Abstract
Objectives
The use of medications for the treatment of various diseases often results in kidney damage. Apitherapy is a natural therapeutic tool with potential utility for this purpose. This narrative review analyzes and summarizes the scientific evidence on the use of apitherapy in drug-induced kidney disease.
Content
This review summarizes and analyzes recent advances in drug-induced kidney disease and explores, based on the available scientific evidence, how apitherapy can modify these mechanisms and be utilized for prevention and treatment.
Summary
Apitherapy (the complementary and integrative use of beehive products) is a potentially useful therapeutic system for the treatment of various diseases. This review examines the preclinical and clinical evidence available regarding its potential use in drug-induced kidney disease.
Outlook
Apitherapy has effects on various pathophysiological mechanisms of drug-induced kidney disease, including oxidative stress, inflammation, decreased renal blood flow, glomerular damage, increased membrane permeability, activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Further studies in humans are needed to evaluate its efficacy in the clinical setting, but the available evidence is promising.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Informed consent: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: Andrés Jagua-Gualdrón. Design of conceptual categories, review of the pathophysiology, and examination of pre-clinical and clinical scientific evidence. Nicolai Andrés García-Reyes. Review of the pathophysiology, and examination of pre-clinical and clinical scientific evidence. Holman Leonardo Africano-Lopez. Review of the pathophysiology and clinical scientific evidence.
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Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: No AI tools were used.
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Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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