Abstract
Selenium and tellurium form binary halides in which the chalcogen can be in formal oxidation states (IV), (II) or (I). They are versatile reagents for the preparation of a wide range of inorganic and organic selenium and tellurium compounds taking advantage of the reactivity of the chalcogen–halogen bond. With the exception of the tetrafluorides, the tetrahalides are either commercially available or readily prepared. On the other hand, the low-valent species, EX2 (E = Se, Te; X = Cl, Br) and E2X2 (E = Se, Te; X = Cl, Br) are unstable with respect to disproportionation and must be used as in situ reagents. Organoselenium and tellurium halides are well-known in oxidation states (IV) and (II), as exemplified by REX3, R2EX2 and REX (R = alkyl, aryl; E = Se, Te; X = F, Cl, Br, I); mixed-valent (IV/II) compounds of the type RTeX2TeR are also known. This chapter surveys the availability and/or preparative methods for these widely used reagents followed by examples of their applications in synthetic inorganic and organic selenium and tellurium chemistry. For both the binary halides and their organic derivatives, the discussion is subdivided according to the formal oxidation state of the chalcogen.
References
[1] Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Mayer P, Piotrowski H, Schwab I, Vogt M. Synthesis and structures of triorganotelluronium pseudohalides. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2002;2701–9.10.1002/1099-0682(200210)2002:10<2701::AID-EJIC2701>3.0.CO;2-GSearch in Google Scholar
[2] Wang J, Xu Z. Recent developments in binary halogen-chalcogen compounds, polyanions and polycations. In: Devillanova FA, editor. Handbook of chalcogen-nitrogen chemistry: new perspectives in sulfur, selenium and tellurium. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Cambridge UK: RSC Publishing, 2013. p. 425–7.Search in Google Scholar
[3] Klapötke T, Krumm BM, Scherr M, Haiges R, Christe KO. The binary selenium(IV) azides Se(N3)4, [Se(N3)5]- and [Se(N3)6]2-. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2007;46:8686–90.10.1002/anie.200702758Search in Google Scholar
[4] Bienfait AM, Kubella P, Mueller B, Seppelt K. Isolation of tetraphenylselenurane. Heteroatom Chem. 2011;22:576–8.10.1002/hc.20686Search in Google Scholar
[5] Herberhold M, Jellen W. New selenium-nitrogen compounds tert-butyl-seleninylamine and di(tert-butyl)selenium diimide Se(NtBu)2. Z Naturforsch. 1986;41b:144–8.10.1515/znb-1986-0202Search in Google Scholar
[6] (a) Maaninen T, Laitinen R, Chivers T. A monomeric selenium(IV) diimide and a dimeric seleninylamine. Chem Commun. 2002;1812–3.(b) Maaninen T, Tuononen HM, Kosunen K, Oilunkaniemi R, Hiitola J, Laitinen R, Chivers T. Formation, structural characterization, and calculated NMR chemical shifts of selenium-nitrogen compounds from SeCl4 and ArNHLi (Ar = supermesityl, mesityl). Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2004, 630, 1947–54.10.1039/b205011kSearch in Google Scholar
[7] Denney DB, Denney DZ, Hammond PJ, Hsu YF. Preparation and NMR studies of tetraalkoxyselenuranes and tetraalkoxytelluranes. J Am Chem Soc. 1981;103:2340–7.10.1021/ja00399a034Search in Google Scholar
[8] Parkin IP, Woollins JD. Preparation and characterization of [Pt(SeSN2)(PR3)2], [Pt(Se2N2)(PR3)2], [Pt(SeSN2H)(PR3)2][BF4], and [Pt(Se2N2H)(PR3)2][BF4]. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans. 1990;925–30.10.1039/dt9900000925Search in Google Scholar
[9] Dutton JL, Ragogna PJ. Recent developments in the Lewis acidic chemistry of selenium and tellurium halides and pseudo-halides. In: Woollins JD, Laitinen RS, editors. Selenium and tellurium chemistry; from small molecules to biomolecules and materials, Ch. 8. New York: Springer, 2011:179–99.10.1007/978-3-642-20699-3_8Search in Google Scholar
[10] Wynne KJ, Pearson PS, Newton MG, Golen J. Preparation and properties of dichloro- and dibromo(tetramethylthiourea)selenium(II). Crystal and molecular structure of SeBr2•tmtu. Inorg Chem. 1972;11:1192–6.10.1021/ic50112a007Search in Google Scholar
[11] Jolleys A, Levason W, Reid G. Thioether coordination to divalent selenium halide acceptors – synthesis, properties and structures. Dalton Trans. 2013;42:2963–72.10.1039/C2DT32665ESearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[12] (a). Dutton JL, Sutrisno A, Schurko RW, Ragogna PJ. Synthesis and characterization of cationic selenium-nitrogen heterocycles from tert-butyl-DAB (DAB = 1,4-di-tert-butyl-1,3-diazabutadiene) and SeX4 via reductive elimination of X2 (X = Cl, Br): a distinct contrast with tellurium. Dalton Trans. 2008:3470–7. (b) Dutton JL, Tabeshi R, Jennings MC, Lough AJ, Ragogna PJ. Redox reactions between phosphines (R3P; R = nBu, Ph) or carbene (iPr2IM) and chalcogen tetrahalides ChX4 (iPr2IM = 2,5-diisopropylimidazole-2-ylidene; Ch = Se. Te; X = Cl, Br). Inorg. Chem. 2007, 46, 8594–602.10.1039/b719779aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[13] Potapov VA, Musalov MV, Musalova MV, Amosova SV. Recent advances in organochalcogen synthesis based on reactions of chalcogen halides with alkynes and alkenes. Curr Org Chem. 2016;20: 136–45.10.2174/1385272819666150810222454Search in Google Scholar
[14] King RB, Sangokoya SA. (Dialkylamido)selenium derivatives. Inorg Chem. 1987;26:2727–30.10.1021/ic00263a034Search in Google Scholar
[15] Roesky HW, Weber K-L, Seseke U, Pinkert W, Noltemeyer M, Clegg W, et al. Structural and NMR studies of short selenium-nitrogen bonds. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans. 1985;565–71.10.1039/DT9850000565Search in Google Scholar
[16] Amaresh R, Lakshmikantaham MV, Baldwin JW, Cava MP, Metzger RM, Rogers RD. Condensed thiophenes and selenophenes: thionyl chloride and selenium oxychloride as sulfur or selenium transfer agents. J Org Chem. 2002;67:2453–8.10.1021/jo010858mSearch in Google Scholar
[17] Bestari K, Cordes AW, Oakley RT, Young KM. Heterocyclic 1,2,4,6-thia- and 1,2,4,6-selenatriazinyl radicals; spin distributions and modes of association. J Am Chem Soc. 1990;112:2249–55.10.1021/ja00162a026Search in Google Scholar
[18] Lamoureux M, Milne J. Selenium chloride and bromide equilibria in aprotic solvents: A 77Se NMR study. Polyhedron. 1990;9:589–95.10.1016/S0277-5387(00)86238-5Search in Google Scholar
[19] Belluz PDB, Cordes AW, Kristof PV, Liblong SW, Oakley RT. 1,2,3,5-Diselenadiazolyls as building blocks for molecular metals. J Am Chem Soc. 1989;111:9276–8.10.1021/ja00208a047Search in Google Scholar
[20] Bryce MR, Chesney A. Phenylsulfinylselenyl chloride (PhSO2SeCl): A new reagent for the formation of C-Se and N-Se bonds. Generation and in situ Diels-Alder trapping of selenonitrosoarene intermediate (Ar-N=Se). J Chem Soc Chem Commun. 1995;195–6.10.1039/C39950000195Search in Google Scholar
[21] Maaninen A, Chivers T, Parvez M, Pietikäinen J, Laitinen RS. Syntheses of THF solutions of SeX2 (X = Cl, Br) and a new route to selenium sulfides SenS8-n (n = 1-5); crystal structures of SeCl2(tht)2 and SeCl2•tmtu (tmtu = tetramethylthiourea). Inorg Chem. 1999;38:4093–7.10.1021/ic981430hSearch in Google Scholar
[22] Amosova SV, Penzik MV, Martynov AV, Makhaeva NA, Yarish NO, Voronkov MG. Unsaturated five-membered selenium-germanium containing heterocycles based on the reactions of selenium di- and tetrahalides with diorganyl diethynyl germanes. J Organomet Chem. 2008;693:3346–50.10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.07.008Search in Google Scholar
[23] Potapov VA, Amosova SV, Abramova EV, Musalov MV, Lyssenko KA, Finn MG. 2,6-Dihalo-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes and their complexes with selenium dihalides; synthesis and structural characterisation. New J Chem. 2015;9:8055–9.10.1039/C5NJ00684HSearch in Google Scholar
[24] Chivers T, Laitinen RS. Insights into the formation of inorganic heterocycles via cyclocondensation of primary amines with group 15 and 16 halides. Dalton Trans. 2017;46: 1357–67.10.1039/C6DT04477HSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[25] Maaninen T, Chivers T, Laitinen R, Wegelius E. Acyclic imidoselenium(I) halides; synthesis and X-ray structures of ClSe[N(tBu)Se]nCl (n = 1-3). Chem Commun. 2000;759–60.10.1039/b001002mSearch in Google Scholar
[26] Maaninen T, Chivers T, Laitinen R, Schatte G, Nissinen M. Selenium imides: 77Se NMR investigations of the SeCl2-tBuNH2 reaction and X-ray structures of Se3(NtBu)3, tBuNSe(μ–ntBu)2SO2 and tBuNSe(μ–ntBu)2SeO. Inorg Chem. 2000;39:5341–7.10.1021/ic000598bSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[27] Karhu AJ, Pakkanen OJ, Rautiainen JM, Oilunkaniemi R, Chivers T, Laitinen RS. The role of imidoselenium(II) chlorides in the formation of cyclic selenium imides via cyclocondensation. Dalton Trans. 2016;45:6210–21.10.1039/C5DT04236DSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[28] Karhu AJ, Pakkanen OJ, Rautiainen JM, Oilunkaniemi R, Chivers T, Laitinen RS. Experimental and computational 77Se NMR investigations of the cyclic eight-membered selenium imides 1,3,5,7-Se4(NR)4 (R = Me, tBu) and 1,5-Se6(NMe)2. Inorg Chem. 2015;54:4990–7.10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00582Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[29] Konu J, Maaninen A, Paananen K, Ingman P, Laitinen RS, Chivers T, et al. Preparation and structural characterization of (Me3SiNSN)2Se, a new synthon for sulfur-selenium nitrides. Inorg Chem. 2002;41:1430–5.10.1021/ic011045jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[30] Song LC, Hu QM, Fan HT, Tang MY, Yang ZY, Lu GL. Reactions of complex anions of the type [(μ-RTe)(μ-CO)Fe2(CO)6]- with electrophiles. A new route to μ4-Se-containing double-butterfly clusters. Organometallics. 2002;21:2468–72.10.1021/om020132wSearch in Google Scholar
[31] Musalov MV, Potapov VA. Selenium dihalides: new possibilities for the synthesis of selenium-containing heterocycles. Chem Heterocycl Compd. 2017;53: 150–2.10.1007/s10593-017-2031-ySearch in Google Scholar
[32] Potapov VA, Amosova SV, Belozerova OV, Albanov AI, Yarosh OG, Voronkov MG. Synthesis of 3,6-dihalo-4,4-dimethyl-1,4-selenasilafulvenes. Chem Heterocycl Compd. 2003;39:549–50.10.1023/A:1024742119781Search in Google Scholar
[33] Amosova SV, Martynov AV, Makhaeva NA, Belozerova OV, Penzik MV, Albanov AI, et al. Unsaturated five-membered selenium-silicon containing heterocycles based on the reactions of selenium di- and tetrahalides with diorganyl diethynylsilanes. J Organomet Chem. 2007;692:946–52.10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.10.049Search in Google Scholar
[34] Potapov VA, Shagun VA, Penzik MV, Amosova SV. Quantum chemical studies of the reaction of selenium dichloride with divinyl sulfide and comparison with experimental results. J Organomet Chem. 2010;695: 1603–8.10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.03.019Search in Google Scholar
[35] Potapov VA, Amosova SV, Volkova KA, Penzik MV, Albanov AI. Reactions of selenium dichloride and dibromide with divinyl selenide: synthesis of novel selenium heterocycles and rearrangement of 2,6-dihalo-1,4-diselenanes. Tetrahedron Lett. 2010;51: 89–92.10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.073Search in Google Scholar
[36] Potapov VA, Kurkutov EO, Musalov MV, Amosova SV. Reaction of selenium dichloride and dibromide with divinyl sulfone; synthesis of novel four- and five-membered selenium heterocycles. Tetrahedron Lett. 2010;51:5258–361.10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.07.133Search in Google Scholar
[37] Patra A, Wijsboom YH, Zade SS, Li M, Sheynin Y, Leitus G, et al. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxyselenophene). J Am Chem Soc. 2008;130:6734–6.10.1021/ja8018675Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[38] Kim B, Kim J, Kim E. Visible to near-IR electrochromism and photothermal effect of poly(3,4-propylenedioxyselenophene)s. Macromolecules. 2011;44:8791–7.10.1021/ma202094rSearch in Google Scholar
[39] Das S, Zade SS. Poly(cyclopenta[c]selenophene): a new polyselenophene. Chem Commun. 2010;46:1168–70.10.1039/b915826jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[40] Potapov VA, Khuriganova OI, Amosova SV. Efficient procedure of preparation of 3-bromo-2-phenylbenzo[b]selenophene from selenium dibromide and diphenylacetylene. Russ J Org Chem. 2010;46:1421–2.10.1134/S1070428010090289Search in Google Scholar
[41] Arsenyan P. A simple method for the preparation of selenopheno[3,2-b] and [2,3-b]thiophenes. Tetrahedron Lett. 2014;55:2527–9.10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.03.024Search in Google Scholar
[42] Musalov MV, Potapov VA, Amosova SV. Reaction of selenium dichloride with allyl phenyl ether. Russ J Org Chem. 2011;47:948–9.10.1134/S1070428011060200Search in Google Scholar
[43] Potapov VA, Musalov MV, Amosova SV. Reaction of selenium dichloride and dibromide with unsaturated ethers. Annulation of 2,3-dihydro-1,4-oxaselenine to the benzene ring. Tetrahedron Lett. 2011;52:4606–12.10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.06.071Search in Google Scholar
[44] (a). Braverman S, Cherkinsky M, Jana R, Kalendar Y, Sprecher M. Reaction of selenium and tellurium halides with propargyl alcohols. The regio- and stereoselectivity of addition to the triple bond. J Phys Org Chem. 2010;23:1114–20. (b) Braverman S, Cherkinsky M, Jana R, Kalendar Y, Gottlieb HE, Mats EM, Gruzman A, Goldberg I, Sprecher M. One-pot three-component preparation of novel selenium-containing spiroketals. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2013, 26, 102–8.10.1002/poc.1729Search in Google Scholar
[45] (a). Potapov VA, Musalov MV, Khuriganova OI, Musalova MV, Amosova SV. Stereoselective reaction of selenium dihalide with hex-3-yne. Russ J Org Chem. 2013;49:1836–8. (b) Potapov VA, Kurkutov EO, Musalov MV, Amosova SV. Regioselective reaction of selenium dihalides with methyl vinyl ketone. Russ. J. Org. Chem. 2013, 49, 1831–3.10.1134/S1070428013120221Search in Google Scholar
[46] Zade SS, Panda S, Singh HB, Wolmershäuser G. Synthesis of diaryl selenides using the in situ reagent SeCl2. Tetrahedron Lett. 2005;46:665–9.10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.11.125Search in Google Scholar
[47] Bhasin KK, Singh RS, Kumar H, Mehta SK. A one-flask synthesis and characterization of novel symmetrical pyridyl monoselenides and X-ray crystal structure of bis(5-bromo-2-pyridyl)selenide and bis(2-bromo-5-pyridyl)selenide. J Organomet Chem. 2010;695:648–52.10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.11.034Search in Google Scholar
[48] Srivastava K, Chakraborty T, Singh HB, Butcher RJ. Intramolecularly coordinated azobenzene selenium derivatives. Effect of the Se•••N intramolecular interaction on luminescence. Dalton Trans. 2011;40:4489–96.10.1039/c0dt01319fSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[49] Potapov VA, Khuriganova OI, Amosova SV. First example of aromatic substitution using selenium(II) chloride. Russ J Org Chem. 2009;45:1581–2.10.1134/S107042800910025XSearch in Google Scholar
[50] Kumar P, Kashid VS, Mague JT, Balakrishna MS An efficient approach for the synthesis of functionalized selenoethers and selencalix[4]thiophenes. Tetrahedron Lett. 2014;55:5232–5.10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.08.005Search in Google Scholar
[51] Milne J, Williams AJ. Exchange processes in diselenium and selenium-sulfur dihalides, Se2X2 and SeSX2 (X = Br, Cl). A 77Se 2D-EXSY study. Inorg Chem. 1992;31:4534–8.10.1021/ic00048a018Search in Google Scholar
[52] Lamoureux M, Milne J. The disproportionation of diselenium dichloride, Se2Cl2, and diselenium dibromide, Se2Br2. Can J Chem. 1989;67:1936–41.10.1139/v89-301Search in Google Scholar
[53] Cohen SC, Reddy MLN, Massey AG. Perfluoroaromatic derivatives of sulphur, selenium and tellurium. J Organomet Chem. 1968;11:563–8.10.1016/0022-328X(68)80084-1Search in Google Scholar
[54] Björgvinsson M, Roesky HW, Payer F, Stalke D, Sheldrick GM. Preparation and structural characterization of bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amido]chalcogenides of selenium and tellurium. Inorg Chem. 1990;29:5140–3.10.1021/ic00351a003Search in Google Scholar
[55] Björgvinsson M, Roesky HW, Payer F, Stalke D, Sheldrick GM. Preparation and structure characterization of bis[tert-butyl(trimethylsilyl)amino]chalcogenides of selenium and tellurium. Eur J Solid State Inorg Chem. 1992;29:759–76.Search in Google Scholar
[56] Siivari J, Maaninen A, Haapaniemi E, Laitinen RS, Chivers T. Formation and identification of bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]tri- and tetrachalcogenides. Z Naturforsch. 1995;50b:157–82.10.1515/znb-1995-1101Search in Google Scholar
[57] Folkerts H, Dehnicke K, Magull J, Goesmann , Fenske D. Phosphorane iminato-trichloroselenate(II): syntheses and crystal structures of [SeCl(NPPh32]+SeCl3- and [Me3SiN(H)PMe3+]2[Se2Cl62-]. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 1994;620:1301–6.10.1002/zaac.19946200726Search in Google Scholar
[58] Siivari J, Chivers T, Laitinen R. Se3N2Cl2, A novel selenium-nitrogen chloride: reinvestigations of “Se4N2”. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1992;31:1518–9.10.1002/anie.199215181Search in Google Scholar
[59] Siivari J, Chivers T, Laitinen RS. Synthesis and characterization of selenium-nitrogen chlorides; force-field calculations for the Se3N2Cl+ cation. Inorg Chem. 1993;32:4391–5.10.1021/ic00072a038Search in Google Scholar
[60] Steudel R, Papavassiliou M, Strauss E-M, Laitinen R. Selenium-rich chalcogen rings Se5S, Se5S2 and Se7 from titanocene pentaselenide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1986;25:99–101.10.1002/anie.198600991Search in Google Scholar
[61] Demchneko PY, Gladyshevskii RE, Volkov SV, Yanko OG, Kharkova LB, Fokinan ZA, et al. The first nonaselenium ring. Chem Commun. 2010;46:4510–22.10.1039/c0cc00192aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[62] Nogai SD, Schier A, Schmidbaur H. Soluble pyridine complexes of the ternary gallium(III) chalcogenide halides (GaEX)3 with E = S, Se and X = Cl, Br. Z Naturforsch. 2001;56b:711–8.10.1515/znb-2001-0803Search in Google Scholar
[63] Thrasher JS, Bauknight CW, DesMarteau DD. (Perfluoroalkylimino)selenenyl chlorides. Inorg Chem. 1985;24:1598–9.10.1021/ic00204a037Search in Google Scholar
[64] Thrasher JS, Seppelt K. Reactions of pentafluorosulfanyldichloramine. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 1983;507:7–11.10.1002/zaac.19835071202Search in Google Scholar
[65] Musalov MV, Potapov VA, Amosova SV. Reaction of selenium dichloride with acetylene. Russ J Org Chem. 2011;47:1115–6.10.1134/S1070428011070232Search in Google Scholar
[66] Karhu AJ, Jämsä J, Rautiainen JM, Oilunkaniemi R, Chivers T, Laitinen RS. A selenium-nitrogen chain with selenium in different oxidation states. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 2017;643:495–500.10.1002/zaac.201700031Search in Google Scholar
[67] Siivari J, Chivers T, Laitinen RS. A simple, efficient synthesis of Se4N4. Inorg Chem. 1993;32:1519–20.10.1021/ic00060a031Search in Google Scholar
[68] Lentz D, Pritzkow H, Seppelt K. Novel tellurium fluorides; cis- and trans-F4Te(OTeF5)2, FTe(OTeF5)5 and Te(OTeF5)6. Inorg Chem. 1978;17:1926–31.10.1021/ic50185a046Search in Google Scholar
[69] Hector AL, Jolleys A, Levason W, Reid G. TeX4 (X = F, Cl, Br) as Lewis acids – complexes with soft thio-and seleno-ether ligands. Dalton Trans. 2012;41:10988–99.10.1039/c2dt30968hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[70] (a). Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Mayer P, Schwab I. Binary tellurium(IV) azides Te(N3)4 and [Te(N3)5]-. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2003;42:5843–6. (b) Haiges R, Boatz JA, Vij A, Gerken M, Schneider S, Schroer T, Christe KO. Polyazide chemistry: preparation and characterization of Te(N3)4 and [P(C6H5)4]2[Te(N3)6] and evidence for [N(CH3)4][Te(N3)5]. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 5847–51.10.1002/anie.200352656Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[71] Lentz D, Szwak MD. Synthesis and structure determination of tellurium tetracyanide solvates: pseudopolymorphism of Te(CN)4 and TeF4. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2005;44:5079–82.10.1002/anie.200500168Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[72] Glover SA. Mechanism of thermal decomposition of tetra-aryltellurium species. JCS Perkin I. 1980;1338–44.10.1039/p19800001338Search in Google Scholar
[73] Naumann D, Tyrra W, Herrmann R, Pantenburg I, Wickleder MS Syntheses and properties of tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)tellurium, Te(C6F5)4 and related compounds. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 2001;628:833–42.10.1002/1521-3749(200205)628:4<833::AID-ZAAC833>3.0.CO;2-USearch in Google Scholar
[74] Gedridge RW, Harris DC, Higa KT, Nissan RA. Isolation and characterization of tetramethyltellurium(IV). Organometallics. 1989;8:2817–10.10.1021/om00114a014Search in Google Scholar
[75] Gedridge RW, Higa KT, Nissan RA. Synthesis and mechanistic studies of symmetric tetraorganyl-tellurium(IV) (R4Te) and diorganyltellurium(II) (R’2Te) compounds (R = R’ = Me, nBu, Me3SiCH2, and CH2=CH; R = tBu and allyl). Organometallics. 1991;10:286–91.10.1021/om00047a062Search in Google Scholar
[76] Minoura M, Sagami T, Akiba K, Modrakowski C, Sudau A, Seppelt K, et al. Hexaaryltellurium, the first neutral compounds comprising hexaarylated elements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1996;35:2660–1.10.1002/anie.199626601Search in Google Scholar
[77] Minoura M, Sagami T, Miyasato M, Akiba K. Synthesis and characterization of hexaaryltellurium (TeAr6), the first neutral hexaarylated element compound. Tetrahedron. 1997;53:12195–202.10.1016/S0040-4020(97)00552-8Search in Google Scholar
[78] Minoura M, Sagami T, Akiba K. Convenient one-pot synthesis and structures of pentaphenyltellurium monohalides. Organometallics. 2001;20:2437–9.10.1021/om001075eSearch in Google Scholar
[79] Betz R, Stapel M, Pfister M, Roessner FW, Reichvilser MM, Klüfers P. Tetramethoxy-λ4-tellane and tetrakis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-λ4-tellane. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 2008;634:2391–6.10.1002/zaac.200800340Search in Google Scholar
[80] Sundberg MR, Uggla R, Laitalainen T, Bergman J. Influence of secondary bonding on the intradimer distance of trichloro(ethane-1,2-diolato-O,O’)tellurate(IV). J Chem Soc Dalton Trans. 1994;3279–83.10.1039/DT9940003279Search in Google Scholar
[81] Allan RE, Gornitzka H, Kärcher J, Paver MA, Rennie M-A, Russell CA, et al. Structure and reactivity of [Te(NMe2)2]∞: application to the preparation of metalloorganic tellurium(II) compounds. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans. 1996;1727–30.10.1039/DT9960001727Search in Google Scholar
[82] Murai T, Imaeda K, Kajita S, Ishihara H, Kato S. Reductive dialkynylation of tellurium tetrachloride with lithium amides and terminal alkynes. J Chem Soc Chem Commun. 1991;832–3.10.1039/c39910000832Search in Google Scholar
[83] Gedridge RW, Brandsma L, Nissan RA, Verkruijesse HD, Harder S, De Jong RLP, et al. Preparation of symmetrical di-1-alkynyl tellurides and diynes by reduction of TeCl4 with 1-alkynyllithium reagents. Organometallics. 1992;11:418–22.10.1021/om00037a067Search in Google Scholar
[84] Roesky HW, Münzenberg J, Bohra R, Noltemeyer M. Syntheses and crystal structures of compounds containing short Te-N bonds. J Organomet Chem. 1991;418:339–48.10.1016/0022-328X(91)80219-ASearch in Google Scholar
[85] Folkerts H, Dehnicke K, Magull J. Synthesis and crystal structure of [TeCl2(NPMe3]2. Z Naturforsch. 1995;50b:573–6.10.1515/znb-1995-0417Search in Google Scholar
[86] Münzenberg J, Roesky HW, Noltemeyer M, Besser S, Herbst-Irmer R. Syntheses and structural comparison of some tellurium(IV) iminates. Z Naturforsch. 1993;48b:199–208.10.1515/znb-1993-0212Search in Google Scholar
[87] Hey E, Ergezinger C, Dehnicke K. Synthesis and crystal structure of the amidinato complex PhC(NSiMe3)2TeCl3. Z Naturforsch. 1989;44b:205–7.10.1515/znb-1989-0217Search in Google Scholar
[88] Chivers T, Fedorchuk C, Schatte G, Brask JK. Syntheses and X-ray structures of boraamidinate complexes of lithium, phosphorus, and tellurium. Can J Chem. 2002;80:821–31.10.1139/v02-111Search in Google Scholar
[89] Grubisha DS, Guzei IA, Al-Salim N, Boyd PDW, Brothers PJ, Woo LK. Novel coordination in the first tellurium porphyrin complex: synthesis and crystal structure of [Te(ttp)Cl2]. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2001;40:4743–5.10.1002/1521-3773(20011217)40:24<4743::AID-ANIE4743>3.0.CO;2-HSearch in Google Scholar
[90] Passmore J, Schatte G, Cameron TS. Preparation and structure of Te4N2Cl8[AsF6]2•2SO2 containing Te4N2Cl82+, the first tellurium-nitrogen-halogen cation. J Chem Soc Chem Commun. 1995;2311–2.10.1039/C39950002311Search in Google Scholar
[91] Chivers T, Enright GD, Sandblom N, Schatte G, Parvez M. Synthesis and reactions of tert-butylimidotellurium dihalides: X-ray structures of [Cl2Te(μ-NtBu)2TeCl2]3 and [(tBuO)2Te(μ-NtBu)2Te(tBuO)2]3. Inorg Chem. 1999;38:5431–6.10.1021/ic990849kSearch in Google Scholar
[92] Cozzolino AF, Britten JF, Vargas-Baca I. The effect of steric hindrance on the association of telluradiazoles through Te―N secondary bonding. Cryst Growth Des. 2006;6:181–6.10.1021/cg050260ySearch in Google Scholar
[93] Cozzolino AF, Whitfield PS, Vargas-Baca I. Supramolecular chromotropism of the crystalline phase of 4,5,6,7-tetrafluorobenzo-2,1,3-telluradiazole. J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132:17265–70.10.1021/ja107252fSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[94] Semenov NA, Pushkarevsky NA, Beckmann J, Finke P, Lork E, Mews R, et al. Tellurium-nitrogen heterocyclic chemistry – synthesis, structure, and reactivity towards halides and pyridine of 3,4-dicyano-1,2,5-telluradiazole. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2012;3693–403.10.1002/ejic.201200376Search in Google Scholar
[95] (a). Reske G, Cowley AH. Direct reactions of tellurium halides with chelating nitrogen ligands. Trapping of TeI2 by a 1,2-bis(arylimino)acenaphthene ligand and C-H activation of an α,α’-diiminopyridine ligand. Chem Commun. 2006:4856–8. (b) Martin CD, Ragogna PJ. Reactions of diiminopyridine ligands with chalcogen halides. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 2947–53.10.1039/B610491FSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[96] Kuhn N, Abu-Rayyan A, Piludu C, Steimann M. Reaction of tellurium tetraiodide with 2,3-dihydro-1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene. Heteroatom Chem. 2005;16:316–9.10.1002/hc.20090Search in Google Scholar
[97] Hrib CG, Jones PG, Du Mont W-W, Lippolis V, Devillanova FA. Complexes of bidentate phosphane selenide ligands with mesityltellurenyl iodide and tellurium diiodide. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2006;1294–302.10.1002/ejic.200500843Search in Google Scholar
[98] Dutton JL, Farrar GJ, Sgro MJ, Battista TL, Ragogna PJ. Lewis base sequestered chalcogen dihalides: synthetic sources of ChX2 (Ch = Se, Te; X = Cl, Br). Chem Eur J. 2009;15:10263–71.10.1002/chem.200901000Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[99] Foss O, Johannessen W. Complexes of tellurium tetrachloride and tetrabromide with tetramethyl thiourea. Acta Chem Scand. 1961;15:1939–48.10.3891/acta.chem.scand.15-1939Search in Google Scholar
[100] Levason W, Reid G, Victor M, Zhang W. Tellurium(II) and tellurium(IV) complexes of phosphine chalcogenide ligands, synthesis and X-ray structures. Polyhedron. 2009;28:4010–6.10.1016/j.poly.2009.08.025Search in Google Scholar
[101] (a). Hector AL, Jolleys A, Levason W, Reid G. TeX4 (X = F, Cl, Br) as Lewis acids ‒ complexes with soft thio- and seleno-ether ligands. Dalton Trans. 2012;41:10988–99. (b) Gurnani C, Jura M, Levason W, Ratnani R, Reid G, Webster M. Preparation and structures of tellurium(IV) halide complexes with thioether coordination. Dalton Trans. 2009, 4122–8.10.1039/c2dt30968hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[102] Liaw W-F, Chiou S-J, Lee G-H, Peng S-M. A discrete chlorotellurate [Cl4Te-Mn(CO)5]-: coordinative addition of the metalloanion [Mn(CO)5]- to TeCl4. Inorg Chem. 1998;37:1131–4.10.1021/ic9708677Search in Google Scholar
[103] Ebsworth EAV, Holloway JH, Watson PG. Five-coordinate rhodium(III) complexes containing the novel TeF3 ligand. J Chem Soc Chem Commun. 1991;1443–4.10.1039/c39910001443Search in Google Scholar
[104] Dyson PJ, Hill AF, Hulkes AG, White AJP, Williams DJ. Tetravalent tellurium ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed. 1999;38:512–4.10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19990215)38:4<512::AID-ANIE512>3.0.CO;2-RSearch in Google Scholar
[105] Potapov VA, Musalov MV, Musalova MV, Rusakov YY, Khabibulina AG, Rusakova IL, Amosova SV., et al. Stereoselective synthesis of E-2-halovinyl tellanes, ditellanes and selenides based on tellurium tetrahalides, selenium dihalides and internal alkynes. J Organomet Chem. 2018;867:300–5. DOI: .and references cited therein.10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.02.015Search in Google Scholar
[106] (a). Aynsley EE. The preparation and properties of tellurium dichloride. J Chem Soc. 1953:3016–9. (b) Aynsley EE, Watson RH. The preparation and properties of tellurium dibromide. J. Chem. Soc. 1955, 2603–6.10.1039/jr9530003016Search in Google Scholar
[107] Paul RC, Arneja A, Narula SP. Reactions between hexamethyldisilane and some inorganic halides. Inorg Nucl Chem Lett. 1969;5:1013–5.10.1016/0020-1650(69)80113-3Search in Google Scholar
[108] Tokitoh N, Sadahiro T, Hatano K, Sasaki T, Takeda N, Okazaki R. Syntheses of kinetically stabilized silaneselone and silanetellone. Chem Lett. 2002;31:34–5.10.1246/cl.2002.34Search in Google Scholar
[109] Patra A, Wijsboom YH, Leitus G, Bendikov M. Synthesis, structure and electropolymerization of 3,4-tellurophene; comparison with selenium analogue. Org Lett. 2009;11:1487–90.10.1021/ol9000608Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[110] He G, Delgado T, Schatz DJ, Merten C, Mohammadpour A, Mayr L, et al. Coaxing solid-state phosphorescence from tellurophenes. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2014;53:4587–91.10.1002/anie.201307373Search in Google Scholar
[111] Foss O, Johannessen W. Complexes of tellurium dichloride and dibromide with tetramethylthiourea. Acta Chem Scand. 1961;15:1940–1.10.3891/acta.chem.scand.15-1940Search in Google Scholar
[112] Konu J, Chivers T. Synthesis, spectroscopic and structural characterization of tertiary phosphine tellurium dihalides Et3PTeX2 (X = Cl, Br, I). Dalton Trans. 2006;3941–6.10.1039/b608133aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[113] (a). Dutton JL, Tuononen HM, Ragogna PJ. Tellurium(II)-centered dications from the pseudohalide “Te(OTf)2”. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2009;48:4409–13. (b) Dutton JL, Ragogna PJ. Dicationic tellurium analogues of the classic N-heterocyclic carbene. Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 12454–61.10.1002/anie.200901495Search in Google Scholar
[114] Konu J, Chivers T. Novel carbon-centred reactivity of [HC(PPh2Se)2]- in the formation of structurally diverse Sn(IV), Te(IV) and Hg(II) complexes of the triseleno ligand [SeC(PPh2Se)2]2-. Chem Commun. 2010;46:1431–3.10.1039/b923910cSearch in Google Scholar
[115] Pietikäinen J, Laitinen RS. Novel tellurium halides Te2Cl2 and Te2Br2. Chem Commun. 1998;2381–2.10.1039/a803907kSearch in Google Scholar
[116] Petragnani N, Stefani HA. Advances in organic tellurium chemistry. Tetrahedron. 2005;61:1613–78.10.1016/j.tet.2004.11.076Search in Google Scholar
[117] Freudendahl DM, Wirth T. New selenium electrophiles and their reactivity. In: Woollins JD, Laitinen RS, editors. Selenium and tellurium chemistry: from small molecules to biomolecules and materials, New York, Vol. Ch. 2. Springer, 2011:41–55.10.1007/978-3-642-20699-3_2Search in Google Scholar
[118] (a). McWhinnie WR. Intra-molecular coordination – a route to novel organotellurium compounds. Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat Elem. 1991;67:107–23. (b) Zukerman-schpector J, Haiduc I. Diorganotellurium(IV) dihalides and secondary bonding; revisiting the coordination polyhedra. Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and Related Elements 2001, 171, 73–112.10.1080/10426509208045826Search in Google Scholar
[119] Clark ER, Al-Turaihi MA. On the structure of arylselenium tribromides. J Organomet Chem. 1977;124: 391–7.10.1016/S0022-328X(00)92599-3Search in Google Scholar
[120] (a). Wynne KJ, Pearson PS. Adducts of organoselenium and -tellurium trichlorides with antimony pentachloride. Inorg Chem. 1971;10:1871–4. (b) Wynne KJ, George JW. Lewis-base behavior of selenium(IV) halides. II. Methylselenium trichloride and trimethylselenium chloride. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91,1649–52.10.1021/ic50103a005Search in Google Scholar
[121] (a). Maxwell WM, Wynne KJ. Arylselenium trifluorides. Inorg Chem. 1981;20:1701–12. (b) Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr, M. Studies on the properties of organoselenium(IV) fluorides and azides. Inorg. Chem. 2008, 47, 4712–22.10.1021/ic50220a018Search in Google Scholar
[122] Pietkäinen J, Laitinen RS, Konu J, Valkonen J. Formation and crystal structure of polymeric (MeTeCl3)∞. Z Naturforsch. 2001;56b:1369–72.10.1515/znb-2001-1220Search in Google Scholar
[123] Dirk CW, Nalewajek D, Blanchet GB, Schaffer H, Moraes F, Boysel RM, et al. Poly(methylene ditelluride). J Am Chem Soc. 1985;107:675–7.10.1021/ja00289a021Search in Google Scholar
[124] (a) Laitinen RS, Oilunkaniemi R. Tellurium: organotellurium chemistry. In: King RB, editor(s). Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed. Vol. IX. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2005:5539–56. (b) Berry FJ, Kustan EH, Roshani M, Smith BC. 1H NMR spectra of some aryltellurium compounds. J. Organomet. Chem. 1975, 99, 115–7.Search in Google Scholar
[125] Beckmann J, Heitz S, Hesse M. Four distinctively different decomposition pathways of metastable supermesityltellurium(IV) trichloride Inorg. Chem. 2007;46:3275–82.Search in Google Scholar
[126] Singh HB, Sudha N, Weat AA, Hamor TA. Orthotellurated derivatives of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine: crystal and molecular structure of [2-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl]tellurium(IV) tribromide and [2-(butyldichlorotelluro)benzyl]dimethylammonium chloride. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans. 1990;907–13.10.1039/dt9900000907Search in Google Scholar
[127] Hammerl A, Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. Tellurium(IV) fluorides and azides containing the nitrogen donor substituent R = 2-Me2NCH2C6H4: crystal structure of RTeF3 and of an unusual tellurium(VI) fluoride salt. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 2007;633:1618–26.10.1002/zaac.200700079Search in Google Scholar
[128] Miller JM, Chadha RK. Reactions of tellurium(IV) compounds with trimethyl(dialkylamino)silanes. J Organomet Chem. 1981;216:177–84.10.1016/S0022-328X(00)85758-7Search in Google Scholar
[129] Beckmann J, Finke P. Organotelluroxanes. In: Woollins JD, Laitinen RS, editors. Selenium and tellurium chemistry; from small molecules to biomolecules and materials, Ch.7. New York: Springer, 2011:165–71.Search in Google Scholar
[130] Beckmann J, Finke P, Hesse M, Wettig B. Well-defined stibonic and tellurinic acids. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2008;47:9982–4.10.1002/anie.200803997Search in Google Scholar
[131] Beckmann J, Bolsinger J, Duthie A. Intramolecularly coordinated telluroxane clusters and polymers. Chem Eur J. 2011;17:930–40.10.1002/chem.201002371Search in Google Scholar
[132] (a) Wynne KJ, George JW. Adducts of dimethylselenium dichloride and trimethylamine. Inorg Chem. 1965;4:256–7. (b) Wynne KJ, George JW. Dimethylselenium dihalides and their adducts with boron trihalides. J Am Chem Soc. 1965;87:4750–4.10.1021/ic50024a034Search in Google Scholar
[133] Wynne KJ. The preparation and properties of diorganoselenium difluorides. Inorg Chem. 1970;9:299–301.10.1021/ic50084a024Search in Google Scholar
[134] Poropudas MJ, Vigo L, Oilunkaniemi R, Laitinen RS. Structural trends in TeI2RR’: crystal structures of TeI2(CH2SiMe32, TeI2Th(CH2SiMe3), TeI2Ph(CH2SiMe3), and TeI2Th2 (Th = 2-thienyl, C4H3S). Heteroatom Chem. 2011;22:348–57.10.1002/hc.20688Search in Google Scholar
[135] Chauhan AKS, Kumar A, Srivastava RC, Butcher RJ. Synthesis and characterization of monomeric diorganotelluirum dihalides: crystal and molecular structures of diphenylacyltellurium dibromide and diiodide. J Organomet Chem. 2002;658:169–75.10.1016/S0022-328X(02)01648-0Search in Google Scholar
[136] (a). Fujihara H, Takaguchi Y, Ninoi T, Erata T, Furukawa N. Preparation and characterization of a four-coordinated ditellurane stabilized by a transannular tellurium-tellurium bond from 1,5-ditelluracyclooctane: a new multicenter hypervalent species. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1. 1992:2583–4. (b) Takaguchi Y, Horn E, Furukawa N. Preparation and X-ray structure analysis of 1,1,5,5,9,9-hexachloro-1,5,9-tritelluracyclododecane (Cl6[12]aneTe3) and its redox behavior. Organometallics 1996, 15, 5112–5.10.1039/P19920002583Search in Google Scholar
[137] Beckmann J, Bolsinger J, Spandl J. The structural diversity of Te-I interactions within tetraorganoditelluroxane diiodides and related compounds. J Organomet Chem. 2008;693:957–64.10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.12.006Search in Google Scholar
[138] Chandrasekhar V, Thirumoorthi R. 1,1ʹ-Ferrocenedicarboxylate-bridged redox-active organotin and tellurium-containing 16-membered macrocycles: synthesis, structure, and electrochemistry. Organometallics. 2007;26:5415–22.10.1021/om700622rSearch in Google Scholar
[139] Chandrasekhar V, Thirumoorthi R. Halide-capped tellurium-containing macrocycles. Inorg Chem. 2009;48:10330–7.10.1021/ic901479zSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[140] Beckmann J, Hesse M, Poleschner H, Seppelt K. Formation of mixed-valent aryltellurenyl halides RX2TeTeR. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2007;46:8277–80.10.1002/anie.200702341Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[141] Sugamata K, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N. Fluorination reaction of a ditelluride bearing bulky aryl substituents: formation of mixed-valent Te(IV)-Te(II) ditelluride difluoride. Chem Asian J. 2011;6:2301–3.10.1002/asia.201100368Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[142] Kubiniok S, Du Mont W-W, Pohl S, Saak W. The reagent diphenyldiselane/iodine: no phenylselenenyl iodide but a charge transfer complex with cyclic moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed. 1988;27:431–3.10.1002/anie.198804311Search in Google Scholar
[143] Du Mont W-W, Kubiniok S, Peters K, Von Schnering H-G. Synthesis and structure of a stable iodoselenide. Angew Chem Int Ed. 1987;26:780–1.10.1002/anie.198707801Search in Google Scholar
[144] Du Mont W-W, Wagner I. Iodo[tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl]selane: synthesis of the first alkyl selenenyl iodide. Chem Ber. 1988;121:2109–10.10.1002/cber.19881211206Search in Google Scholar
[145] Poleschner H, Seppelt K. First detection of a selenenyl fluoride ArSeF by NMR spectroscopy; the nature of the Ar2Se2/XeF2 and ArSeSiMe3/XeF2 reagents. Chem Eur J. 2004;10:6565–74.10.1002/chem.200400596Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[146] Poleschner H, Seppelt K. Selenirenium and tellurirenium ions. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2008;47: 6461–4.10.1002/anie.200801691Search in Google Scholar
[147] Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Polborn K. Isolation of a stable selenium azide RSeN3. J Am Chem Soc. 2004;126:710–1.10.1021/ja038975hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[148] (a). Giselbrecht K, Bildstein B, Sladky F. Tris(trimethylsilyl)methanetellurenyl halides (Me3Si)3CTeX (X = Cl, Br, I): synthesis of stable alkanetellurenyl halides. Chem Ber. 1989;122:1255–6. (b) Fimml W, Sladky F. Synthesis of stable alkanetellurenyl pseudohalides and pseudochalcogenides: (Me3Si)3CTeX (X = CN, SCN, SeCN, NCO, N3) and (Me3Si)3CTe-Y-TeC(SiMe3)3 (Y = NCN, NSN). Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1131–3.10.1002/cber.19891220707Search in Google Scholar
[149] Du Mont -W-W, Meyer H-U, Kubiniok S, Pohl S, Saak W. Cleavage of bulky diaryl ditellurides with bromine and iodine: crystal structure of Et4N+ 2,4,6-(i-C3H73C6H2TeI2)-. Chem Ber. 1992;125:761–6.Search in Google Scholar
[150] Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Nöth H, Galvez-Ruiz JC, Polborn K. Kinetic and donor stabilization of organotellurenyl iodides and azides. Inorg Chem. 2005;44:5254–65.10.1021/ic048219sSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[151] Ledesma GN, Lang ES, Vázquez-López EM, Abram U. Synthesis and characterization of the first aryltellurium(II) halide complex stabilized by a Te-Te bond from a tellurium ether. Inorg Chem Commun. 2004;7:478–80.10.1016/j.inoche.2004.01.007Search in Google Scholar
[152] Sasamori T, Sugamata K, Tokitoh N. Halogenation reactions of a ditelluride having bulky aryl groups leading to the formation of organotellurium halides. Heteroatom Chem. 2011;22:405–11.10.1002/hc.20698Search in Google Scholar
[153] Manzoni De Oliveira G, Faoro E, Lang ES. New aryltellurenyl iodides with uncommon valences: synthetic and structural characteristics of [RTeTeI2R], [R2TeTeR2][Te4I14], and [RTe(I)I2] (R = 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl). Inorg Chem. 2009;48: 4607–9.10.1021/ic900193kSearch in Google Scholar
[154] Boyle PD, Cross WI, Godfrey SM, McAuliffe CA, Pritchard RG, Sarwar S, et al. Synthesis and characterization of Ph4Te4I4, containing a Te4 square, and Ph3PTe(Ph)I. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2000;39:1796–8.10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(20000515)39:10<1796::AID-ANIE1796>3.0.CO;2-GSearch in Google Scholar
[155] Beckmann J, Finke P, Heitz S, Hesse M. Aryltellurenyl cation [RTe(CR’2)]+ stabilized by an N-heterocyclic carbene. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2008;1921–5.10.1002/ejic.200800038Search in Google Scholar
[156] Sugamata K, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N. Generation of an organotellurium(II) cation. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2012;775–8.10.1002/ejic.201101313Search in Google Scholar
© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- CO2-based hydrogen storage – formic acid dehydrogenation
- Drug target prediction using chem- and bioinformatics
- Green chemistry and the grand challenges of sustainability
- Zinc-Selenium reagents in organic synthesis
- Positive electrodes based on Ion-implanted SrTiO3
- Size and shape-controlled synthesis of Ru nanocrystals
- Selenium– and tellurium–halogen reagents
Articles in the same Issue
- CO2-based hydrogen storage – formic acid dehydrogenation
- Drug target prediction using chem- and bioinformatics
- Green chemistry and the grand challenges of sustainability
- Zinc-Selenium reagents in organic synthesis
- Positive electrodes based on Ion-implanted SrTiO3
- Size and shape-controlled synthesis of Ru nanocrystals
- Selenium– and tellurium–halogen reagents