On the Paley graph of a quadratic character
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Ján Mináč
Abstract
Paley graphs form a nice link between the distribution of quadratic residues and graph theory. These graphs possess remarkable properties which make them useful in several branches of mathematics. Classically, for each prime number p we can construct the corresponding Paley graph using quadratic and non-quadratic residues modulo p. Therefore, Paley graphs are naturally associated with the Legendre symbol at p which is a quadratic Dirichlet character of conductor p. In this article, we introduce the generalized Paley graphs. These are graphs that are associated with a general quadratic Dirichlet character. We will then provide some of their basic properties. In particular, we describe their spectrum explicitly. We then use those generalized Paley graphs to construct some new families of Ramanujan graphs. Finally, using special values of L-functions, we provide an effective upper bound for their Cheeger number. As a by-product of our approach, we settle a question raised in [Cramer et al.: The isoperimetric and Kazhdan constants associated to a Paley graph, Involve 9 (2016), 293–306] about the size of this upper bound.
Ján Mináč is partially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) grant R0370A01. Ján Mináč also gratefully acknowledges Faculty of Sciences Distinguished Research Professorship award for 2020/21. Ján Mináč, Lyle Muller and Tung T. Nguyen acknowledge the support of the Western Academy for Advanced Research. Nguyễn Duy Tân is partially supported by the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam under the project B2022-CTT-03
Acknowledgements
The third named author is very grateful to Professor Moshe Rosenfeld who kindled his interest in using number theory to attack problems in graph theory and combinatorics.
Communicated by Milan Paštéka
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© 2024 Mathematical Institute Slovak Academy of Sciences
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Articles in the same Issue
- On the Paley graph of a quadratic character
- A topological duality for tense modal pseudocomplemented De Morgan algebras
- Fibonacci numbers as mixed concatenations of Fibonacci and Lucas numbers
- A general formula in composition theory
- A nonlinear Filbert-like matrix with three free parameters: From linearity to nonlinearity
- On universality in short intervals for zeta-functions of certain cusp forms
- On asymptotics for lacunary partition functions
- Parallel surfaces of the non-lightlike solution of vortex filament equations
- New q-analogues of Van Hamme’s (F.2) supercongruence and of some related supercongruences
- Kneser-type oscillation theorems for second-order functional differential equations with unbounded neutral coefficients
- Approximation theorems via Pp-statistical convergence on weighted spaces
- Global existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for anisotropic eigenvalue problems
- Theoretical analysis of higher-order system of difference equations with generalized balancing numbers
- On a solvable difference equations system of second order its solutions are related to a generalized Mersenne sequence
- Positive bases, cones, Helly-type theorems
- Digital Jordan surfaces arising from tetrahedral tiling
- Influence of ideals in compactifications
- On the functions ωf and Ωf
- On the 𝓐-generators of the polynomial algebra as a module over the Steenrod algebra, I
- A bivariate distribution with generalized exponential conditionals
- A note on boundary feedback stabilization for degenerate parabolic equations in multi-dimensional domains
