Alpha2-antiplasmin deficiency affects depression and anxiety-like behavior and apoptosis induced by stress in mice
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Yosuke Kanno
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Kaho Tsuchida
Abstract
Objectives
Depression is a psychiatric disorder that affects about 10% of the world’s population and is accompanied by anxiety. Depression and anxiety are often caused by various stresses. However, the etiology of depression and anxiety remains unknown. It has been reported that alpha2-antiplasmin (α2AP) not only inhibits plasmin but also has various functions such as cytokine production and cell growth. This study aimed to determine the roles of α2AP on the stress-induced depression and anxiety.
Methods
We investigated the mild repeated restraint stress-induced depressive and anxiety-like behavior in the α2AP+/+ and α2AP−/− mice using the social interaction test (SIT), sucrose preference test (SPT), and elevated plus maze (EPM).
Results
The stresses such as the mild repeated restraint stress suppressed α2AP expression in the hippocampus of mice, and the treatment of fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI]) recovered the stress-caused α2AP suppression. We also showed that α2AP deficiency promoted the mild restraint stress-stimulated depression-like behavior such as social withdrawal and apathy and apoptosis in mice. In contrast, α2AP deficiency attenuated the mild restraint stress induced the anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Conclusions
α2AP affects the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety induced by stress.
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Research funding: None.
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Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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Ethical approval: The animal experiments were approved by the Animal Research Committee of Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts (Approval ID: Y17-015, Y18-012, Y19-015). All experiments were performed in accordance with the rules and regulations of the institutions and the government.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission. YK conceived and designed the experiment. YK, KT, CM, KH, HT, SA and OM were involved in the mice experiments. YK KT, CM, KH, HT and SA analyzed the data. YK, OM and KO were involved in data interpretation and writing of the manuscript.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Circulating tumor cells in bladder cancer: a new horizon of liquid biopsy for precision medicine
- Minireview
- PCSK9 and LRP6: potential combination targets to prevent and reduce atherosclerosis
- Reviews
- The complex relationship between physical activity and diabetes: an overview
- Methotrexate related cutaneous adverse drug reactions: a systematic literature review
- Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors adversely affects minerals and vitamin metabolism, bone turnover, bone mass, and bone strength
- An update on the physiologic changes during pregnancy and their impact on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics
- Original Articles
- Apelin-13 protects human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against amyloid-beta induced neurotoxicity: Involvement of anti oxidant and anti apoptotic properties
- Are hypertensive patients with history of coronary artery disease at risk for silent lower extremity artery disease?
- The effect of long-term ketogenic diet on serum adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in mice
- Increase in cardioprotective SUR2A does not alter heart rate and heart rate regulation by physical activity and diurnal rhythm
- Effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on pulmonary functions in healthy adults: a randomized controlled pilot study
- Alpha2-antiplasmin deficiency affects depression and anxiety-like behavior and apoptosis induced by stress in mice
- Modern gold standard of cardiac output measurement – A simplified bedside measurement of individual oxygen uptake in the cath lab
- Electrical vestibular nerve stimulation (VeNS): a follow-up safety assessment of long-term usage
- Psychological impact of abnormally invasive placenta: an underestimated and hidden morbidity
- Limited diagnostic value of questionnaire-based pre-participation screening algorithms: a “risk-exposed” approach to sports activity
- Predictors of abdominal pain severity in patients with constipation-prevalent irritable bowel syndrome
