Adiposity and adipocytokines: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness and pubertal stage in girls
-
Caroline Brand
,
Neiva Leite
Abstract
Background
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and pubertal stages have been related to many health outcomes, including obesity and adipocytokines. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the moderator role of CRF and pubertal stage in the relationship between adiposity and adipocytokines in girls.
Method
This cross-sectional study was performed with 42 pre-pubertal girls aged from 7 to 11 years and 54 post-pubertal girls aged from 13 to 17 years. Blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin, and then the leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio) was calculated. CRF, anthropometric and body composition indicators were assessed. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and several linear regression models were used. The moderation analysis was tested using the PROCESS macro.
Results
An interaction between body mass index (BMI) and CRF (β: –0.70; confidence interval [CI]: –1.29, –0.12), as well as between BMI and pubertal stage (β: 0.79; CI: 0.28, 1.30) with leptin, was found. Regarding the L/A ratio, an interaction was found only in BMI × CRF (β: –0.56; CI: –1.06, –0.06). Using a combined interaction (CRF and pubertal stage), the results showed a positive association between BMI with leptin and L/A ratio only in low CRF, pre-pubertal and post-pubertal stages.
Conclusion
This study suggests a protective role of high levels of CRF in the relationship between BMI and adipocytokines. Despite the effect of pubertal stage, the results suggest that youth should be engaged in physical activity in order to improve CRF levels and consequently improve cardiometabolic health.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the research fellowship from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) Brazil and The scholarships from the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) Brazil. Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Portugal: SFRH/BSAB/142983/2018 and UID/DTP/00617/2019 as well as Santander University Scholarship Program 2018.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, process number 401969/2016-9/, Funder Id: 10.13039/501100003593 Universal Announcement.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Improved adherence and growth outcomes with jet-delivered growth hormone
- Validation of the Greek version of the Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth (QoLISSY) questionnaire
- Growth hormone deficiency in children with antenatal Bartter syndrome
- Physical growth and development characteristics of children with Williams syndrome aged 0–24 months in Zhejiang Province
- Adiposity and adipocytokines: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness and pubertal stage in girls
- Serum omentin-1 levels in obese children
- A pilot study on newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Beijing
- Typical characteristics of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency: a single-centre experience and review of the literature
- Studying the effect of large neutral amino acid supplements on oxidative stress in phenylketonuric patients
- The effect of therapy on plasma ghrelin and leptin levels, and appetite in children with iron deficiency anemia
- The effect of PKU diet on the maternal quality of life and social discrimination in relation to their educational status and place of living
- Evaluating the four most important salivary sex steroids during male puberty: testosterone best characterizes pubertal development
- Case Reports
- Identification of two novel TPK1 gene mutations in a Chinese patient with thiamine pyrophosphokinase deficiency undergoing whole exome sequencing
- A rare case of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) due to dual genetic aetiology involving HNF4A and ABCC8
- Cinacalcet therapy in an infant with an R185Q calcium-sensing receptor mutation causing hyperparathyroidism: a case report and review of the literature
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Improved adherence and growth outcomes with jet-delivered growth hormone
- Validation of the Greek version of the Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth (QoLISSY) questionnaire
- Growth hormone deficiency in children with antenatal Bartter syndrome
- Physical growth and development characteristics of children with Williams syndrome aged 0–24 months in Zhejiang Province
- Adiposity and adipocytokines: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness and pubertal stage in girls
- Serum omentin-1 levels in obese children
- A pilot study on newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Beijing
- Typical characteristics of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency: a single-centre experience and review of the literature
- Studying the effect of large neutral amino acid supplements on oxidative stress in phenylketonuric patients
- The effect of therapy on plasma ghrelin and leptin levels, and appetite in children with iron deficiency anemia
- The effect of PKU diet on the maternal quality of life and social discrimination in relation to their educational status and place of living
- Evaluating the four most important salivary sex steroids during male puberty: testosterone best characterizes pubertal development
- Case Reports
- Identification of two novel TPK1 gene mutations in a Chinese patient with thiamine pyrophosphokinase deficiency undergoing whole exome sequencing
- A rare case of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) due to dual genetic aetiology involving HNF4A and ABCC8
- Cinacalcet therapy in an infant with an R185Q calcium-sensing receptor mutation causing hyperparathyroidism: a case report and review of the literature
