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Logistics and Crises: Understanding Roman Military Logistics and Procedures from the Unit Level and Upwards in 2nd to 4th Centuries CE Egypt Using the Surviving ‘Paperwork’

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Published/Copyright: May 18, 2024
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Klio
From the journal Klio Volume 106 Issue 1

Summary

The current article wishes to focus on receipts and reports from Roman Egypt in order to reconstruct the bureaucratic procedures in this region or, more precisely, the bureaucratic procedures of the Roman military logistical system, from the unit level and upwards. This examination will aid in understanding the complexity of the Roman system and the Roman mindset, while highlighting how the lack of modern technology was overcome to maintain a highly organised and vast Empire. This will strengthen and support the assumption that an office organising military supply and their records most probably existed at multiple levels; the nome, the province and Empire. Moreover, the article inspects whether the logistical system endured the many crises of the 2nd and 3rd centuries CE. As there was no significant change during or after these events, this may indicate the resilience of the Roman system. It could also suggest that some of these crises were not deemed as such by the Romans, and/or that the military structure, especially its logistical-bureaucratic side, was not blamed for these military disasters.

Keywords: Roman Army; Logistics; Legions; Roman Egypt; Roman Strategy; Ancient Warfare

Acknowledgments

The author wishes to thank Lev Cosijns, Conor Whately, Sara Baldin, Audric Wannaz and François Marie Vincent Gerardin for their comments and suggestions. If there are still any mistakes in the article, they are mine and mine alone. The author, who is affiliated with the University of Warsaw, also wishes to thank his colleagues from the Ancient History Department for their constant support.

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Published Online: 2024-05-18
Published in Print: 2024-05-16

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  1. Titelseiten
  2. Aufsätze
  3. The Tyrants’ Cousins. Ruling Practices and Political Concepts between Anatolia and Early Greece
  4. Oligarchia Revisited
  5. Paradox of Voting: Extra-Urban Voters in the Late Roman Republic
  6. Quaestorian insignia on Roman Coins of the Late Republic
  7. Les citoyens romains à Cos du ier s. av. n.è. à 212 de n.è. Étude chronologique à partir d’un corpus prosopographique
  8. Los primeros magistrados de las colonias y municipios de época cesariano-augustea en la Hispania Ulterior Baetica
  9. Σενέκα οὐσία: considerazioni circa la formazione della proprietà di Seneca in Egitto (e la datazione del soggiorno senecano nella provincia)
  10. Logistics and Crises: Understanding Roman Military Logistics and Procedures from the Unit Level and Upwards in 2nd to 4th Centuries CE Egypt Using the Surviving ‘Paperwork’
  11. Literaturkritik
  12. Marie Oellig, Die Sukzession von Weltreichen. Zu den antiken Wurzeln einer geschichtsmächtigen Idee, Stuttgart (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2023 (Oriens et Occidens 38), 714 S., ISBN 978-3-515-13195-7 (geb.), € 98,–
  13. Irini Kyriakou, Généalogies épiques. Les fonctions de la parenté et les femmes ancêtres dans la poésie épique grecque archaïque, Berlin – Boston (De Gruyter) 2020 (Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 134), XI, 363 S., 9 Abb., 3 Tab., ISBN 978-3-11-065315-1 (geb.), € 134,95
  14. Sophie Marianne Bocksberger, Telamonian Ajax. The Myth in Archaic and Classical Greece, Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2022 (Oxford Classical Monograph), XXI, 304 S., 40 Abb., ISBN 978-0-19-886476-9 (geb.), £ 75,–
  15. Joachim Heiden (Hg.), Die antike Siedlungstopographie Triphyliens, Berlin (Gebr. Mann Verlag) 2020 (Athenaia 11), VIII, 234 S., 186 Abb., ISBN 978-3-7861-2812-0 (brosch.), € 59,–
  16. Judith M. Barringer, Olympia. A Cultural History, Princeton – Oxford (Princeton University Press) 2022, 336 S., 181 Abb., 2 Kt., ISBN 978-0-69121047-6 (geb.), £ 35,–
  17. Zinon Papakonstantinou, Sport and Identity in Ancient Greece, London – New York (Routledge) 2019, 236 S., ISBN 978-1-4724-3822-5 (geb.), £ 130,–
  18. Madalina Dana, La correspondance grecque privée sur plomb et sur tesson. Corpus épigraphique et commentaire historique, München (C.H.Beck) 2021 (Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte 73), XIX, 476 S., 221 Abb., ISBN 978-3-406-77439-3 (geb.), € 128,–
  19. Waldemar Heckel, Who’s Who in the Age of Alexander and his Successors. From Chaironeia to Ipsos (338–301 BC), London (Greenhill Books) 2021, 576 S., ISBN 978-1-78438-648-1 (geb.), £ 30,–
  20. Sviatoslav Dmitriev, The Orator Demades. Classical Greece Reimagined through Rhetoric, New York – Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2021, X, 336 S., ISBN 978-0-19-751782-6 (geb.), £ 82,–
  21. Ian Worthington, Athens after Empire. A History from Alexander the Great to the Emperor Hadrian, New York – Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2021, 432 S., ISBN 978-0-19-063398-1 (geb.), £ 35,49
  22. Julian Wünsch, Großmacht gegen lokale Machthaber. Die Herrschaftspraxis der Seleukiden an den Rändern ihres Reiches, Wiesbaden (Harrassowitz Verlag) 2022 (Philippika 164), 430 S., ISBN 978-3-447-11905-4 (geb.), € 98,–
  23. Dan-el Padilla Peralta, Divine Institutions. Religions and Community in the Middle Roman Republic, Princeton – Oxford (Princeton University Press) 2020, 344 S., 21 Abb., ISBN 978-0-691-16867-8 (geb.), £ 42,–
  24. Marian Helm, Kampf um Mittelitalien. Roms ungerader Weg zur Großmacht, Stuttgart (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2022 (Hermes – Einzelschriften 122), 450 S., 7 Kt., ISBN 978-3-515-13113-1 (geb.), € 91,–
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  27. Henrik Mouritsen, The Roman Elite and the End of the Republic. The Boni, the Nobles and Cicero, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2022, 348 S., ISBN 978-1-009-18065-8 (geb.), £ 75,–
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  29. Mareile Rassiller, Kaiserliche Autorität in Kult- und Göttermotiven. Eine Analyse der Münzen von Augustus bis Trajan, Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 2022 (Forum historische Forschung: Antike), 260 S., 72 Abb., ISBN 978-3-17-042049-6 (brosch.), € 58,–
  30. Claudia Schmieder, Bild und Text auf römischen Mosaiken. Intermediale Kommunikationsstrategien im Kontext der Wohnkultur des 3.–5. Jahrhunderts, Berlin – Boston (De Gruyter) 2022 (Materiale Textkulturen 35), IX, 598 S., 338 Abb., ISBN 978-3-11-077536-5 (geb.), € 129,95
  31. Silvia Evangelisti, I pantomimi nelle città dell’Italia romana, Rom (Edizioni Quasar) 2022 (Urbana Species 6), 207 S., ISBN 978-88-5491-200-7 (brosch.), € 15,–
  32. Jacob Burckhardt, Alte Geschichte, I: Ägypten und Alter Orient – Römische Geschichte: Republik, München (C.H.Beck) 2022 (JBW 23,1), aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben von Leonhard Burckhardt – Stefan Rebenich – Alfred Schmid – Jürgen von Ungern-Sternberg, 1421 S., 9 Abb., ISBN 978-3-406-78126-1 (geb.), € 248,–
https://doi.org/10.1515/klio-2023-0014
Keywords for this article
Roman Army; Logistics; Legions; Roman Egypt; Roman Strategy; Ancient Warfare

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Titelseiten
  2. Aufsätze
  3. The Tyrants’ Cousins. Ruling Practices and Political Concepts between Anatolia and Early Greece
  4. Oligarchia Revisited
  5. Paradox of Voting: Extra-Urban Voters in the Late Roman Republic
  6. Quaestorian insignia on Roman Coins of the Late Republic
  7. Les citoyens romains à Cos du ier s. av. n.è. à 212 de n.è. Étude chronologique à partir d’un corpus prosopographique
  8. Los primeros magistrados de las colonias y municipios de época cesariano-augustea en la Hispania Ulterior Baetica
  9. Σενέκα οὐσία: considerazioni circa la formazione della proprietà di Seneca in Egitto (e la datazione del soggiorno senecano nella provincia)
  10. Logistics and Crises: Understanding Roman Military Logistics and Procedures from the Unit Level and Upwards in 2nd to 4th Centuries CE Egypt Using the Surviving ‘Paperwork’
  11. Literaturkritik
  12. Marie Oellig, Die Sukzession von Weltreichen. Zu den antiken Wurzeln einer geschichtsmächtigen Idee, Stuttgart (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2023 (Oriens et Occidens 38), 714 S., ISBN 978-3-515-13195-7 (geb.), € 98,–
  13. Irini Kyriakou, Généalogies épiques. Les fonctions de la parenté et les femmes ancêtres dans la poésie épique grecque archaïque, Berlin – Boston (De Gruyter) 2020 (Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 134), XI, 363 S., 9 Abb., 3 Tab., ISBN 978-3-11-065315-1 (geb.), € 134,95
  14. Sophie Marianne Bocksberger, Telamonian Ajax. The Myth in Archaic and Classical Greece, Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2022 (Oxford Classical Monograph), XXI, 304 S., 40 Abb., ISBN 978-0-19-886476-9 (geb.), £ 75,–
  15. Joachim Heiden (Hg.), Die antike Siedlungstopographie Triphyliens, Berlin (Gebr. Mann Verlag) 2020 (Athenaia 11), VIII, 234 S., 186 Abb., ISBN 978-3-7861-2812-0 (brosch.), € 59,–
  16. Judith M. Barringer, Olympia. A Cultural History, Princeton – Oxford (Princeton University Press) 2022, 336 S., 181 Abb., 2 Kt., ISBN 978-0-69121047-6 (geb.), £ 35,–
  17. Zinon Papakonstantinou, Sport and Identity in Ancient Greece, London – New York (Routledge) 2019, 236 S., ISBN 978-1-4724-3822-5 (geb.), £ 130,–
  18. Madalina Dana, La correspondance grecque privée sur plomb et sur tesson. Corpus épigraphique et commentaire historique, München (C.H.Beck) 2021 (Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte 73), XIX, 476 S., 221 Abb., ISBN 978-3-406-77439-3 (geb.), € 128,–
  19. Waldemar Heckel, Who’s Who in the Age of Alexander and his Successors. From Chaironeia to Ipsos (338–301 BC), London (Greenhill Books) 2021, 576 S., ISBN 978-1-78438-648-1 (geb.), £ 30,–
  20. Sviatoslav Dmitriev, The Orator Demades. Classical Greece Reimagined through Rhetoric, New York – Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2021, X, 336 S., ISBN 978-0-19-751782-6 (geb.), £ 82,–
  21. Ian Worthington, Athens after Empire. A History from Alexander the Great to the Emperor Hadrian, New York – Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2021, 432 S., ISBN 978-0-19-063398-1 (geb.), £ 35,49
  22. Julian Wünsch, Großmacht gegen lokale Machthaber. Die Herrschaftspraxis der Seleukiden an den Rändern ihres Reiches, Wiesbaden (Harrassowitz Verlag) 2022 (Philippika 164), 430 S., ISBN 978-3-447-11905-4 (geb.), € 98,–
  23. Dan-el Padilla Peralta, Divine Institutions. Religions and Community in the Middle Roman Republic, Princeton – Oxford (Princeton University Press) 2020, 344 S., 21 Abb., ISBN 978-0-691-16867-8 (geb.), £ 42,–
  24. Marian Helm, Kampf um Mittelitalien. Roms ungerader Weg zur Großmacht, Stuttgart (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2022 (Hermes – Einzelschriften 122), 450 S., 7 Kt., ISBN 978-3-515-13113-1 (geb.), € 91,–
  25. Dominic M. Machado, Voluntas Militum. Community, Collective Action, and Popular Power in the Armies of the Middle Republic (300–100 BCE), Sevilla (Editorial Universidad de Sevilla) 2023, 346 S., ISBN 978-84-472-2496-8 (brosch.), € 28,–
  26. Chantal Gabrielli, Res publica servanda est. La svolta dei Gracchi tra prassi politica e violenza nella riflessione storiografica, Sevilla (Editorial Universidad de Sevilla) 2022 (Libera Res Publica 7), 230 S., ISBN 978-84-472-2346-6 (brosch.), € 22,–
  27. Henrik Mouritsen, The Roman Elite and the End of the Republic. The Boni, the Nobles and Cicero, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2022, 348 S., ISBN 978-1-009-18065-8 (geb.), £ 75,–
  28. Hartwin Brandt, Die Kaiserzeit. Römische Geschichte von Octavian bis Diocletian. 31 v. Chr.–284 n. Chr., München (C.H.Beck) 2021 (Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft Abt. 3, T. 11), XII, 707 S., 3 Kt., 4 Taf., ISBN 978-3-406-77502-4 (geb.), € 98,–
  29. Mareile Rassiller, Kaiserliche Autorität in Kult- und Göttermotiven. Eine Analyse der Münzen von Augustus bis Trajan, Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 2022 (Forum historische Forschung: Antike), 260 S., 72 Abb., ISBN 978-3-17-042049-6 (brosch.), € 58,–
  30. Claudia Schmieder, Bild und Text auf römischen Mosaiken. Intermediale Kommunikationsstrategien im Kontext der Wohnkultur des 3.–5. Jahrhunderts, Berlin – Boston (De Gruyter) 2022 (Materiale Textkulturen 35), IX, 598 S., 338 Abb., ISBN 978-3-11-077536-5 (geb.), € 129,95
  31. Silvia Evangelisti, I pantomimi nelle città dell’Italia romana, Rom (Edizioni Quasar) 2022 (Urbana Species 6), 207 S., ISBN 978-88-5491-200-7 (brosch.), € 15,–
  32. Jacob Burckhardt, Alte Geschichte, I: Ägypten und Alter Orient – Römische Geschichte: Republik, München (C.H.Beck) 2022 (JBW 23,1), aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben von Leonhard Burckhardt – Stefan Rebenich – Alfred Schmid – Jürgen von Ungern-Sternberg, 1421 S., 9 Abb., ISBN 978-3-406-78126-1 (geb.), € 248,–
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