First nuclear activation experiments using the new accelerator NUCLOTRON in Dubna
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J. Adam
Abstract
First nuclear activation experiments have been carried out using the new accelerator for relativistic particles NUCLOTRON in Dubna. The distribution of neutrons emitted during the irradiation with 0.65, 1.0 and 1.5 GeV protons from a lead target (∅ = 8 cm, l = 20 cm) and moderated by surrounding paraffin of 6 cm thickness was studied with radiochemical sensors along the beam axis on top of the moderator. Small 139Lasensors of approximately 1 g each were used to measure essentially the thermal neutron fluence at different depths near the surface: i. e. on top of the moderator, in 10 mm deep holes and in 20 mm deep holes, respectively. The reaction 139La (n, γ) 140La (τ1/2 = 40.27 h) was studied using standard procedures of gamma-ray spectrometry and data analysis. The induced activity of 140La increases strongly with the depth of the hole inside the moderator. Its activity distribution along the beam direction on top of the moderator has its maximum about 10 cm downstream the entrance of the protons into the lead and the activity increases about linearily with the proton energy. Some comparisons of the experimental results with model estimations based on the LAHET code are also presented. The experiments were carried out in the Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energies of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russian Federation.
Abstract
Erste Aktivierungsexperimente wurden durchgeführt mit Hilfe des neuen Beschleunigers NUCLOTRON in Dubna. Die Verteilung der Neutronen, die während der Bestrahlung mit 0,65, 1,0 und 1,5 GeV Protonen aus dem Bleitarget (∅ = 8 cm, l = 20 cm) emittiert und durch das umgebende 6 cm dicke Paraffin moderiert werden, wurde mit Hilfe radiochemischer Sensoren entlang der Strahlachse untersucht. Kleine 139La-Sensoren wurden verwendet um im Wesentlichen die thermische Neutronenfluenz in verschiedenen Tiefen nahe der Oberfläche zu messen. Die Reaktion 139La (n, γ) 140La (τ1/2 = 40.27 h) wurde untersucht mit Hilfe von Standardverfahren der Gammaspektrometrie und Datenanalyse. Die induzierte Aktivität von 140La erhöht sich stark mit der Tiefe des Loches innerhalb des Moderators. Das Maximum der Aktivitätsverteilung entlang der Strahlrichtung liegt bei etwa 10 cm unterhalb des Eintritts der Protonen in das Bleitarget und die Aktivität erhöht sich linear mit der Protonenenergie. Einige Vergleiche der experimentellen Ergebnisse mit Modellrechnungen des LAHET Computercodes werden vorgestellt. Die Experimente wurden durchgeführt im Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energies des Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russland.
Acknowledgements
All authors are very indebted to LHE Director, Prof. M. I. Malakhov and his colleagues, Prof. I.A. Shelaev and Prof. A. D. Kovalenko and the personnel of the LHE accelerator complex. One of us (Kh. M. Hella) acknowledges the kind hospitality of all colleagues at the LHE during his stay in Dubna working for his Ph.D.
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© 2003 Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Summaries
- Summaries/Kurzfassungen
- Biokinetic model for the calculation of dose coefficients for oral and intravenous administration of 14C labeled drugs
- First nuclear activation experiments using the new accelerator NUCLOTRON in Dubna
- Charge fragmentation in cosmic radiation – and the question of physical anomalons
- Measurements of gamma and neutron flux spectra in iron-water configurations
- Experimental and analytical investigation of the ITU TRIGA Mark-II reactor core
- Books. Bücher
- Books. Bücher
- Experimental studies on condensation of steam mixed with noncondensable gas inside the vertical tube in a pool filled with subcooled water
- Books. Bücher
- Books. Bücher
- A mathematic model of two-phase flow taking account of sub-cooled boiling, condensation, and void flashing
- Books. Bücher
- A new approach to authorisation in the field of radiological protection
- Experimental study on natural convection in the vertical enclosure of a double coaxial cylinder
- Technical Note
- Integral nucleus-nucleus cross-sections
- Books. Bücher
- Books. Bücher
- Technical Note
- Fermat’s optics in nuclear materials
- Advances
- Patent
- Patent
- Note. Mitteilung
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Summaries
- Summaries/Kurzfassungen
- Biokinetic model for the calculation of dose coefficients for oral and intravenous administration of 14C labeled drugs
- First nuclear activation experiments using the new accelerator NUCLOTRON in Dubna
- Charge fragmentation in cosmic radiation – and the question of physical anomalons
- Measurements of gamma and neutron flux spectra in iron-water configurations
- Experimental and analytical investigation of the ITU TRIGA Mark-II reactor core
- Books. Bücher
- Books. Bücher
- Experimental studies on condensation of steam mixed with noncondensable gas inside the vertical tube in a pool filled with subcooled water
- Books. Bücher
- Books. Bücher
- A mathematic model of two-phase flow taking account of sub-cooled boiling, condensation, and void flashing
- Books. Bücher
- A new approach to authorisation in the field of radiological protection
- Experimental study on natural convection in the vertical enclosure of a double coaxial cylinder
- Technical Note
- Integral nucleus-nucleus cross-sections
- Books. Bücher
- Books. Bücher
- Technical Note
- Fermat’s optics in nuclear materials
- Advances
- Patent
- Patent
- Note. Mitteilung
