The correlation of fetal cardiac function with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and oxidative stress levels
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Abstract
Background
The primary objective of this study was to compare the fetal cardiac performance index (Tei index) between the fetuses of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers and non-GDM mothers; and the secondary objective was to compare various other parameters of fetal cardiac function as well as maternal oxidative stress levels between the groups of GDM and non-GDM mothers.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. All of the participants underwent 100 g, 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a diagnostic test for GDM and were categorized as non-GDM and GDM group. All participants had fetal echocardiography performed for cardiac function, and then maternal blood samples were collected for biomarker measurements.
Results
A total of 80 pregnant women, including 43 in the GDM group and 37 in the non-GDM group, were included in the study. The maternal serum 8-isoprostane (8IsoP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 levels were significantly higher in the GDM group than those in the non-GDM group (P: 0.028, P: 0.019 and P: 0.031, respectively). The fetal cardiac function parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Regardless of the GDM status, the fetuses with high levels of oxidative stress (8Isop ≥1000 pg/mg protein) had a significantly higher rate of impaired shortening fraction (SF) of the left ventricle (P: 0.001).
Conclusion
GDM is significantly associated with an increase in the oxidative stress process, and a high level of oxidative stress was significantly associated with left ventricular (LV) function impairment. Though a correlation between GDM and fetal cardiac function impairment was not clearly demonstrated in this study, this study suggests that GDM patients with a high level of oxidative stress should be evaluated for fetal cardiac function.
Acknowledgments
Laboratory provider at Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center (CERT), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand for best support.
Research funding: This work was supported by Faculty of Medicine Research Fund, Chiang Mai University (grant 50-2558; TT), the NSTDA Research Chair Grant from the National Science and Technology Development Agency Thailand (NC), the Thailand Research Fund MRG5980222 (SK), and the Chiang Mai University Center of Excellence Award (NC).
Author contributions: Conceived and designed the study: TL, PJ, TT; Performed the clinical experiment: TL, PJ; Performed laboratory experiment: SK, RS, TJ, NC; Analyzed the data: TT; Wrote the manuscript: PJ; Edited the manuscript: TT, NC. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
Ethical approval: Ethical approval was obtained from the Chiang Mai University Ethical Committee.
References
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©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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- Pandemic corona virus issue – how do we respond?
- Review
- COVID-19 and pregnancy – where are we now? A review
- Opinion Paper
- Expanding the concept of the professional integrity of obstetrics during a public health emergency
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- Original Articles – Newborns
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorials
- Newborns at risk of COVID-19
- Pandemic corona virus issue – how do we respond?
- Review
- COVID-19 and pregnancy – where are we now? A review
- Opinion Paper
- Expanding the concept of the professional integrity of obstetrics during a public health emergency
- Corner of Academy
- COVID-19 infection during pregnancy: fetus as a patient deserves more attention
- Are Covid-19-positive mothers dangerous for their term and well newborn babies? Is there an answer?
- Short Communication
- Novel coronavirus, novel faculty development programs: rapid transition to eLearning during the pandemic
- Commentaries
- Professionally responsible counseling about birth location during the COVID-19 pandemic
- The care of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic – response of a large health system in metropolitan New York
- Obituary
- Isaac Blickstein, MD
- Original Articles – Obstetrics
- The impact of general anesthesia on mother-infant bonding for puerperants who undergo emergency cesarean deliveries
- The correlation of fetal cardiac function with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and oxidative stress levels
- Pregnancy in patients with hemoglobinopathies: 30-year results of a Greek Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Department
- Assessing the utility of the Healthy Start Screen to predict an elevated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score
- Safety of misoprostol vaginal insert for labor induction using standard vs. adjusted retrieval criteria: a comparative cohort study
- Influence of non-pharmacological obstetric interventions on adverse outcomes of childbirth under regional analgesia
- Doppler evaluation of the posterior cerebral artery in fetuses with transposition of great arteries
- Original Articles – Newborns
- Group B streptococcal transmission rates as determined by PCR
- Rates of metabolic acidosis at birth and Apgar score values at 1, 5, and 10 min in term infants: a Swedish cohort study
- Short Communication
- Placental delayed villous maturation is associated with evidence of chronic fetal hypoxia
