Breaking the cycle through better school siting: a collaborative project to facilitate the effective use of EPA’s guidelines with Georgia’s educational leaders
Abstract
The benefits of screening potential school sites for environmental hazards and the special vulnerability of children to environmental pollutants and toxins are well understood. Less apparent, and less widely discussed until recently, are other health concerns associated with school location, such as ready access to healthy food options and opportunities for safe walking and bicycling. In recent years, a variety of stakeholders interested in children’s wellness in school settings have expressed concerns about the trend to place larger schools further away from the communities they serve. In some cases, this trend can worsen environmental health risks, such as air pollution, and reduce opportunities for physical activity, with disproportionate impacts on communities already burdened with multiple stressors. This paper describes a project in Georgia that helps school system decision makers more fully integrate children’s environmental health and wellness concerns into all aspects of school siting planning, through a training curriculum based on the US Environmental Protection Agency’s 2011 School Siting Guidelines. Two training modules have been developed. Preliminary feedback indicates that the process itself – convening a diverse set of stakeholders with different expertise related to children’s environmental health, community planning, and school system planning – results in new partnerships and the consideration of other perspectives. Better integration of municipal and school planning and improved understanding of environmental health considerations can improve public health outcomes for the entire community.
This project was funded by a grant from the US Environmental Protection Agency, Source Reduction Assistance Grant Program (Multi-Regions Projects). The authors are grateful for the financial support that made the project possible. We also would like to acknowledge and thank the members of Southeast PEHSU for including a presentation of the school siting training curriculum project at the 2012 Break the Cycle conference.
References
1. Georgia Department of Education. Annual reports of the Department of Education to the General Assembly of the State of Georgia. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Department Education, 1954.Search in Google Scholar
2. Georgia Department of Education. 2010–2011 Report card. Accessed 1 October, 2012. URL: http://www.doe.k12.ga.us/Pages/By-School.aspx.Search in Google Scholar
3. Beaumont CE, Pianca EG. Why Johnny can’t walk to school. Washington, DC: National Trust Historic Preservation, 2002.Search in Google Scholar
4. US Environmental Protection Agency. Travel and environmental implications of school siting. Washington, DC: EPA 231-R-03-004, 2003.Search in Google Scholar
5. Michigan Land Use Institute. Hard lessons: causes and consequences of Michigan’s school construction boom. Beulah, MI: Michigan Land Use Institute, 2003.Search in Google Scholar
6. Salveson D. Good schools–good neighborhoods. Chapel Hill, NC: University North Carolina, Center Urban Regional Studies, 2003.Search in Google Scholar
7. Kuhlman R. Helping Johnny walk to school: policy recommendations for removing barriers to community-centric schools. Washington, DC: National Trust Historic Preservation, 2011.Search in Google Scholar
8. US Environmental Protection Agency. School siting guidelines. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency, 2011.Search in Google Scholar
9. United States Congress. Energy Security and Independence Act, 2007.Search in Google Scholar
10. Frumkin H. Introduction. In: Frumkin H, Geller R, Rubin IL, Nodvin J, editors. Safe and healthy school environments. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006:3–10.Search in Google Scholar
11. Hofferth SL, Sandberg JF. How American children spend their time. Ann Arbor, MI: Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Report #00-458, 2000.Search in Google Scholar
12. Williams R, Cowie G, Olson S. Institute for Georgia Environmental Leadership, May 2009.Search in Google Scholar
13. Georgia Department of Education, Facilities Service Unit. Guidelines for risk hazard assessment of educational facility sites, 160-5-4.16(a)5.Search in Google Scholar
14. Eley C. High-performance school buildings. In: Frumkin H, Geller R, Rubin IL, Nodvin J, editors. Safe and healthy school environments. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006:331–50.Search in Google Scholar
15. Stokes B. Bibb County Schools, Personal communication, 2012.Search in Google Scholar
16. Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson C, Caroll M, Curtin L, Flegal K. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999–2002. J Am Med Assoc 2004;291:2847–50.10.1001/jama.291.23.2847Search in Google Scholar PubMed
17. Ogden CL. Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007–2008. J Am Med Assoc 2010;303:242–9.10.1001/jama.2009.2012Search in Google Scholar PubMed
18. McDonald NC, Brown AL, Marchetti LM, Pedroso MS. US school travel, 2009: an assessment of trends. Am J Prev Med 2011;41:146–51.10.1016/j.amepre.2011.04.006Search in Google Scholar PubMed
©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorial
- Break the cycle of environmental health disparities in vulnerable children
- Reviews
- Effectiveness of foreign food aid initiatives at addressing child malnutrition and the future of United States food aid policy
- Interventions to improve access to fresh food in vulnerable communities: a review of the literature
- Original Articles
- Disparities in arsenic exposure among children and adolescents in the United States
- The use of home-based caregiver assessment to improve children’s health: a pilot project
- There’s a hole in the bucket: rethinking the role of community collected data in environmental justice movements
- Multilevel analysis of small area violent crime and preterm birth in a racially diverse urban area
- Cyclopedia: sustaining a positive youth development program through community partnership
- Traffic-related air pollution and pediatric asthma in Durham County, North Carolina
- Breaking the cycle through better school siting: a collaborative project to facilitate the effective use of EPA’s guidelines with Georgia’s educational leaders
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorial
- Break the cycle of environmental health disparities in vulnerable children
- Reviews
- Effectiveness of foreign food aid initiatives at addressing child malnutrition and the future of United States food aid policy
- Interventions to improve access to fresh food in vulnerable communities: a review of the literature
- Original Articles
- Disparities in arsenic exposure among children and adolescents in the United States
- The use of home-based caregiver assessment to improve children’s health: a pilot project
- There’s a hole in the bucket: rethinking the role of community collected data in environmental justice movements
- Multilevel analysis of small area violent crime and preterm birth in a racially diverse urban area
- Cyclopedia: sustaining a positive youth development program through community partnership
- Traffic-related air pollution and pediatric asthma in Durham County, North Carolina
- Breaking the cycle through better school siting: a collaborative project to facilitate the effective use of EPA’s guidelines with Georgia’s educational leaders