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Influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus after one year of follow-up

  • Verónica Gimeno-Hernández Garza EMAIL logo , Irene Antoñanzas Torres , Esther Pitarch Roca , María Vázquez Sánchez , Marta Ferrer Lozano and Antonio de Arriba Muñoz
Published/Copyright: May 30, 2022
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
From the journal Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Volume 35 Issue 7

Abstract

Objectives

Lockdown during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic generated uncertainty regarding its effects on the control of type 1 diabetes (DM1). Our study aims to evaluate the influence of the pandemic on the control of paediatric patients with DM1.

Methods

Longitudinal, retrospective, observational study in patients with DM1 attended between 15/10/2019 and 15/03/2020. Data were collected at that visit and at the three subsequent visits. The second was remote in 50% of cases. The variables analysed were: type of insulin therapy, time in range (TIR), time in hypoglycaemia (THypo), time in hyperglycaemia (THyper), coefficient of variation (CV), glycosylated haemoglobin, insulin requirements and anthropometric data.

Results

157 patients were recruited. At the post-lockdown visit, the TIR increased and the THyper decreased with respect to the first (p<0.00) and second (p<0.00) visits. Patients treated with subcutaneous infusion showed a higher TIR at the third visit (p=0.03) and lower insulin requirements at the fourth visit (p=0.03) compared to patients treated with multiple doses. Patients with a remote visit presented a higher TIR (p<0.00), a lower THyper (p=0.00) and lower insulin requirements (p=0.01) at the next visit. Patients aged less than 6 years presented a lower glycosylated haemoglobin (p=0.01) and insulin requirements at the third (p=0.03) and fourth (p=0.01) visits, and a lower increase in body mass index (p=0.03) over the year.

Conclusions

Metabolic control improved at the post-lockdown visit. Patients treated with subcutaneous infusion, those who had a remote visit during strict lockdown and those aged less than 6 years had a better evolution.

Keywords: coronavirus infection; paediatrics; type 1 diabetes mellitus
Corresponding author: Verónica Gimeno-Hernández Garza, Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Edifico Hospital Materno Infantil, Paseo Isabel La Católica, 1-3,50009, Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain, E-mail:

  1. Research funding: This research did not receive any specific funding from agents in the public sector, private sector or non-governmental organisations.

  2. Author contributions: We hereby declare that all authors: Have contributed to the study conception and design, and to data collection, analysis and interpretation. Have participated in drafting the article or substantially reviewing the intellectual content. Have approved the final version of the manuscript. Are responsible for all aspects of the manuscript in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of all parts of the work were adequately investigated and resolved.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors do not have any conflicts of interest.

  4. Ethical/regulatory aspects: The study was conducted in accordance with the basic principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The highest standards of professional conduct and confidentiality were maintained throughout the study, and applicable national data protection law was followed at all times. Patients’ right to confidentiality is paramount. Patient identity in the study documents is coded and only authorised persons have access to the personal details that may identify the patient should this be required by data verification procedures. The personal details that may identify the patient will always remain confidential. To participate in the study, the legal representatives of the subjects and the subjects themselves, when they were considered mature minors (aged 16 years or older),were required to sign an informed consent. The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Autonomous Community and by the Medical Board at the hospital. Patient confidentiality and anonymity was maintained at all times.

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Received: 2022-02-12
Accepted: 2022-05-04
Published Online: 2022-05-30
Published in Print: 2022-07-26

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Articles
  3. The effects of topical iodine containing antiseptics on thyroidal status and early neurodevelopment of preterm infants
  4. Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on presentation and referral patterns of newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes in a developing country
  5. Influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus after one year of follow-up
  6. Combined diagnostic value of insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and baseline luteinizing hormone levels for central precocious puberty in girls
  7. Differences in the proportion of Croatian adolescents with abnormal individual metabolic syndrome components adjusted to gender and different criterion for individual metabolic syndrome component
  8. Low HDL-C is a non-fasting marker of insulin resistance in children
  9. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on idiopathic central precocious puberty – experience from an Indian centre
  10. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density in adolescents: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
  11. Long-term follow-up of alkaptonuria patients: single center experience
  12. Local aromatase excess with recruitment of unusual promoters of CYP19A1 gene in prepubertal patients with gynecomastia
  13. Urinary phthalate concentrations are associated with total fat mass in Thai children
  14. Clinical profile and aetiologies of delayed puberty: a 15 years’ experience from a tertiary centre in Sudan
  15. Case Reports
  16. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4 due to a novel PTRF/CAVIN1 pathogenic variant in a child: effects of metreleptin substitution
  17. Prepubertal and pubertal gonadal morphology, expression of cell lineage markers and hormonal evaluation in two 46,XY siblings with 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency
  18. Pleomorphism of the HPG axis with NR0B1 gene mutation — a case report of longitudinal follow-up of a proband with central precocious puberty
  19. Successful treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia with icosapent ethyl in a case of congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4
https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2022-0222
Keywords for this article
coronavirus infection; paediatrics; type 1 diabetes mellitus

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Articles
  3. The effects of topical iodine containing antiseptics on thyroidal status and early neurodevelopment of preterm infants
  4. Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on presentation and referral patterns of newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes in a developing country
  5. Influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus after one year of follow-up
  6. Combined diagnostic value of insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and baseline luteinizing hormone levels for central precocious puberty in girls
  7. Differences in the proportion of Croatian adolescents with abnormal individual metabolic syndrome components adjusted to gender and different criterion for individual metabolic syndrome component
  8. Low HDL-C is a non-fasting marker of insulin resistance in children
  9. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on idiopathic central precocious puberty – experience from an Indian centre
  10. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density in adolescents: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
  11. Long-term follow-up of alkaptonuria patients: single center experience
  12. Local aromatase excess with recruitment of unusual promoters of CYP19A1 gene in prepubertal patients with gynecomastia
  13. Urinary phthalate concentrations are associated with total fat mass in Thai children
  14. Clinical profile and aetiologies of delayed puberty: a 15 years’ experience from a tertiary centre in Sudan
  15. Case Reports
  16. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4 due to a novel PTRF/CAVIN1 pathogenic variant in a child: effects of metreleptin substitution
  17. Prepubertal and pubertal gonadal morphology, expression of cell lineage markers and hormonal evaluation in two 46,XY siblings with 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency
  18. Pleomorphism of the HPG axis with NR0B1 gene mutation — a case report of longitudinal follow-up of a proband with central precocious puberty
  19. Successful treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia with icosapent ethyl in a case of congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4
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