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Vitamin D supplementation, the metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese children

  • Tal Grunwald , Shruti Fadia , Bruce Bernstein , Matthew Naliborski , Shufang Wu and Francesco De Luca EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: December 15, 2016
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
From the journal Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Volume 30 Issue 4

Abstract

Background:

Previous studies suggest that vitamin D may play a role in cardiovascular and metabolic health. Oxidative stress has also been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. Evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the occurrence of oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine whether treatment and correction of vitamin D deficiency in obese children led to changes in their metabolic profile, independent of changes in adiposity. In addition, we aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency and oxidative stress are causally related in obese children.

Methods:

In the retrospective arm, chart review identified 32 obese children who experienced normalization of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency with vitamin D supplementation. We then correlated laboratory and anthropometric data with vitamin D levels. In the prospective arm of the study, urinary 8-isoprostane and hydrogen peroxide were measured before and after correction of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and correlated to vitamin D levels in seven patients.

Results:

In our predominantly Hispanic population of obese children in an urban setting, we demonstrated a cause-effect relationship between vitamin D deficiency and oxidative stress. In contrast, we found no association between vitamin D status, adiposity, and markers of insulin sensitivity, nor any effect of vitamin D treatment on the same parameters.

Conclusions:

These discordant findings suggest a differential effect of vitamin D on cardiovascular risk factors such as oxidative stress and insulin resistance. To confirm these findings, further prospective studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up are warranted.

Keywords: metabolism; obesity; vitamin D
Corresponding author: Francesco De Luca, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children, 160 East Erie Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA, Phone: 215-427-8101, Fax: 215-427-8105

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted article and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Employment or leadership: None declared.

  4. Honorarium: None declared.

  5. Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

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Received: 2016-5-26
Accepted: 2016-11-4
Published Online: 2016-12-15
Published in Print: 2017-4-1

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Pediatric endocrinology is pediatrics is public health
  4. Original Articles
  5. Total body fat, abdominal fat, body fat distribution and surrogate markers for health related to adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) in children
  6. Vitamin D supplementation, the metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese children
  7. Vitamin D status in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes and the role of vitamin D replacement in glycemic control
  8. Cross-sectional analysis of universal vitamin D supplementation in former East Germany during the first year of life
  9. Ethnicity and incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in the capital of Macedonia
  10. Changes of thyroid hormonal status in patients receiving ketogenic diet due to intractable epilepsy
  11. Leptin and adiponectin levels in discordant dichorionic twins at 72 hours of age-associations with anthropometric parameters and insulin resistance
  12. Analysis of growth hormone receptor gene expression in tall and short stature children
  13. Clinical features of girls with short stature among inv (9), Turner (45, X) and control individuals
  14. Hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets in Lebanese patients: the p.R391S and p.H397P variants have different phenotypes
  15. Associations between obesity, adverse behavioral patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent inhabitants of a Greek island
  16. Increase of body mass index (BMI) from 1.5 to 3 years of age augments the degree of insulin resistance corresponding to BMI at 12 years of age
  17. Case Reports
  18. The variable clinical phenotype of three patients with hepatic glycogen synthase deficiency
  19. Molecular defects identified by whole exome sequencing in a child with atypical mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB
  20. Clinical presentation and treatment response to diazoxide in two siblings with congenital hyperinsulinism as a result of a novel compound heterozygous ABCC8 missense mutation
  21. Cushing’s syndrome in infancy due to ectopic ACTH secretion by a sacro-coccygeal teratoma
  22. Letters to the Editor
  23. Growth-hormone deficiency in mitochondrial disorders
  24. Response to Growth hormone deficiency in mitochondrial disorders
https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2016-0211
Keywords for this article
metabolism; obesity; vitamin D

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Pediatric endocrinology is pediatrics is public health
  4. Original Articles
  5. Total body fat, abdominal fat, body fat distribution and surrogate markers for health related to adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) in children
  6. Vitamin D supplementation, the metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese children
  7. Vitamin D status in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes and the role of vitamin D replacement in glycemic control
  8. Cross-sectional analysis of universal vitamin D supplementation in former East Germany during the first year of life
  9. Ethnicity and incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in the capital of Macedonia
  10. Changes of thyroid hormonal status in patients receiving ketogenic diet due to intractable epilepsy
  11. Leptin and adiponectin levels in discordant dichorionic twins at 72 hours of age-associations with anthropometric parameters and insulin resistance
  12. Analysis of growth hormone receptor gene expression in tall and short stature children
  13. Clinical features of girls with short stature among inv (9), Turner (45, X) and control individuals
  14. Hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets in Lebanese patients: the p.R391S and p.H397P variants have different phenotypes
  15. Associations between obesity, adverse behavioral patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent inhabitants of a Greek island
  16. Increase of body mass index (BMI) from 1.5 to 3 years of age augments the degree of insulin resistance corresponding to BMI at 12 years of age
  17. Case Reports
  18. The variable clinical phenotype of three patients with hepatic glycogen synthase deficiency
  19. Molecular defects identified by whole exome sequencing in a child with atypical mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB
  20. Clinical presentation and treatment response to diazoxide in two siblings with congenital hyperinsulinism as a result of a novel compound heterozygous ABCC8 missense mutation
  21. Cushing’s syndrome in infancy due to ectopic ACTH secretion by a sacro-coccygeal teratoma
  22. Letters to the Editor
  23. Growth-hormone deficiency in mitochondrial disorders
  24. Response to Growth hormone deficiency in mitochondrial disorders
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