Synthesis of an excellent red phosphor and photo luminescence studies of Eu3+ activated double perovskite phosphors NaSrBi1-x Eu x WO6 (x = 0.0–0.24)
Abstract
The sodium magnesium contains double perovskite structure compound i.e. NaSrBi1-x Eu x WO6 is synthesized by using citrate – gel method. This double perovskite structure compound is prepared at different concentrations i.e. (x = 0.0–0.24) at different temperatures 500, 600, 700 °C for 5 h. Further, the prepared samples are characterized through different tools like XRD (X-ray diffractro meter), UV Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra, Photo luminescence spectra, FE SEM and CIE Software and the prepared sample shows different structures in various concentrations by using X-ray diffractrometer. Similarly, lattice parameters, peak positions are explained for all various concentrated samples at 700 °C sintered temperature for 5 h. However, the samples which are sintered at 700 °C for 5 h are excited at different wavelengths i.e. 395, 465, 540 nm, the corresponding emission intensities are also recorded. All the concentrated samples exhibits towards high intensity peaks at 595, 614 nm wavelengths in their emission spectra. The sample x = 0.12 shows highest red emission intensity out of all concentrations in the emission spectra. 5D0-7F1 & 5D0-7F2 are the major transitions formed in the emission spectra for every concentrated sample. In the same way the structural morphology is identified clearly by using FE SSEM. The CIE color coordinators are calculated and identified as very close to NTSC coordinators of red phosphor. Finally, the color purity is also calculated to analyze the quality of red light for the prepared red phosphor which is used in different W-LEDs applications.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Informed consent: All participants involved in this study provided written informed consent before their participation.
-
Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Use of Large Language Models, AI, and Machine Learning Tools: No generative AI, machine learning, or large language model tools were used in the research process, including data analysis, manuscript drafting, or review.
-
Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Data availability: Not applicable.
References
[1] C. Shivakumara and R. Saraf, “Eu3+-activated SrMoO4 phosphors for white LEDs applications: synthesis and structural characterization,” Opt. Mater., vol. 42, p. 178, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2015.01.006.Search in Google Scholar
[2] N. Zhang, D. J. Wang, L. Li, Y. S. Meng, X. S. Zhang, and N. Ming, “YAG:Ce phosphors for WLED via nano-pesudoboehmite sol-gel route,” J. Rare Earth., vol. 24, p. 294, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0721(06)60112-9.Search in Google Scholar
[3] R. J. Xie, Y. Q. Li, N. Hirosaki, and H. Yamamoto, Nitride Phosphors and Solid-State Lighting, Boca Raton, CRCPress, Taylor – Francis Group, 2011.Search in Google Scholar
[4] H. Yi, et al., “Site occupancy and photoluminescence properties of Eu3+-activated Ba2ZnB2O6 phosphor,” RSC Adv., vol. 4, pp. 64244–51, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra11516c.Search in Google Scholar
[5] S. Neeraj, N. Kijima, and A. K. Cheetham, “Novel red phosphors for solid state lighting; the system BixLn1−xVO4; Eu3+/Sm3+ (Ln=Y, Gd),” Solid State Commun., vol. 131, pp. 65–9, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2004.03.050.Search in Google Scholar
[6] Q. T. Zhang, L. Zhang, P. D. Han, Y. Chen, H. Yang, and L. X. Wang, “Light converting inorganic phosphors for white light emitting diodes,” Prog. Chem., vol. 23, pp. 1108–22, 2011.Search in Google Scholar
[7] Y. Zhang, J. . Xu, B. Yang, Q. Cui, and T. Tian, “Luminescence properties and energy migration mechanism of Eu3+ activated Bi4Si3O12 as a potential phosphor for white LEDs,” Mater. Res. Express, vol. 5, 2018, Art. no. 026202, https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aaab8a.Search in Google Scholar
[8]] L. Zhang, Z. Lu, P. Han, L. Wang, and Q. Zhang, “Synthesis and photoluminescence of Eu3+-activated double perovskite NaGdMg(W, Mo)O6 – a potential red phosphor for solid state lighting,” J. Mater. Chem. C, vol. 1, pp. 54–7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1039/c2tc00189f.Search in Google Scholar
[9] P. F. S. Pereira, et al., “Study of the annealing temperature effect on the structural and luminescent properties of SrWO4:Eu phosphors prepared by a non-hydrolytic sol–gel process,” J. Alloys Comp., vol. 526, pp. 11–21, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.02.083.Search in Google Scholar
[10] D. F. Peng, H. Q Sun, X. S. Wang, J. C. Zhang, M. M. Tang, and X Yao, “Blue excited photoluminescence of Pr doped CaBi2Ta2O9 based ferroelectrics,” J. Alloys Comp., vol. 511, pp. 159–62, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.09.019.Search in Google Scholar
[11] M. M. Haque, M. A. Asraf, M. F. Hossen, M. S. Hossan, D. K. Kim, and H. I. Lee, “Comparative study on luminescent properties of LiLa2BO5:Eu3+ phosphors synthesized with different methods,” J. Alloys Comp., vol. 539, pp. 195–9, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.05.058.Search in Google Scholar
[12] Z. X. Chen, Y. Chen, and Y. S. Jiang, “Comparative study of ABO3 perovskite compounds. 1. ATiO3 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba, and Pb) perovskites,” J. Phys. Chem. B, vol. 106, p. 9986, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp013301j.Search in Google Scholar
[13] A. Dias, M. M. Lage, L. A. Khalam, M. T. Sebastian, and R. L. Moreira, “Vibrational spectroscopy of Ca2LnTaO6 (ln = lanthanides, Y, and in) and Ca2InNbO6 double perovskites,” Chem. Mater., vol. 23, p. 14, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1021/cm1027964.Search in Google Scholar
[14] D. Li, J. Zheng, and Z. Zou, “Band structure and photocatalytic properties of perovskite-type compound Ca2NiWO6 for water splitting,” J. Phys. Chem. Solids, vol. 67, p. 801, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2005.10.182.Search in Google Scholar
[15] W. H. Eng, P. W. Barnes, B. M. Auer, and P. M. Woodward, “Investigations of the electronic structure of d0 transition metal oxides belonging to the perovskite family,” J. Solid State Chem., vol. 175, p. 94, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4596(03)00289-5.Search in Google Scholar
[16] M. Sadakane, T. Horiuchi, K. Kato Sasaki, and W. Ueda, “Preparation of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous perovskite-type lanthanum–iron-oxide LaFeO3 with tunable pore diameters: high porosity and photonic property,” J. Solid State Chem., vol. 183, p. 1365, 2010.Search in Google Scholar
[17] S. M. Rao, et al., “Crystal growth of a new superconducting double perovskite A2YRu1−xCuxO6 (A=Ba, Sr),” J. Crystal Growth, vol. 235, p. 271, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0248(01)01793-6.Search in Google Scholar
[18] V. Pankratova, L. Grigorjevaa, D. Millersa, S. Chernova, and A. S. Voloshinovskii, “Luminescence center excited state absorption in tungstates,” J. Lumin., vol. 427, pp. 94–95, 2001.Search in Google Scholar
[19] A. A. Blistanov, B. I. ZadneprovskïI, M. A. Ivanov, V. V. Kochurikhin, V. S. Petrakov, and I. O. Yakimova, “Luminescence of crystals of divalent tungstates,” Crystallogr. Rep., vol. 50, p. 284, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1887903.Search in Google Scholar
[20] C. Kodaira, H. Brito, O. Malta, and O. Serra, “Luminescence and energy transfer of the europium (III) tungstate obtained via the Pechini method,” J. Lumin., vol. 101, pp. 11–21, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2313(02)00384-8.Search in Google Scholar
[21] M. Nazarov, et al., “Luminescence properties of europium–terbium double activated calcium tungstate phosphor,” Solid State Commun., vol. 131, pp. 307–11, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2004.05.025.Search in Google Scholar
[22] V. Mikhailik, H. Kraus, D. Wahl, M. Itoh, M. Koike, and I. Bailiff, “One- and two photon excited luminescence and band-gap assignment in CaWO4,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 69, 2004, Art. no. 205110, https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.69.205110.Search in Google Scholar
[23] J. Th, W. De Hair, and G. Blasse, “The luminescence properties of the octahedral uranate group in oxides with perovskite structure,” J. Solid State Chem., vol. 19, p. 263, 1976, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(76)90176-6.Search in Google Scholar
[24] V. B. Pawade, N. S. Dhoble, and S. J. Dhoble, “Synthesis and characterization of trivalent RE (RE = Eu3+, Dy3+, Ce3+) doped new Ca3Al2Si3O12 materials for NUV-wLEDs,” Mater. Res. Express, vol. 2, 2015, Art. no. 095501, https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/2/9/095501.Search in Google Scholar
[25] C. C. Lin, Z. R. Xiao, G. Y. Guo, T. S. Chan, and R. S. Liu, “Versatile phosphate phosphors ABPO4 in white light-emitting diodes: collocated characteristic analysis and theoretical calculations,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 132, pp. 3020–8, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9092456.Search in Google Scholar
[26] G. Bhler and C. Feldmann, “Microwave-assisted synthesis of luminescent LaPO4:Ce,Tb nanocrystals in ionic liquids,” Angewand te Chemie International Edition, vol. 45, pp. 4864–7, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200600244.Search in Google Scholar
[27] L. Zhang, Z. Lu, P. Han, L. Wang, and Q. Zhang, “Synthesis and photoluminescence of Eu3+-activated double perovskite NaGdMg(W, Mo)O6 – a potential red phosphor for solid state lightingJ,” Mater. Chem.C, vol. 1, p. 54, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1039/c2tc00189f.Search in Google Scholar
[28] Y. Liang, et al., “The design and synthesis of new double perovskite (Na,Li)YMg(W,Mo)O6:Eu3+ red phosphors for white light-emitting diodes,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 716C, pp. 56–64, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.05.027.Search in Google Scholar
[29] H. T. Sun, J. J. Zhou, and J. R. Qiu, “Recent advances in bismuth activated photonic materials,” Prog. Mater. Sci., vol. 64, p. 1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2014.02.002.Search in Google Scholar
[30] L. M. Chen, Y. M. Long, Y. M. Qin, and W. F. Li, “Co-precipitation preparation, characterization and optical properties of blue CaSb2O6: Bi3+ nano-phosphor,” Mater. Lett., vols. 102/103, p. 59, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.03.109.Search in Google Scholar
[31] S. C. Lal, V. Lalan, and S. Ganesanpotti, “Structural characterization of B-site ordered Ba2Ln2/3TeO6 (Ln= La, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu) double perovskites and probing its luminescence as Eu3+ phosphor hosts,” Inorg. Chem., vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 6226–6236, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03049.Search in Google Scholar
[32] C. R. Reddy, C. V. Krishna, U. S. Udayachandran Thampy, Y. P. Reddy, P. S. Rao, and R. V. S. S. N. Ravi kumar, “Spectral investigations of Cu2+ doped beta-barium borate nanopowder by the co-precipitation method,” Phys. Scr., vol. 84, 2011, Art. no. 025602, https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/84/02/025602.Search in Google Scholar
[33] S. ye, C. hai-Wang, and X. Ping- Jing, “Photo luminescence and Raman spectra of double perovskite of Sr2Ca(Mo/W)O6 with A- and B-site substitution of Eu+3,” J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 155, no. 6, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2898897.Search in Google Scholar
[34] Z. Xia, J. Sun, H. Du, D. Chen, J. Sun, “Luminescence properties of double-perovskite Sr2Ca122xEuxNaxMoO6 red-emitting phosphors prepared by the citric acid-assisted sol–gel method,” J. Mater. Sci., vol. 45, pp. 1553–1559, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-4123-2.Search in Google Scholar
[35] D. Liang, et al., “Solid-state reaction synthesis for mixed-phase Eu3+-doped bismuth molybdate and its luminescence properties,” Modern Physics Letters B, vol. 31, no. 26, 2017, Art. no. 1750241, https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217984917502414.Search in Google Scholar
[36] Y. Liu, W. Luo, R. Li, G. Liu, and X. Chen, “AntonioMR and ChenX, optical spectroscopy of Eu3+ doped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C, vol. 112, pp. 686–694, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp077001z.Search in Google Scholar
[37] A. K. Parchur and R. S. Ningthoujam, “Behaviour of electric and magnetic dipole transitions of Eu3+, 5D0 → 7F0 and Eu–O charge transfer band in Li+ co-doped YPO4:Eu3+,” RSC Adv., vol. 2, pp. 10859–10868, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ra22144f.Search in Google Scholar
[38] J. Zhang, Y. Liu, L. Li, N. Zhang, L. Zou, and S. Gan, “Hydrothermal synthesis, characterization, and color-tunable luminescence properties of Bi2MoO6:Eu3+ phosphors,” RSC Adv, vol. 5, pp. 29346–29352, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03913d.Search in Google Scholar
[39] L. Zhanga, T. Xua, X. Zhaob, and Y. Zhua, “Controllable synthesis of Bi2MoO6 and effect of morphology and variation in local structure on photocatalytic activities,” Appl. Cataly B Environ., vol. 98, pp. 138–146, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.05.022.Search in Google Scholar
[40] J. Zhang, B. Han, P. Li, J. Li, and Y. Bian, “Characterization and photoluminescence properties of sol-gel derived Bi2MoO6:Eu3+ phosphor,” Opt. Spectrosc., vol. 118, pp. 735–738, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x15050082.Search in Google Scholar
[41] S. Ye, C. H. Wang, Z. S. Liu, J. Lu, and X. P. Jing, “Photoluminescence and energy transfer of phosphor series Ba2-zSrzCaMo1-yWyO6:Eu,Li for white light UVLED applications,” Appl. Phys. B, vol. 91, pp. 551–7, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-008-3028-0.Search in Google Scholar
[42] R. Yu, et al., “Photoluminescence characteristics of Sm3+-doped Ba2CaWO6 as new orange–red emitting phosphors,” J. Lumin., vol. 152, pp. 133–7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2014.01.074.Search in Google Scholar
[43] L. F. Güleryüz and M. İlhan, “Structural, morphological, spectral properties and high quantum efficiency of Eu3+, B3+ co-activated double perovskite Ba2GdMO6 (M= Nb, Ta) phosphors,” Mat. Sci. Eng. B, vol. 304, 2024, Art. no. 117373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2024.117373.Search in Google Scholar
[44] F. W. Mo, P. C. Chen, A. X. Guan, X. G. Zhang, C. Y. Xu, and L. Y. Zhou, “Synthesis and luminescence enhancement of Li3Ba2Gd2.95−yEu0.05My(MoO4)8 (M=Bi3+, Sm3+) phosphors based on energy transfer,” Ceram. Int., vol. 41, pp. 707–713, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.08.126.Search in Google Scholar
[45] X. Lu, Y. Gao, J. Chen, M. Tan, and J. Qiu, “Long-wavelength near-infrared divalent nickel-activated double-perovskite Ba2MgWO6 phosphor as imaging for human fingers,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 15, no. 33, pp. 39472–39479, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c04335.Search in Google Scholar
[46] G. F. Li, Y. G. Wei, Z. M. Li, and G. Xu, “Synthesis and photoluminescence of Eu3+ doped CaGd2(WO4)4 novel red phosphors for white LEDs applications,” Opt.Mater., vol. 66, pp. 253–260, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2017.02.018.Search in Google Scholar
[47] G. Blasse and B. C. Grabmaier, Luminescent Materials, Berlin, Springer, 1994.Search in Google Scholar
[48] Y. Hua, H. Li, Z. Wu, L. Li, and J. S. Yu, “Double-perovskite structure-driven thermal-stabilized Dy3+-activated yellow-emitting phosphors,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 968, 2023, Art. no. 171701, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.171701.Search in Google Scholar
[49] C. C. Wu, K. B. Chen, C. S. Lee, T. M. Chen, and B. M. Cheng, “Synthesis and VUV photoluminescence characterization of (Y,Gd)(V,P)O4:Eu3+ as a potential red-emitting PDP phosphor,” Chem. Mater., vol. 19, pp. 3278–3285, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1021/cm061042a.Search in Google Scholar
[50] T. S. Sreena, G. D. Krishna, V. Lalan, K. P. P. Najiya, and K. G. Gopchandran, “Investigations on structural and optical properties of Eu3+-activated Sr2GdNbO6 double-perovskite phosphors for solid-state lighting,” Opt. Mater., vol. 150, 2024, Art. no. 115161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2024.115161.Search in Google Scholar
[51] Y. Li and X. H. Liu, “Energy transfer and luminescence properties of Ba2CaMoO6: Eu3+ phosphors prepared by sol–gel method,” Opt. Mater., vol. 42, pp. 303–308, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2015.01.018.Search in Google Scholar
[52] J. Hou, X. Yin, Y. Fang, F. Huang, and W. Jiang, “Novel red-emitting perovskite-type phosphor CaLa1−xMgM′O6: xEu3+ (M′ = Nb, Ta) for white LED application,” Opt. Mater., vol. 34, pp. 1394–7, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2012.02.031.Search in Google Scholar
[53] J. Y. Sun, J. H. Zeng, Y. N. Sun, J. C. Zhu, and H. Y. Du, “Synthesis and luminescence properties of novel Y2Si4N6C:Sm3+ carbonitride phosphor,” Ceram. Int., vol. 39, pp. 1097–1102, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.07.032.Search in Google Scholar
[54] G. Blasse, “Energy transfer in oxidic phosphors,” Phys. Lett. A, vol. 28, pp. 444–445, 1968, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(68)90486-6.Search in Google Scholar
[55] Z. H. Wang, Y. H. Hu, S. A. Zhang, and J. Lin, “Influence of electric field on the microstructures and magnetic softness of FeNi nanoparticle films,” Appl. Phys. A, vol. 122, pp. 76 1–6, 2016.Search in Google Scholar
[56] D. L. Dexter and J. H. Schulman, “Theory of concentration quenching in inorganic phosphors,” J. Chem. Phys., vol. 22, pp. 1063–1070, 1954, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1740265.Search in Google Scholar
[57] X. Zhang, et al., “Tailoring Fe3+-activated broadband NIR phosphors: enhancing external quantum efficiency and spectrum adjustability through crystal field engineering in double perovskite antimonate structures,” Adv. Opt. Mater., vol. 12, no. 10, 2024, Art. no. 2302300, https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202302300.Search in Google Scholar
© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- PREFACE: Special issue dedicated to the International Symposium “Chemical Engineering – Environment, Sustainability and the Future” held in commemoration of Professor N.K. Bose: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Review
- Recent scenario of e-waste recycling: chemical engineering
- Articles
- CFD-based investigation of NO x removal from industrial waste gas by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) process using NH3
- Fabrication and characterization of extracted microsized chitosan embedded PVDF membrane for wastewater treatment
- Synthesis of an excellent red phosphor and photo luminescence studies of Eu3+ activated double perovskite phosphors NaSrBi1-x Eu x WO6 (x = 0.0–0.24)
- Equilibrium solubility and enthalpy of CO2 absorption in aqueous blend of N,N- dimethyldipropylenetriamine and N-methyldiethanolamine
- Short Communication
- Communication regarding articles from the symposium held in Calcutta, India from December 22-24, 2023, already published in the International Journal of Reactor Engineering, in 2024
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- PREFACE: Special issue dedicated to the International Symposium “Chemical Engineering – Environment, Sustainability and the Future” held in commemoration of Professor N.K. Bose: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Review
- Recent scenario of e-waste recycling: chemical engineering
- Articles
- CFD-based investigation of NO x removal from industrial waste gas by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) process using NH3
- Fabrication and characterization of extracted microsized chitosan embedded PVDF membrane for wastewater treatment
- Synthesis of an excellent red phosphor and photo luminescence studies of Eu3+ activated double perovskite phosphors NaSrBi1-x Eu x WO6 (x = 0.0–0.24)
- Equilibrium solubility and enthalpy of CO2 absorption in aqueous blend of N,N- dimethyldipropylenetriamine and N-methyldiethanolamine
- Short Communication
- Communication regarding articles from the symposium held in Calcutta, India from December 22-24, 2023, already published in the International Journal of Reactor Engineering, in 2024