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An Insightful Steady-State Performance of a Squirrel Cage Induction Generator Enhanced with STATCOM

  • Olorunfemi Ojo , Mehdy Khayamy EMAIL logo and Mehari Bule
Published/Copyright: April 2, 2014
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International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems
From the journal International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems Volume 15 Issue 3

Abstract

This paper presents the regulation of the terminal voltage and reactive power of a grid-connected squirrel cage induction generator. A shunt connected voltage source inverter (VSI) with a capacitor in the DC side operating as a Static Compensator (STATCOM) and a shunt capacitor are used for regulating the generator terminal voltage and limit the reactive power demand from the grid. Simulation results for steady-state operation for a wide variation of speed in the super-synchronous region are presented as well as the dynamic stability of the system. Closed-form steady-state characteristics equations for the system are used to determine key variables and to demonstrate how the operation of the system depends on various parameters. This characteristics curve which contains all of the equations of the system provides the all in one insightful view to the inherent characteristics of the system and the effect of the parameter variation on the terminal voltage plane.

Keywords: squirrel cage induction generator; STATCOM; reactive power; terminal voltage

Appendix 1

Generator parameters:

xls=0.09231xlr=0.09955xm=3.95279
rs=0.00488rr=0.00549f=60Hz

Line parameters:

rl=0.02xll=0.1

Parallel branch parameters:

rp=0.06xlp=0.1
xcp=5Vdc=3

Appendix 2

zsr=−rsrr2−rsxr2s2−rrxm2srr2+xr2s2zsi=rr2xs+xsxr2s2−xrxm2s2rr2+xr2s2
k1is=zsrzsr2+zsi2k2is=zsizsr2+zsi2
k1ig=rlrl2+xll2k2ig=xllrl2+xll2
k1ip=rprp2+xlp2k2ip=xlprp2+xlp2
k1vqm=k1ip−k1is+k1ip+k1ig+k2ipk2is+k2ip+k2ig+1xcpk1ip2+k2ip2
k2vqm=k1ipk2is−k2ip−k2ig+−1xcp+k2ipk1is+k1ip+k1igk1ip2+k2ip2
k3vqm=k1ip−k1igvqg+k2igvdg+k2ip−k2igvqg−k1igvdgk1ip2+k2ip2
k1vdm=k2ipk1is−k1ip−k1ig+k1ipk2is+k2ip+k2ig+1xcpk1ip2+k2ip2
k2vdm=k2ip−k2is+k2ip+k2ig+1xcp+k1ipk1is+k1ip+k1igk1ip2+k2ip2
k3vdm=k2ipk1igvqg−k2igvdg+k1ip−k2igvqg−k1igvdgk1ip2+k2ip2
A=k1ipk1vqm+k2ipk1vdm−k1ipk1vqm2+k1vdm2
B=−k2ipk2vqm+k1ipk2vdm−k1ipk2vqm2+k2vdm2
C=k1ipk3vqm+k2ipk3vdm−2k1ipk1vqmk3vqm+k1vdmk3vdm
D=−k2ipk3vqm+k1ipk3vdm−2k1ipk2vqmk3vqm+k2vdmk3vdm
E= k1ip(k2vqm+k1vdm)+k2ip(k2vdm−k1vqm)      −2k1ip(k1vqmk2vqm+k1vdmk2vdm)
F=−k1ipk3vqm2+k3vdm2
a=γ
b=γ
c=1.51−γk2igvqg−k1igvdg
d=1.51−γk2igvdg+k1igvqg
e=0
f=1.5(1−γ)(vdg(k1igvqg−k2igvdg)−vqg(k2igvqg+k1igvdg))−γ
a4=A2b2+B2a2−2ABab+ABe2+E2ab−EeAb+Ba
a3= −(Ab+aB)(De+Ed)+2(Ab−aB)(Cb−Bc)      +(Be−Eb)(Ce−Ec)+2(ABde+DEab)
a2= b2C2+B2c2−(De+Ed)(Cb+cB)    +(Ad−Da)(Bd−Db)+(Be−Eb)(Fe−Ef)
+2(Ab−Ba)(Fb−Bf)+2(BCde+DEbc)−2BCbc
a1= −(Fb+fB)(De+Ed)+2(Bf−Fb)(Bc−Cb)      +(Cd−Dc)(Bd−Db)+2(BFde+DEbf)
a0=B2f2+F2b2−2BFbf+BFd2+D2bf−DdBf+Fb

Appendix 3

A STATCOM is a DC/AC converter in which the modulation index is controlled in a way to keep the active power theoretically equal to zero and achieve a defined reactive power at the grid. In reality since the capacitor or battery in the DC side has some internal loss even if no active power is drawn from it, a small amount of active power is provided from the AC to DC side to keep the DC-link voltage constant. The apparent power S is

S=32VqdIqd*=32(Vq+jVd)(Iq+jId)*=32(Vq+jVd)(Iq−jId)
S=32VqIq+VdId+j32VdIq−VqId=P+jQ

For the local control of the STATCOM, the voltage can be aligned to q axis. So Vq=Vs,Vd=0

P=32VsIq=0→Iq=0,Q=−32VsId=Qref→Id=−2Qref3Vs

Iq should be regulated by a controller to zero and Id is also regulated to the values corresponding to the desired reactive power to regulate the terminal voltage.

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Published Online: 2014-4-2
Published in Print: 2014-6-1

©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin / Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. Modeling Uncertainties in Power System by Generalized Lambda Distribution
  4. An Insightful Steady-State Performance of a Squirrel Cage Induction Generator Enhanced with STATCOM
  5. Real-Time Implementation of Type-2 FLC–Based Shunt Active Filter Control Strategies (p–q and Id–Iq) with Different Fuzzy MFs for Power Quality Improvement
  6. Applying the Superposition Procedure for the Harmonic Sharing Responsibility between Renewable Energy Power Plants and the Network
  7. Experimental Study of Fault Arc Protection Based on UV Pulse Method in High Voltage Switchgear
  8. Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm and Interior Point Method for Economic Dispatch with Valve-Point Effect
  9. Modified DSTATCOM Topology with Reduced DC Link Voltage for Reactive and Harmonic Power Compensation of Unbalanced Nonlinear Load in Distribution System
  10. A Nonlinear Excitation Controller Design Method for Terminal Voltage Regulation and Transient Stability Enhancement
  11. Intelligent Power Swing Detection Scheme to Prevent False Relay Tripping Using S-Transform
  12. A New Harmonic Mitigation Scheme for MMC – An Experimental Approach
https://doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2013-0117
Keywords for this article
squirrel cage induction generator; STATCOM; reactive power; terminal voltage

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. Modeling Uncertainties in Power System by Generalized Lambda Distribution
  4. An Insightful Steady-State Performance of a Squirrel Cage Induction Generator Enhanced with STATCOM
  5. Real-Time Implementation of Type-2 FLC–Based Shunt Active Filter Control Strategies (p–q and Id–Iq) with Different Fuzzy MFs for Power Quality Improvement
  6. Applying the Superposition Procedure for the Harmonic Sharing Responsibility between Renewable Energy Power Plants and the Network
  7. Experimental Study of Fault Arc Protection Based on UV Pulse Method in High Voltage Switchgear
  8. Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm and Interior Point Method for Economic Dispatch with Valve-Point Effect
  9. Modified DSTATCOM Topology with Reduced DC Link Voltage for Reactive and Harmonic Power Compensation of Unbalanced Nonlinear Load in Distribution System
  10. A Nonlinear Excitation Controller Design Method for Terminal Voltage Regulation and Transient Stability Enhancement
  11. Intelligent Power Swing Detection Scheme to Prevent False Relay Tripping Using S-Transform
  12. A New Harmonic Mitigation Scheme for MMC – An Experimental Approach
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