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Malic acid: fermentative production and applications

  • Mukesh Yadav ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Nirmala Sehrawat , Sunil Kumar , Anil Kumar Sharma , Manoj Singh and Amit Kumar
Published/Copyright: September 19, 2022
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Physical Sciences Reviews
From the journal Physical Sciences Reviews Volume 9 Issue 1

Abstract

Microbial metabolites have gained lot of industrial interest. These are currently employed in various industries including pharmaceuticals, chemical, textiles, food etc. Organic acids are among the important microbial products. Production of microbial organic acids present numerous advantages like agro-industrial waste may be utilized as substrate, low production cost, natural in origin and production is environment friendly. Malic acid is an organic acid (C4 dicarboxylic acid) that can be produced by microbes. It is also useful in industrial sectors as food, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals etc. Production/extraction of malic acid has been reported from fruits, egg shells, microbes, via chemical synthesis, bio-transformation and from renewable sources. Microbial production of malic acid seems very promising due to various advantages and the approach is environment-friendly. In recent years, researchers have focused on fermentative microbial production of malic acid and possibility of using agro-industrial waste as raw substrates. In current article, malic acid production along with applications has been discussed with recent advances in the area.

Keywords: agro-industrial waste; bioprocess technology; fermentation; food industry; malic acid
Corresponding author: Mukesh Yadav, Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, India, E-mail:

Acknowledgment

Authors (MY, NS, AKS, MS) acknowledge the help and support by Head, Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, India.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2022-07-27
Accepted: 2022-08-21
Published Online: 2022-09-19

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

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  2. Reviews
  3. Effect of sugarcane bagasse on thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic cassava starch/beeswax composites
  4. Investigation on impact properties of different type of fibre form: hybrid hemp/glass and kenaf/glass composites
  5. Material selection and conceptual design in natural fibre composites
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  15. Malic acid: fermentative production and applications
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  17. An overview about the approaches used in the production of alpha-ketoglutaric acid with their applications
  18. Conscientiousness of environmental concepts in sustainable development and ecological conservation
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https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0165
Keywords for this article
agro-industrial waste; bioprocess technology; fermentation; food industry; malic acid

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Effect of sugarcane bagasse on thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic cassava starch/beeswax composites
  4. Investigation on impact properties of different type of fibre form: hybrid hemp/glass and kenaf/glass composites
  5. Material selection and conceptual design in natural fibre composites
  6. Fundamental study of commercial polylactic acid and coconut fiber/polylactic acid filaments for 3D printing
  7. Amine compounds post-treatment on formaldehyde emission and properties of urea formaldehyde bonded particleboard
  8. Properties of plybamboo manufactured from two Malaysian bamboo species—
  9. Mechanical performance and failure characteristics of cross laminated timber (CLT) manufactured from tropical hardwoods species
  10. Effect of stacking sequence on tensile properties of glass, hemp and kenaf hybrid composites
  11. Flexural analysis of hemp, kenaf and glass fibre-reinforced polyester resin
  12. Manufacturing defects of woven natural fibre thermoset composites
  13. Fumaric acid: fermentative production, applications and future perspectives
  14. Modeling, simulation and mixing time calculation of stirred tank for nanofluids using partially-averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS) k u  − ϵ u turbulence model
  15. Malic acid: fermentative production and applications
  16. Biotic farming using organic fertilizer for sustainable agriculture
  17. An overview about the approaches used in the production of alpha-ketoglutaric acid with their applications
  18. Conscientiousness of environmental concepts in sustainable development and ecological conservation
  19. Biochar: its characteristics application and utilization of on environment
  20. Biofuel as an alternative energy source for environmental sustainability
  21. Evaluation of the crystal structures of metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complexes
  22. Role of science in environmental conservation leading to sustainable development
  23. The phytotherapeutic potential of commercial South African medicinal plants: current knowledge and future prospects
  24. Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in East African water resources: progress, challenges, and future
  25. Embedding systems thinking in tertiary chemistry for sustainability
  26. Clean technology for sustainable development by geopolymer materials
  27. Role of semiconductor photo catalysts on mask pollution management
  28. An overview of mechanical and corrosion properties of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with plant based natural fibres
  29. Physical and mechanical properties of Acacia mangium plywood after sanding treatment
  30. Simple naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloids – role in sustainable theranostics
  31. A SWOT analysis of artificial intelligence in diagnostic imaging in the developing world: making a case for a paradigm shift
  32. Health in poultry- immunity and microbiome with regard to a concept of one health
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