Amine-modified kaolinite clay preserved thyroid function and renal oxidative balance after sub-acute exposure in rats
-
Chiagoziem A. Otuechere
,
Adewale Adewuyi
Abstract
Objectives
Kaolinite clay is an abundant natural resource in Nigeria with several industrial applications. Incidentally, the wide-scale use of kaolinite clay is hampered by its small surface area. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of amine-modified clay on electrolyte, thyroid, and kidney function markers.
Methods
Modification of kaolinite clay with an amine functional group was achieved using surface grafting technique. Characterization with a scanning electron microscope and Brunauer-Emmett Teller surface area analyzer confirmed this modification. However, there is sparse information on the effect of amine-modified kaolinite clay on electrolyte homeostasis, thyroid, and renal function. Rats were administered amine-modified kaolinite clay at the doses of 1, 2, and 5 mg/kg body weight.
Results
After 14 days of repeated-dose treatment, there were no significant changes in levels of albumin, uric acid, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, ratio of triiodothyronine to thyroxine, and relative kidney organ weight. Furthermore, there were no changes in the concentration of potassium, although amine-modified kaolinite clay significantly decreased sodium, calcium, and total cholesterol levels. Amine-modified kaolinite clay, at all treatment doses, also preserved the renal histoarchitecture and oxidative balance in rats.
Conclusions
This study reports on the effect of amine-modified kaolinite clay on renal markers and thyroid function, and further deepens our understanding of their biochemical action. This baseline data may boost the prospect of using amine-modified kaolinite clay in the treatment of contaminated water.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Department of Chemical Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Ede, for use of its facilities.
Research funding: None declared.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval: Research involving animals complied with all relevant institutional policies as indicated in the “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” prepared by the National Academy of Science (NAS) and published by the National Institute of Health.
References
1. Liao, H, Sarver, E, Krometis, LH. Interactive effects of water quality, physical habitat, and watershed anthropogenic activities on stream ecosystem health. Water Res 2018;130:69–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.065.Search in Google Scholar
2. Abedin, MA, Collins, AE, Habiba, U, Shaw, R. Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and Health Adaptation in Southwestern Coastal Bangladesh. Int J Disaster Risk Sci 2019;10:28–2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-018-0211-8.Search in Google Scholar
3. Wasana, HM, Perera, GDR, Gunawardena, PD, Fernando, PS, Bandara, J. WHO water quality standards vs synergic effect(s) of fluoride, heavy metals and hardness in drinking water on kidney tissues. Sci Rep 2017;7:42516. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42516.Search in Google Scholar
4. Kumar, V, Sharma, A, Kumar, R, Bhardwaj, R , Bhardwaj, R, Thukral, AK, et al. Assessment of heavy-metal pollution in three different Indian water bodies by combination of multivariate analysis and water pollution indices. Hum Ecol Risk Assess: An Int J 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2018.1497946.Search in Google Scholar
5. Pradhan, P, Costa, L, Rybski, D, Lucht, W. Kropp, JP. A systematic study of sustainable development goal (SDG) interactions. Earth’s Future 2017;5:1169–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ef000632.Search in Google Scholar
6. Bambino, K, Zhang, C, Austin, C, Amarasiriwardena, C, Arora, M, Chu, J, et al. Inorganic arsenic causes fatty liver and interacts with ethanol to cause alcoholic liver disease in zebrafish. Sadler Dis Mod Mech 2018;11:dmm031575. https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.031575.Search in Google Scholar
7. Abd El-satar, SS, Nasr, NE, Khailo, KA, Sayour, H. Hemotoxic and genotoxic effects of lead acetate and chlorpyrifose on freshwater cat fish (Calarias gariepinus). Slov Vet Res 2019;56:681–1. https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-807-2019.Search in Google Scholar
8. Rehman, K, Fatima, F, Waheed, I, Akash, MSH. Prevalence of exposure of heavy metals and their impact on health consequences. J Cell Biochem 2018;119:157–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26234.Search in Google Scholar
9. Ramya, SL, Kanamarlapudi, K, Chintalpudi, VK.Application of biosorption for removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Biosorption 2018, Jan Derco and Branislav Vrana, IntechOpen, https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77315. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/biosorption/application-of-biosorption-for-removal-of-heavy-metals-from-wastewater.Search in Google Scholar
10. Corral-Bobadilla, M, González-Marcos, A, Vergara-González, EP, Alba-Elias, F. Bioremediation of wastewater to remove heavy metals using the spent mushroom substrate of Agaricus bisporus. Water 2019;11:54. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030454.Search in Google Scholar
11. Unuabonah, EI, Adewuyi, A, Kolawole, MO, Omorogie, MO, Olatunde, OC, Fayemi, SO et al. Disinfection of water with new chitosan-modified hybrid clay composite adsorbent. Heliyon 2017;3:e00379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00379.Search in Google Scholar
12. Chukwuemeka-Okorie, HO, Ekemezie, PN, Akpomie, KG, Olikagu, CS. Calcined corncob-kaolinite combo as new sorbent for sequestration of toxic metal ions from polluted aqua media and desorption. Front Chem 2018;6:273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00273.Search in Google Scholar
13. Cristiani, C, Iannicelli-Zubiani, EM, Dotelli, G, Finocchio, E, Stampino, P Licchelli, M. Polyamine-based organo-clays for polluted water treatment: effect of polyamine structure and content. Polymers 2019;11:897. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11050897.Search in Google Scholar
14. Maisanaba, S, Pichardo, S, Puerto, M. Gutiérrez-Praena, D, Cameán, AM, Jos, A. Toxicological evaluation of clay minerals and derived nanocomposites: a review. Enviro Res 2015;138:233–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.12.024.Search in Google Scholar
15. Ogunlaja, A, Abarikwu, SO, Otuechere, CA, Oshoro, OO. Characterization of leachates from waste landfill sites in a religious camp along Lagos-Ibadan expressway, Nigeria and its hepatotoxicity in rats, Chemosphere 2019;217:636–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.042.Search in Google Scholar
16. Adewuyi, A, Pereira, FV, Adewuyi, OO. Amine modified kaolinite clay from Nigeria: a resource for removing Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution. J App Res Techno 2019;17. https://doi.org/10.22201/icat.16656423.2019.17.2.798.Search in Google Scholar
17. National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington:National Academies Press; 2011.Search in Google Scholar
18. Isoda, K, Nagata, R, Hasegawa, T, Taira, Y, Taira, I, Shimizu, Y, et al. Hepatotoxicity and drug/chemical interaction toxicity of nanoclay particles in mice. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017;12:199. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-017-1956-5.Search in Google Scholar
19. Otuechere, CA, Adewuyi, A, Oluwabayo, T, Avwioroko, OJ, Abazuh, U. Salubrious effects of a vermiculite–cellulose‐based bionanocomposite on oxidative stress indices and histomorphology of male Wistar rats. Andrologia 2019;52:e13426. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13426.Search in Google Scholar
20. Sinha, AK. Colorimetric assay of catalase. Anal Biochem 1972;47:389–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(72)90132-7.Search in Google Scholar
21. Rotruck, JT, Pope, AL, Ganther, HE , Swanson, AB, Hafeman, DG, Hoekstra, WG. Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science 1973;179:588–90. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4073.588.Search in Google Scholar
22. Habig, WH, Pabst, MJ, Jakoby, WB. Glutathione S‐transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 1974;249:7130–39.10.1016/S0021-9258(19)42083-8Search in Google Scholar
23. Beutler, E, Duron, O, Kelly, BM. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J lab Clin Med 1963;61:882–88. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02013.s001.Search in Google Scholar
24. Wolff, SP. Ferrous ion oxidation in the presence of ferric ion indicator xylenol orange for measurement of hydroperoxides, Methods Enzymol 1994;233:182–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(99)00113-5.Search in Google Scholar
25. Varshney, R, Kale, RK. Effect of calmodulin antagonists on radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in microsomes. Int J Radiat Biol 1990;58:733–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553009014552121.Search in Google Scholar
26. Gornall, AC, Bardwawill, CJ, David, MM. Determination of serum protein by means of the biuret reaction. J Biol Chem 1949;177:751–56. https://doi.org/10.1159/000219790.Search in Google Scholar
27. Awad, ME, López-Galindo, A, Setti, M, El-Rahmany, MM, Iborra, CV. Kaolinite in pharmaceutics and biomedicine. Int J Pharm 2017;533:34–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.056.Search in Google Scholar
28. Massaro, M, Colletti, CG, Lazzara, G et al. The use of some clay minerals as natural resources for drug carrier application. J Funct Biomater 2018;58:1–2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb9040058.Search in Google Scholar
29. Hashizume, H. Adsorption of nucleic Acid bases, ribose, and phosphate by some clay minerals. Life (Basel, Switzerland) 2015; 5:637–50. https://doi.org/10.3390/life5010637.Search in Google Scholar
30. Reinoso-Maset, E, Ly, J. Study of uranium (VI) and radium (II) sorption at trace level on kaolinite using a multisite ion exchange model. J Environ Radioact 2016;157:136–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.03.014.Search in Google Scholar
31. Unuabonah, EI, Taubert, A. Clay–polymer nanocomposites (CPNs): adsorbents of the future for water treatment. App Clay Sci 2014;99:83–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.06.016.Search in Google Scholar
32. Maisanaba, S, Puerto, M, Gutiérrez-Praena, D, Llana-Ruíz-Cabello, M, Pichardo, S, Mate, A, et al. In vivo evaluation of activities and expression of antioxidant enzymes in Wistar rats exposed for 90 Days to a modified clay. J Toxi Env Health, Part A: current Issues 2014;77:456–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2013.876696.Search in Google Scholar
33. Dhondup, T, Qian, Q. Electrolyte and acid-base disorders in chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney failure. Blood Purif 2017;43:179–8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000452725.Search in Google Scholar
34. Alexander, D, Richardson, D, Odom, L, Cromwell, K, Grant, D, Myers, M, et al. The biological consequences of kaolin geophagia. Profess Agri Workers J 2015;2:3.Search in Google Scholar
35. Aryee, NA, Tagoe, EA, Anomah, V, Ako-Boham, B, Adjei, DN. Thyroid hormone status in Ghanaian patients with chronic kidney disease. Pan Afr Med J 18:137. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2018.29.137.12992.Search in Google Scholar
36. Srivastava, S, Rajput, J, Shrivastava, M, Chandra, R, Gupta, M, Sharma, R. Correlation of thyroid hormone profile with biochemical markers of renal function in patients with undialyzed chronic kidney disease. Indian J Endocr Metab 2018;22:316–20. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijem.ijem_475_17.Search in Google Scholar
37. Covey, HL, Chang, Y, Elliott, J, Syme, HM. Changes in thyroid and renal function after bilateral thyroidectomy in cats. J Vet Intern Med 2019;33:508–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15450.Search in Google Scholar
38. Safaeikatouli, M, Jafariahangari, Y, Baharlouei, A. An evaluation on the effects of dietary kaolin and zeolite on broilers blood parameters, T4, TSH and Growth Hormones. Pakistan J Nut 2011;10:233–37. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2011.233.237.Search in Google Scholar
39. United States Food and Drug Administration. fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/redbook-2000-ivc3a-short-term-toxicity-studies-rodents. Accessed on 10th September, 2019.Search in Google Scholar
40. Sivak, O, Darlington, J, Gershkovich, P, Constantinides, PP, Wasan, KM. Protonated nanostructured aluminosilicate (NSAS) reduces plasma cholesterol concentrations and atherosclerotic lesions in Apolipoprotein E deficient mice fed a high cholesterol and high fat diet. Lipids Health Dis 2009;8:30. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-8-30.Search in Google Scholar
41. Adewuyi, A, Otuechere, CA, Adeayo, OL, Anazodo, C, Pereira, FV. Renal toxicological evaluations of sulphonated nanocellulose from Khaya sengalensis seed in Wistar rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018;284:56–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.015.Search in Google Scholar
42. Helal, SH, Aziz, AA, Yossri, D. Studies on detoxification of aflatoxins contaminated rabbits’ rations treated with clay and ammonia. Life Sci J 2012;9:2713–21.Search in Google Scholar
43. Abudabos, AM, Alhouri, HAA, Alhidary, IA et al. Ameliorative effect of Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces boulardii, oregano, and calcium montmorillonite on growth, intestinal histology, and blood metabolites on Salmonella-infected broiler chicken. Env Sci Pollut Res 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05105-1.Search in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Update of hypothyroidism and its management in Unani medicine
- Original Articles
- 6-OHDA mediated neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cellular model of Parkinson disease suppressed by pretreatment with hesperidin through activating L-type calcium channels
- Modulation of sleep using electrical vestibular nerve stimulation prior to sleep onset: a pilot study
- Nitric oxide mediates the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse forced swimming and tail suspension tests
- Effect of mobile phone usage on cognitive functions, sleep pattern, visuospatial ability in Parkinsons patients; a possible correlation with onset of clinical symptoms
- Food-added azodicarbonamide alters haematogical parameters, antioxidant status and biochemical/histomorphological indices of liver and kidney injury in rats
- Conditioned medium from the human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells stimulate the proliferation of human keratinocytes
- p53 upregulated mediator of apoptosis (Puma) deficiency increases survival of adult neural stem cells generated physiologically in the hippocampus, but does not protect stem cells generated in surplus after an excitotoxic lesion
- In vitro antioxidants and hepatoprotective effects of Pleurotus tuber-regium on carbon tetrachloride–treated rats
- Mitigative effect of Momordica cymbalaria fruit extract against sodium fluoride induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar male albino rats
- Amine-modified kaolinite clay preserved thyroid function and renal oxidative balance after sub-acute exposure in rats
- Aqueous extract of dry powder blend of seeds and leaves of Picralima nitida (Stapf) T. & H. Durand reduce pain and inflammation in animal models
- Methanol extract of Caesalpinia benthamiana normalizes blood pressure and attenuates oxidative stress in uninephrectomized hypertensive rats
- Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of Cistus salviifolius L. (Cistaceae) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic mice
- Correlation between biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern toward extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and non-ESBL-producing uropathogenic bacteria
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Update of hypothyroidism and its management in Unani medicine
- Original Articles
- 6-OHDA mediated neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cellular model of Parkinson disease suppressed by pretreatment with hesperidin through activating L-type calcium channels
- Modulation of sleep using electrical vestibular nerve stimulation prior to sleep onset: a pilot study
- Nitric oxide mediates the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse forced swimming and tail suspension tests
- Effect of mobile phone usage on cognitive functions, sleep pattern, visuospatial ability in Parkinsons patients; a possible correlation with onset of clinical symptoms
- Food-added azodicarbonamide alters haematogical parameters, antioxidant status and biochemical/histomorphological indices of liver and kidney injury in rats
- Conditioned medium from the human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells stimulate the proliferation of human keratinocytes
- p53 upregulated mediator of apoptosis (Puma) deficiency increases survival of adult neural stem cells generated physiologically in the hippocampus, but does not protect stem cells generated in surplus after an excitotoxic lesion
- In vitro antioxidants and hepatoprotective effects of Pleurotus tuber-regium on carbon tetrachloride–treated rats
- Mitigative effect of Momordica cymbalaria fruit extract against sodium fluoride induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar male albino rats
- Amine-modified kaolinite clay preserved thyroid function and renal oxidative balance after sub-acute exposure in rats
- Aqueous extract of dry powder blend of seeds and leaves of Picralima nitida (Stapf) T. & H. Durand reduce pain and inflammation in animal models
- Methanol extract of Caesalpinia benthamiana normalizes blood pressure and attenuates oxidative stress in uninephrectomized hypertensive rats
- Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of Cistus salviifolius L. (Cistaceae) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic mice
- Correlation between biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern toward extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and non-ESBL-producing uropathogenic bacteria
