Home Medicine Screening of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase like (LOXL) enzyme expression and activity in preterm prelabor rupture of fetal membranes
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Screening of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase like (LOXL) enzyme expression and activity in preterm prelabor rupture of fetal membranes

  • Jossimara Polettini , Marcia G. Silva , Marian Kacerovsky , Tariq A. Syed , George R. Saade and Ramkumar Menon ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 23, 2015

Abstract

Objective: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX like enzymes (LOXL1–4) physiologically remodel extracellular matrix and pathologically contribute to cellular senescence under oxidative stress (OS). We characterized LOX and LOXL expressions and activity in human fetal membranes.

Methods: Human fetal membranes from women with uncomplicated pregnancies at term, preterm birth with intact membranes (PTB) or preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (pPROM), and in vitro fetal membranes stimulated with water-soluble cigarette smoke extract (CSE), an OS inducer, were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry for LOX and LOXL (1–4) expression and localization. LOX activity was measured by fluorometric assay.

Results:LOX gene expression was ∼2.5-fold higher in fetal membranes from pPROM compared to PTB and term (P=0.02). LOX and LOXL1, 2 and 4 were localized to both amniotic and chorionic cells, whereas LOXL3 was limited to chorion. LOX and LOXL isoform expressions were not different between CSE treated and untreated groups, while LOX activity was increased in the presence of an antioxidant (P=0.02).

Conclusions: Increase of LOX expression in pPROM, an OS-related disease, and the apparent inhibition of LOX activity by CSE restored by antioxidant treatment suggest that reactive oxygen species might influence LOX-mediated tissue remodeling in fetal membranes. Balanced antioxidant supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of pPROM by increasing LOX activity.


Corresponding author: Ramkumar Menon, MS, PhD, Assistant Professor, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., MRB, Room 11.138, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA, Tel.: +1-409-772-7596, E-mail: .

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The authors stated that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Received: 2014-11-5
Accepted: 2015-4-24
Published Online: 2015-5-23
Published in Print: 2016-1-1

©2016 by De Gruyter

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