Inhibition of metalloproteinase and proteasome activities in colon cancer cells by citrus peel extracts
-
Ayokunle O. Ademosun
,
Sabina Passamonti
Abstract
Background: Citrus peels are consumed in the form of infusions, candy or wine, based on their well-documented nutritional and medicinal properties. This study sought to investigate the effect of some citrus peels’ [grapefruit (Citrus paradisii), orange (Citrus sinensis) and shaddock (Citrus maxima)] extracts on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and proteasome activities in primary human colonic tumor (Caco-2) and the metastatic cell lines (LoVo and LoVo/ADR) in a bid to explain the possible mechanism by which the peels could manage/prevent colon cancer.
Methods: The inhibition of MMP and proteasome activities in the cells by the peel extracts, as well as the identification of phenolic compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), was determined.
Results: Orange peel extracts had the strongest inhibition of MMP in Caco-2 and LoVo cells, while shaddock had the least. Shaddock peel extracts also had the least MMP inhibition in LoVo/ADR lysates. Grapefruit had the least proteasome inhibition in Caco-2 and LoVo lysates, while there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the proteasome inhibition of the peel extracts in LoVo/ADR lysates. The extracts inhibited proteasome activity in extract-treated cells, and HPLC fingerprinting of the extracts revealed the presence of some phenolic compounds such as quercetin, caffeic acid, kaempferol, catechin and naringin.
Conclusions: The inhibition of MMP and proteasome activities in colon cancer cell lines suggests the potential use of citrus peels as functional food in the management and/or prevention of colon cancer.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by the European Regional Development Fund, Cross-Border Cooperation Italy-Slovenia Programme 2007–2013 (EU strategic project TRANS2CARE). Ayokunle O. Ademosun’s stay in Italy was funded by Education Trust Fund (ETF) of the Federal Government of Nigeria/Federal University of Technology, Akure and Training and Research in Italian Laboratory (TRIL) Programme of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
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- Mini Review
- A perspective on role of calcium and vitamin D in cardiovascular outcomes and lipid profile
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- Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of theophylline and doxofylline in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Oxidative Stress
- Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro
- Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extract of Daniella oliveri leaves in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
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- Inflammation
- Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Tectona grandis Linn. stem extract
- Cyperus rotundus L. prevents non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric mucosal damage by inhibiting oxidative stress
- Evaluation of the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, phytochemical and toxicological properties of the methanolic leaf extract of commercially processed Moringa oleifera in some laboratory animals
- Jobelyn® exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and membrane-stabilizing activities in experimental models
- Phytotherapy
- Effect of Saraca asoca (Asoka) on estradiol-induced keratinizing metaplasia in rat uterus
- Others
- The effect of nicotine and cotinine on human gingival fibroblasts attachment to root surfaces
- Congress Abstracts
- Israel Society for Auditory Research (ISAR) 2015 Annual Scientific Conference
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Implications of sodium hydrogen exchangers in various brain diseases
- Mini Review
- A perspective on role of calcium and vitamin D in cardiovascular outcomes and lipid profile
- Cardiovascular Function
- Space weather and human deaths distribution: 25 years’ observation (Lithuania, 1989–2013)
- Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Interactions
- Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of theophylline and doxofylline in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Oxidative Stress
- Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro
- Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extract of Daniella oliveri leaves in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
- Inhibition of metalloproteinase and proteasome activities in colon cancer cells by citrus peel extracts
- Inflammation
- Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Tectona grandis Linn. stem extract
- Cyperus rotundus L. prevents non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric mucosal damage by inhibiting oxidative stress
- Evaluation of the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, phytochemical and toxicological properties of the methanolic leaf extract of commercially processed Moringa oleifera in some laboratory animals
- Jobelyn® exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and membrane-stabilizing activities in experimental models
- Phytotherapy
- Effect of Saraca asoca (Asoka) on estradiol-induced keratinizing metaplasia in rat uterus
- Others
- The effect of nicotine and cotinine on human gingival fibroblasts attachment to root surfaces
- Congress Abstracts
- Israel Society for Auditory Research (ISAR) 2015 Annual Scientific Conference
