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Solid-liquid mixing analysis in stirred vessels

  • Raja Shazrin Shah Raja Ehsan Shah

    Raja Shazrin Shah Raja Ehsan Shah graduated with a Chemical Engineering degree at the University of Malaya, Malaysia, in 2004 and obtained his Master’s degree from the same university in 2010. He worked in applied research for resource recovery for waste streams coming from natural rubber and palm oil industries in Malaysia, with particular emphasis on membrane technologies. In 2012, he joined the University of Malaya as a doctoral candidate working on hydrodynamic studies on multiphase systems in stirred reactors.

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    , Baharak Sajjadi

    Baharak Sajjadi graduated with a Chemical Engineering degree at Arak University, Iran, in 2008 and obtained her Master’s degree from the same university in 2010. She worked on hydrodynamics and mass transfer investigations in airlift bioreactors with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In 2011, she joined the University of Malaya, Malaysia, as a doctoral candidate working on biochemical processing with particular interest in biofuel production. Other interests include development, validation, and optimization in unconventional geometries.

    , Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

    Abdul Aziz completed his PhD in the area of three-phase mixing. Currently, he is a professor and holds the position of Deputy Dean at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests are in mixing in stirred vessels and cleaner production technologies. He is also active in consultancy projects and has supervised numerous PhD candidates. He is also member of professional and learned societies such as the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE, UK), Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM), and American Chemical Society (ACS).

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    and Shaliza Ibrahim

    Shaliza Ibrahim is attached to the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Malaya (UM), under the Environmental Engineering Programme. A chemical engineer by training, her interest in mixing research stemmed from her PhD study back in 1988–1992 at the University of Birmingham, in the area of multiphase mixing in stirred vessels. She has been instrumental in keeping mixing research going at UM, with particular interest in solid-liquid mixing, while more recent projects are applied to biological and adsorption processes in wastewater treatment.

Published/Copyright: February 26, 2015
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Abstract

This review evaluates computational fluid dynamic applications to analyze solid suspension quality in stirred vessels. Most researchers typically employ either Eulerian-Eulerian or Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to investigate multiphase flow in stirred vessels. With sufficient computational resources, the E-L approach simulates flow structures with higher spatial resolution for dispersed multiphase flows. Common turbulence models such as the two-equation eddy-viscosity models (k-ε), Reynolds stress model, direct numerical simulation, and large eddy simulation are described and compared for their respective limitations and advantages. Literature confirms that k-ε is the most widely used turbulence model, but it suffers from some inherent shortcomings due to assumption of isotropy of turbulence and homogenous mixing. Subsequently, the importance of different forces concerning solid particle flotation is concluded. Studies on dilute systems take into account only drag and turbulence forces while other forces have always been ignored. The simulations of off-bottom solid suspension, solid drawdown, solid cloud height, solid concentration distribution, and particle collision are considered for studies involving solid suspension. Different models and methods applied to investigate the abovementioned phenomena are also discussed in this review.


Corresponding author: Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman: Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, e-mail:

About the authors

Raja Shazrin Shah Raja Ehsan Shah

Raja Shazrin Shah Raja Ehsan Shah graduated with a Chemical Engineering degree at the University of Malaya, Malaysia, in 2004 and obtained his Master’s degree from the same university in 2010. He worked in applied research for resource recovery for waste streams coming from natural rubber and palm oil industries in Malaysia, with particular emphasis on membrane technologies. In 2012, he joined the University of Malaya as a doctoral candidate working on hydrodynamic studies on multiphase systems in stirred reactors.

Baharak Sajjadi

Baharak Sajjadi graduated with a Chemical Engineering degree at Arak University, Iran, in 2008 and obtained her Master’s degree from the same university in 2010. She worked on hydrodynamics and mass transfer investigations in airlift bioreactors with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In 2011, she joined the University of Malaya, Malaysia, as a doctoral candidate working on biochemical processing with particular interest in biofuel production. Other interests include development, validation, and optimization in unconventional geometries.

Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Abdul Aziz completed his PhD in the area of three-phase mixing. Currently, he is a professor and holds the position of Deputy Dean at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests are in mixing in stirred vessels and cleaner production technologies. He is also active in consultancy projects and has supervised numerous PhD candidates. He is also member of professional and learned societies such as the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE, UK), Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM), and American Chemical Society (ACS).

Shaliza Ibrahim

Shaliza Ibrahim is attached to the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Malaya (UM), under the Environmental Engineering Programme. A chemical engineer by training, her interest in mixing research stemmed from her PhD study back in 1988–1992 at the University of Birmingham, in the area of multiphase mixing in stirred vessels. She has been instrumental in keeping mixing research going at UM, with particular interest in solid-liquid mixing, while more recent projects are applied to biological and adsorption processes in wastewater treatment.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the University of Malaya High Impact Research Grant (HIR-MOHE-D000038-16001) from the Ministry of Education Malaysia and University of Malaya Bright Spark Unit, which financially supported this work.

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Received: 2014-7-2
Accepted: 2014-12-16
Published Online: 2015-2-26
Published in Print: 2015-4-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

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