Effects of cyclosporine and phenytoin on biomarker expressions in gingival fibroblasts of children and adults: an in vitro study
-
Surena Vahabi
,
Fahimeh Rezazadeh
Abstract
Background: Both phenytoin (PhT) and cyclosporine (CsA) have been related to gingival overgrowth, but the presence and incidence of cytokines in gingival tissues are associated with different mechanisms. On the basis of a few epidemiologic data, children are more prone to have gingival overgrowth than adults and there is no obvious plausibility to justify this difference. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PhT and CsA on the some biological marker expression and compare it among adults and children.
Methods: Gingival fibroblasts that had been harvested from adults and children with normal gingiva were incubated with CsA and PhT and then cultured for 48 h. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP), collagen (CoL), elastin (Eln), lysyl oxidase (Lysyl), cathepsin (Cat) L and B, and mRNA levels in culture were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The amounts of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: CsA and PhT stimulated TGF-β and Cat B production and inhibited expression of MMP-1 by fibroblasts. CsA suppressed TIMP in children, but PhT stimulated its expression. In adults, both CSA and PHT increased TGF-β, Lysyl, and EGF levels. CsA reduced Eln level, whereas PhT increased it.
Conclusions: The results suggest that CsA and PhT have different effects on biogene marker expression in adults and children, or drug-induced gingival overgrowth is affected by different cellular pathways in children in contrast to that in adults. It seems that in children the MMP-1/TIMP system, and in adults the Lysyl/Eln pathway, plays an important role in impaired CoL metabolism.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the research committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for its kind support of this project.
Conflict of interest statement
Authors’ conflict of interest disclosure: The authors stated that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. Research support played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
Research funding: This study was supported by a grant from Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
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©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
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- Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Interactions
- Gene functional dynamics: environment as a trigger?
- Arrhythmogenesis after acute myocardial necrosis with and without preceding ischemia in rats
- Measuring cardiopulmonary parameters during dual-task while walking
- Calcium-dependent mechanisms mediate the vasorelaxant effects of Tridax procumbens (Lin) aqueous leaf extract in rat aortic ring
- Inflammation
- Effects of cyclosporine and phenytoin on biomarker expressions in gingival fibroblasts of children and adults: an in vitro study
- Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the methanol leaf extract of Phyllanthus amarus in some laboratory animals
- Oxidative Stress
- Ameliorative effect of diallyl trisulphide on arsenic-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes and DNA damage in lymphocytes
- Anticholinesterase and antioxidative properties of water-extractable phytochemicals from some citrus peels
- Immune Response
- Temporal expression of IL-1β and IL-10 in rat skin, muscle, small bowel, and colon wounds: a correlative study
- Augmented primary humoral immune response and decreased cell-mediated immunity by Murraya koenigii in rats
- Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and heme biomineralization inhibitory properties of Entada africana ethanol leaf extract with antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum
- Hematological Profile
- Hematological profile in neonatal jaundice
- Effects of blood lead level on biochemical and hematological parameters in children with neurological diseases of Western Maharashtra, India
- Phytotherapy
- Antipsychotic property of solvent-partitioned fractions of Lonchocarpus cyanescens leaf extract in mice
- Aphrodisiac effect of aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides in sexually impaired rats
- Virgin coconut oil protects against liver damage in albino rats challenged with the anti-folate combination, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Metabolism
- Evaluation of in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory potential of alkaloidal fractions of Piper nigrum, Murraya koenigii, Argemone mexicana, and Nelumbo nucifera
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Cerebral stroke injury: the role of cytokines and brain inflammation
- Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Interactions
- Gene functional dynamics: environment as a trigger?
- Arrhythmogenesis after acute myocardial necrosis with and without preceding ischemia in rats
- Measuring cardiopulmonary parameters during dual-task while walking
- Calcium-dependent mechanisms mediate the vasorelaxant effects of Tridax procumbens (Lin) aqueous leaf extract in rat aortic ring
- Inflammation
- Effects of cyclosporine and phenytoin on biomarker expressions in gingival fibroblasts of children and adults: an in vitro study
- Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the methanol leaf extract of Phyllanthus amarus in some laboratory animals
- Oxidative Stress
- Ameliorative effect of diallyl trisulphide on arsenic-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes and DNA damage in lymphocytes
- Anticholinesterase and antioxidative properties of water-extractable phytochemicals from some citrus peels
- Immune Response
- Temporal expression of IL-1β and IL-10 in rat skin, muscle, small bowel, and colon wounds: a correlative study
- Augmented primary humoral immune response and decreased cell-mediated immunity by Murraya koenigii in rats
- Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and heme biomineralization inhibitory properties of Entada africana ethanol leaf extract with antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum
- Hematological Profile
- Hematological profile in neonatal jaundice
- Effects of blood lead level on biochemical and hematological parameters in children with neurological diseases of Western Maharashtra, India
- Phytotherapy
- Antipsychotic property of solvent-partitioned fractions of Lonchocarpus cyanescens leaf extract in mice
- Aphrodisiac effect of aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides in sexually impaired rats
- Virgin coconut oil protects against liver damage in albino rats challenged with the anti-folate combination, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Metabolism
- Evaluation of in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory potential of alkaloidal fractions of Piper nigrum, Murraya koenigii, Argemone mexicana, and Nelumbo nucifera
