2007.08.042Search in Google Scholar

Bandari MR, Behjat Y, Shahhosseini S. CFD investigation of hydrodynamic and heat transfer phenomena around trilobe particles in hydrocracking reactor. Int J Chem React Eng 2012; 10.10.1515/1542-6580.2917Search in Google Scholar

Bauer R, Schlünder EU. Effective radial thermal conductivity of packings in gas flow. Part II: thermal conductivity of the packing fraction without gas flow. Int Chem Eng 1978a; 18: 189–204.Search in Google Scholar

Bauer R, Schlünder EU. Effective radial thermal conductivity of packings in gas flow. Part I: convective transport coefficient. Int Chem Eng 1978b; 18: 181–188.Search in Google Scholar

Boelhouwer JG, Piepers HW, Drinkenburg AAH. Particle-liquid heat transfer in trickle-bed reactors. Chem Eng Sci 2001; 56: 1181–1187.10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00338-9Search in Google Scholar

Borkink JGH, Westerterp KR. Determination of effective heat transport coefficients for wall-cooled packed bed. Chem Eng Sci 1992; 47: 2337–2342.10.1016/0009-2509(92)87057-WSearch in Google Scholar

Borremans D, Rode S, Carré P, Wild G. The influence of the periodic operation on the effective radial thermal conductivity in trickle bed reactors. Can J Chem Eng 2003; 81: 795–801.10.1002/cjce.5450810361Search in Google Scholar

Bressa SP, Ardiaca NO, Martínez OM, Barreto GF. Analysis of operating variables in the catalitic purification of 1-butane in a trickle-bed. Chin J Chem Eng 1998; 6: 103–115.Search in Google Scholar

Chu CF, Ng KM. Effective thermal conductivity in trickle-bed reactors: application of effective medium theory and random walk analysis. Chem Eng Commun 1985; 37: 127–140.10.1080/00986448508911276Search in Google Scholar

Colli Serrano MT. Hydrodynamique et transfert de chaleur dans un reacteur fi lit fixe gaz-liquide-solide. PhD dissertation in French: Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, 1993.Search in Google Scholar

Crine M. Heat transfer phenomena in trickle-bed reactors. Chem Eng Commun 1982; 19: 99–114.10.1080/00986448208956332Search in Google Scholar

Dixon A. Thermal resistance models of packed-bed effective heat transfer parameters. AIChE J 1985; 31: 826–834.10.1002/aic.690310519Search in Google Scholar

Dixon AG. Fixed bed catalytic reactor modeling – the radial heat transfer problem. Can J Chem Eng 2012; 90: 505–527.10.1002/cjce.21630Search in Google Scholar

Dudukovic MP, Larachi F, Mills PL. Multiphase reactors – revisited. Chem Eng Sci 1999; 54: 1975–1995.10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00367-4Search in Google Scholar

Gianetto A, Specchia V. Trickle-bed reactors: state of art and perspectives. Chem Eng Sci 1992; 47: 3197–3213.10.1016/0009-2509(92)85029-BSearch in Google Scholar

Grosser K, Carbonell RG, Cavero A, Sáez AE. Lateral thermal dispersion in gas-liquid cocurrent downflow through packed beds. AIChE J 1996; 42: 2977–2983.10.1002/aic.690421025Search in Google Scholar

Hashimoto K, Murayoma K, Nagata S, Fujiyoshi K. Effective radial thermal conductivity in concurrent flow of gas and liquid through packed bed. Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu 1976; 2: 53–59.10.1252/kakoronbunshu.2.53Search in Google Scholar

Heidari A, Hashemabadi SH. Numerical evaluation of the gas-liquid interfacial heat transfer in the trickle flow regime of packed beds at the micro and meso-scale. Chem Eng Sci 2013; 104: 674–689.10.1016/j.ces.2013.09.048Search in Google Scholar

Jess A, Kern C. Influence of particle size and single-tube diameter on thermal behavior of Fischer-Tropsch reactors. Chem Eng Technol 2012; 35: 379–386.10.1002/ceat.201100616Search in Google Scholar

Joubert R, Nicol W. Multiplicity behavior of trickle flow liquid-solid mass transfer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009; 48: 8387–8392.10.1021/ie9002552Search in Google Scholar

Krishna R, Sie ST. Fundamentals and selection of advanced Fischer-Tropsch reactors. Appl Catal A 1999; 186: 55–70.10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00164-7Search in Google Scholar

Lamine AS, Gerth L, Le Gall H, Wild G. Heat transfer in a packed bed reactor with cocurrent downflow of a gas and a liquid. Chem Eng Sci 1996; 51: 3813–3827.10.1016/0009-2509(96)00228-XSearch in Google Scholar

Larachi F, Belfares L, Iliuta I, Grandjean BPA. Heat and mass transfer in cocurrent gas-liquid packed beds. Analysis, recommendations, and new correlations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2003; 42: 222–242.10.1021/ie020416gSearch in Google Scholar

Larachi F, Laurent A, Midouxo N, Wild G. Experimental study of a trickle-bed reactor operating at high pressure drop and liquid saturation. Chem Eng Sci 1991; 46: 1233–1246.10.1016/0009-2509(91)85051-XSearch in Google Scholar

Larachi F, Laurent A, Wild G, Midoux N. Effet de la pression sur la transition ruisselant-pulsé dans le réacteurs catalitiques à lit fixe arrosé. Can J Chem Eng 1993; 71: 319–321.10.1002/cjce.5450710219Search in Google Scholar

Lemcoff NO, Pereira Duarte SI, Martínez OM. Heat transfer in packed beds. Rev Chem Eng 1990; 6: 229–292.Search in Google Scholar

Levec J, Pintar A. Catalytic oxidation of aqueous solutions of organics. An effective method for removal of toxic pollutants from waste waters. Catal Today 1995; 24: 51–58.10.1016/0920-5861(95)00006-2Search in Google Scholar

Loudon D, van der Merwe W, Nicol W. Multiple hydrodynamic states in trickle flow: quantifying the extent of pressure drop, liquid holdup and gas-liquid mass transfer variation. Chem Eng Sci 2006; 61: 7551–7562.10.1016/j.ces.2006.08.042Search in Google Scholar

Marcandelli C, Wild G, Lamine AS, Bernard JR. Measurement of local particle-fluid heat transfer coefficient in trickle-bed reactors. Chem Eng Sci 1999; 54: 4997–5002.10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00223-7Search in Google Scholar

Mariani NJ. Transferencia de calor en sistemas multifásicos. PhD Dissertation in Spanish: Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 2000.Search in Google Scholar

Mariani NJ, Martínez OM, Barreto GF. Evaluation of heat transfer parameters in packed beds with cocurrent downflow of liquid and gas. Chem Eng Sci 2001; 56: 5995–6001.10.1016/S0009-2509(01)00225-1Search in Google Scholar

Mariani NJ, Martínez OM, Barreto GF. Experimental evaluation of the wall effect on liquid distribution in trickle beds. Proceedings of ENPROMER 2005, Paper No 0173, 4th Mercosur Congress on Process Systems Engineering and 2nd Mercosur Congress on Chemical Engineering, Río das Pedras: Río de Janeiro, Brazil, 2005.Search in Google Scholar

Mariani NJ, Mazza GD, Martínez OM, Barreto GF. The distribution of particles in cylindrical packed beds. Trends Heat Mass Momentum Transfer 1998; 4: 95–114.Search in Google Scholar

Mariani NJ, Mazza GD, Martínez OM, Cukierman AL, Barreto GF. On the influence of liquid distribution on heat transfer parameters in trickle bed systems. Can J Chem Eng 2003; 81: 814–820.10.1002/cjce.5450810364Search in Google Scholar

Mariani NJ, Salvat WI, Campesi MA, Barreto GF, Martínez OM. Evaluation of structural properties of cylindrical packed beds using numerical simulations and tomographic experiments. Int J Chem React Eng 2009; 7: 1–18.10.2202/1542-6580.2068Search in Google Scholar

Martínez OM, Casanello MC, Cukierman AL. Three-phase fixed bed catalytic reactors: application to hydrotreatment processes. Trends Chem Eng 1994; 2: 393–453.Search in Google Scholar

Mary G, Chaouki J, Luck F. Trickle-bed laboratory reactors for kinetic studies. Int J Chem React Eng 2009; 7: 1–70.10.2202/1542-6580.1730Search in Google Scholar

Matsuura A, Hitaka Y, Akehata T, Shirai T. Effective radial thermal conductivity in packed beds with gas-liquid downflow. Kagaku Kogaku Rombunshu 1979a; 5: 269–274.10.1252/kakoronbunshu.5.269Search in Google Scholar

Matsuura A, Hitaka Y, Akehata T, Shirai T. Apparent wall heat transfer coefficient in packed beds with downward concurrent gas-liquid flow. Kagaku Kogaku Rombunshu 1979b; 5: 263–268.10.1252/kakoronbunshu.5.263Search in Google Scholar

Mederos FS, Ancheyta J, Chen J. Review on criteria to ensure ideal behaviors in trickle-bed reactors. Appl Catal A 2009; 355: 1–19.10.1016/j.apcata.2008.11.018Search in Google Scholar

Mousazadeh F. Hot spot formation in trickle bed reactors. PhD Dissertation: Delft University of Technology, 2013.Search in Google Scholar

Mousazadeh F, van den Akker HHA, Mudde RF. Eulerian simulation of heat transfer in a trickle bed reactor with constant wall temperature. Chem Eng J 2012; 207–208: 675–682.10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.036Search in Google Scholar

Muroyama K, Hashimoto K, Tomita T. Heat transfer from the wall in gas-liquid concurrent packed beds. Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu 1977; 3: 612–616.10.1252/kakoronbunshu.3.612Search in Google Scholar

Nili S. Investigation of thermal conductivity of iron-silica magnetically stabilized porous structure. Master of Science Dissertation: University of Florida, 2013.Search in Google Scholar

Pinto Moreira MF. Avaliação de aspectos fluidodinâmicos e da transferência de calor em leito fixo com escoamento gás-líquido concurrente vertical. PhD Dissertation in Portuguese: Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004.Search in Google Scholar

Pinto Moreira MF, Ferreira MC, Teixeira Freire J. Evaluation of pseudohomogeneous models for heat transfer in packed beds with gas flow and gas-liquid cocurrent downflow and upflow. Chem Eng Sci 2006; 61: 2056–2068.10.1016/j.ces.2005.11.003Search in Google Scholar

Ranade VV, Chaudhari RV, Gunjal PR. Trickle bed reactors: reactor engineering & applications, Oxford, UK: Elsevier B.V., 2011.Search in Google Scholar

Ranz WE. Friction and transfer coefficients for single particles and packed beds. Chem Eng Prog 1952; 48: 247–253.Search in Google Scholar

Saroha AK, Nigam KDP. Trickle bed reactors. Rev Chem Eng 1996; 12: 207–347.Search in Google Scholar

Sokolov VN, Yablokova M. Thermal conductivity of a stationary granular bed with upward gas-liquid flow. J Appl Chem USSR (Zh. Prikl. Khim.) 1983; 56: 551–553.Search in Google Scholar

Specchia V, Baldi G. Heat transfer in trickle-bed reactors. Chem Eng Commun 1979; 3: 483–499.10.1080/00986447908935880Search in Google Scholar

Weekman V Jr, Myers J. Fluid-flow characteristics of concurrent gas-liquid flow in packed beds. AIChE J 1964; 10: 951–957.10.1002/aic.690100633Search in Google Scholar

Weekman V Jr, Myers J. Heat characteristics of concurrent gas-liquid flow in packed beds. AIChE J 1965; 11: 13–17.10.1002/aic.690110107Search in Google Scholar

Wijffels JB, Verloop J, Zuiderwerg FJ. Wetting of catalyst particles under trickle flow conditions. ACS Monograph Ser 1974; 133: 151–163.Search in Google Scholar

Yagi S, Kunii D. Studies on effective thermal conductivities in packed bed. AIChE J 1957; 3: 373–381.10.1002/aic.690030317Search in Google Scholar

Zhu X. A study of radial heat transfer in fixed bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactors. PhD Dissertation: University of the Witwatersrand, 2013.Search in Google Scholar

Zhukova TB, Pisarenko VN, Kafarov VV. Modeling and design of industrial reactors with a stationary bed of catalyst and two-phase gas-liquid flow. A review. Int Chem Eng 1990; 30: 57–102.Search in Google Scholar

Zou RP, Yu AB. Packing of spheres in a cylindrical container: the thickness effect. Chem Eng Sci 1995; 50: 1504–1150.10.1016/0009-2509(94)00483-8Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2014-10-21
Accepted: 2014-12-31
Published Online: 2015-3-18
Published in Print: 2015-4-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

Downloaded on 9.10.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/revce-2014-0050/html
Scroll to top button