Physicochemical characteristics of poly(piperazine-amide) TFC nanofiltration membrane prepared at various reaction times and its relation to the performance

Nurasyikin Misdan; Woei Jye Lau; Ahmad Fauzi Ismail

doi:10.1515/polyeng-2014-0146

Article

Physicochemical characteristics of poly(piperazine-amide) TFC nanofiltration membrane prepared at various reaction times and its relation to the performance

Nurasyikin Misdan , Woei Jye Lau and Ahmad Fauzi Ismail

Published/Copyright: August 22, 2014

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From the journal Journal of Polymer Engineering Volume 35 Issue 1

Abstract

Poly(piperazine-amide) thin film composite (TFC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes were prepared via interfacial polymerization (IP) of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) in cyclohexane and piperazine (PIP) in water. The effect of polymerization time on the physicochemical characteristics of poly(piperazine-amide) layers and the final membrane performance was studied in detail. The morphological structures of prepared membranes were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), by contrast, was used to determine the chemical characteristics of the membranes. It is evident that the surface roughness increased with increasing polymerization time due to the formation of a supergranule-like structure over the interfacially synthesized poly(piperazine-amide) layer. Moreover, increasing the polymerization time led to a dramatic reduction of water permeability due to the significant increase of crosslinking poly(piperazine-amide) barrier layers. Experimentally determined data showed that the TFC NF membrane prepared at 10 s of polymerization time experienced 51.2 l/m².h of water permeability with 97.02% of Na₂ SO₄ salt rejection at an operating pressure of 0.6 MPa.

Keywords: interfacial polymerization; nanofiltration; poly(piperazine-amide); thin film composite

Corresponding author: Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, e-mail: afauzi@utm.my; fauzi.ismail@gmail.com; and Faculty of Petroleum and Renewable Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for research financial support by the Ministry of Education under the Long-term Research Grant Scheme (Vot no. 4L803) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia under the Research University Grant Scheme – Tier 1(Vot no. Q.J130000.2509.05H48). N. Misdan is grateful for the sponsorship given by the Ministry of Education under the MyBrain15 (MyPhD) scheme during her Ph.D. studies.

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Received: 2014-5-29

Accepted: 2014-7-17

Published Online: 2014-8-22

Published in Print: 2015-1-1

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0146

Keywords for this article

interfacial polymerization; nanofiltration; poly(piperazine-amide); thin film composite