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On the Pecking Order Between Those of Mitsch and Clifford

  • Vikash Kumar Gupta and Balasubramaniam Jayaram EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: June 15, 2023
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ABSTRACT

Order-theoretic explorations of algebraic structures are known to lead to hitherto hidden insights. Two such relations that have stood out are those of Mitsch and Clifford – the former for the generality in its application and the latter for the insights it offers. In this work, our motivation is to study the converse: we want to explore the extent of the utility of Mitsch’s order and the applicability of Clifford’s order. Firstly, we show that if the Mitsch’s poset is either bounded or a chain, arguably a richer order theoretic structure, the semigroup reduces to one of a simple band. Secondly, noting that the special semigroups on which Clifford’s relation does give rise to an order has not been characterised so far, we solve this problem by proposing a property called Quasi-Projectivity that is essential in this context and also give necessary and sufficient conditions for the Clifford’s relation to give a total and compatible order, even if the semigroup is not commutative. Further, by showing some interesting connections between this relation and the orders obtained by Green’s relations, we further reaffirm the importance and naturalness of the order proposed by Clifford. Finally, by discussing the Clifford’s relations on ordered semigroups, we present some novel perspectives and also show that some of the assumptions in the often cited results of Clifford’s are not necessary. On the whole, our study argues favourably towards Clifford’s than that of the Mitsch’s relation, in so far as the structural information gained about the underlying semigroup.

2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 06F05; 06A06; 06A11; Secondary 06A05; 06A12

(Communicated by Anatolij Dvurečenskij)


  1. 1

    Also see Section 6.

  2. 2

    For an interesting review-cum-commentary of his works, we refer the readers to [12].

  3. 3

    Note that by a Mitsch poset we refer to any semigroup with the order on it defined by .

  4. 4

    A semigroup that has an identity element e, has no non-trivial invertible elements and satisfies the left cancellation law [17].

  5. 5

    See Drazin [9] for the definitions and relations among these special semigroups.

  6. 6

    A part of this result has been proven in [11] in the context where S = [0, 1].

  7. 7

    To remain consistent with the notations we should have used C . However, for better readability, considering the extensive use of this symbol in the sequel, we instead use ≼.

  8. 8

    Note that if S satisfies (LLI), the set S1 in the definition of in (6) can be replaced by S itself.

  9. 9

    In Section 7.1 we show that even when the Clifford’s order is not total the results may still hold.

  10. 10

    Please see Section 7.2 for the definitions of these terms.

  11. 11

    A monoid where the operation is compatible w.r.t. the order and the identity is also the top element.

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Received: 2022-02-25
Accepted: 2022-07-18
Published Online: 2023-06-15

© 2023 Mathematical Institute Slovak Academy of Sciences

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