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Investigation of non-equilibrium separation time on the partitioning of cephalexin in an aqueous two-phase system composed of glucose and acetonitrile

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Published/Copyright: July 17, 2023
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Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
From the journal Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics Volume 48 Issue 4

Abstract

In order to commercialize aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs), not only the equilibrium data is essential, but also the knowledge of separation mechanisms, kinetics, settling time, and operational conditions are needed. Mixing duration and settling time are the most critical factors affecting separation and biomolecule partitioning in terms of economic aspects. This research aimed to find the desired conditions for separating cephalexin in an ATPS consisting of acetonitrile, glucose, and water. Firstly, the evolution of the interphase region was observed. Hereafter, to examine the effect of time on the experimental tie-lines and partition coefficient in non-equilibrium states, the settling time was varied from 2 min to 24 h. In addition, centrifugation was applied to help the separation at different time intervals and rotational speeds. The results of tie-lines slope and partitioning coefficients showed that the system approaches equilibrium after 5 h. However, using the centrifuge separation at 4000 rpm improved the separation time to 45 min, reaching 80 % of the actual partition coefficient. It can be concluded that with an acceptable tolerance in the partition coefficient, a remarkably diminished settling time is available for economic productivity in industrial units.

Keywords: aqueous two-phase system; cephalexin; non-equilibrium; partitioning coefficient; phase separation
Corresponding author: Javad Rahbar Shahrouzi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran, E-mail: .

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/jnet-2023-0028).

Received: 2023-03-17
Accepted: 2023-06-28
Published Online: 2023-07-17
Published in Print: 2023-10-26

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Research Articles
  3. Concepts of phenomenological irreversible quantum thermodynamics II: time dependent statistical ensembles of bipartite systems
  4. Oblique shock wave in turbulent flow
  5. Thermodynamic analysis of the effect of rotation on gas adsorption
  6. Relations between timescales of stochastic thermodynamic observables
  7. Uncovering enzymatic structural adaptations from energy dissipation
  8. Investigation of non-equilibrium separation time on the partitioning of cephalexin in an aqueous two-phase system composed of glucose and acetonitrile
  9. Computational radiative transport in complex geometries using orthogonal coordinates
  10. Effect of non-ideal gas working fluid on power and efficiency performances of an irreversible Otto cycle
  11. Improved modeling of Janus membrane considering the influence of hydrophilic layer characteristics
https://doi.org/10.1515/jnet-2023-0028
Keywords for this article
aqueous two-phase system; cephalexin; non-equilibrium; partitioning coefficient; phase separation

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Research Articles
  3. Concepts of phenomenological irreversible quantum thermodynamics II: time dependent statistical ensembles of bipartite systems
  4. Oblique shock wave in turbulent flow
  5. Thermodynamic analysis of the effect of rotation on gas adsorption
  6. Relations between timescales of stochastic thermodynamic observables
  7. Uncovering enzymatic structural adaptations from energy dissipation
  8. Investigation of non-equilibrium separation time on the partitioning of cephalexin in an aqueous two-phase system composed of glucose and acetonitrile
  9. Computational radiative transport in complex geometries using orthogonal coordinates
  10. Effect of non-ideal gas working fluid on power and efficiency performances of an irreversible Otto cycle
  11. Improved modeling of Janus membrane considering the influence of hydrophilic layer characteristics
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