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Thermochemical energy storage with the solid-gas reaction of SrCO3 improved with CaCO3

  • Adriana Santamaria Padilla ORCID logo , Hernando Romero-Paredes Rubio ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Rosalba Carrera Peralta and Rubén Alfredo Hernández Zamudio
Published/Copyright: November 13, 2024
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International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering
From the journal International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering Volume 22 Issue 11

Abstract

In the context of thermochemical energy storage (TCES) for concentrating solar power (CSP) applications, metal carbonates’ reversible calcination and carbonation are gaining prominence, particularly in the SrCO3/SrO system. This system is notable for its high theoretical energy density of 10.61 GJ/m³ and operational temperatures up to 1,200 °C. However, like the CaCO3/CaO system, SrO experiences a significant drop in reactivity during cycling due to sintering and agglomeration of particles. In this work is proposed that the conversion effective will be improved by mixing the strontium carbonate with calcium carbonate. The best mix found was 80/20 SrCO3/CaCO3 with the operating parameters of calcination-carbonation temperatures of 1,200 °C and 900 °C, respectively. This reaction has a notably better stable conversion rate than pure strontium carbonate. The study was carried out using thermogravimetry analysis. The mixture was subjected to 9 cycles, and for the ninth cycle, there was an effective conversion of 33.14 %, which, compared to pure SrCO3, was 2.33 %; that was improved noticeably during the carbonation process. There was an increase in the percentage effective conversion of 30.81 %. Volumetric energy density was reduced from 6.93 to 2.81 GJ/m3 in the first and after nine cycles. The XRD analysis of the unprocessed mixture after 4 and 9 cycles showed no formation of new or secondary compounds, only the expected compounds: SrO, SrCO3, CaO, and CaCO3. This important change is explained during the carbonation looping because the CaO remains encapsulated in the SrCO3 and does not react completely at 900 °C. As a hypothesis, this encapsulation delays the sintering of the SrCO3. Using a T carb = 850 °C promotes the carbonation of CaO. By promoting CaO to react, the CaO encapsulated is released rapidly, and the material was sintering faster than the T carb = 900 °C. Comparing the seventh cycle at a T carb = 900 and 850 °C, it is observed that the effective conversion decreases from 0.4431 to 0.4202 and, in the same proportion, the volumetric energy density.

Keywords: thermochemical energy storage; concentrating solar power; calcium carbonate; strontium carbonate; effective conversion; kinetics
Corresponding author: Hernando Romero Paredes Rubio, Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Leyes de Reforma 1a. Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C. P. 09310, Mexico City, Mexico, E-mail:

Funding source: Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y TecnologÃ-as

Award Identifier / Grant number: CBF2023-2024-3410

Funding source: National Council for Science and Technology Mexico

Award Identifier / Grant number: 885979

Award Identifier / Grant number: 814358

Award Identifier / Grant number: 955907

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission. Author contributions: Adriana Santamaria-Padilla: investigation, methodology, software, validation, formal analysis, writing – original draft. Hernando Romero-Paredes Rubio: investigation, conceptualization, resources, writing – review & editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition. Rosalba Carrera Peralta: investigation, methodology, writing – review & editing. Rubén Alfredo Hernández Zamudio: investigation, methodology, writing – review & editing. The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors states no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: The financial support received through CONAHCYT as part of the Call for Basic and Frontier Science 2023-2024 within Strategic Project No. CBF2023-2024-3410, entitled “Development of Advanced Methods and New Materials for Solar Thermal Energy Storage Using Reversible Solid-Gas Reaction Cycles to Enhance the Use of Solar Technology,” which enabled the development of research and support of human resource training at the graduate level. Adriana Santamaria Padilla reports financial support was provided by National Council for Science and Technology Mexico with number 814358. Rosalba Carrera Peralta reports financial support was provided by National Council for Science and Technology Mexico with number 885979. Rubén Alfredo Hernández Zamudio reports financial support was provided by National Council for Science and Technology Mexico with number 955907. The authors acknowledge the financial support received through the support scholarship by CONAHCYT with number 814358, 885979 and 955907.

  7. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Received: 2024-05-30
Accepted: 2024-10-18
Published Online: 2024-11-13

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2024-0112
Keywords for this article
thermochemical energy storage; concentrating solar power; calcium carbonate; strontium carbonate; effective conversion; kinetics

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Preface
  3. Preface of the special issue dedicated to the International Energy Conference (IEC 2023): Energy and Climate Change
  4. Review
  5. Biodegradation of atrazine, a review of its metabolic pathways
  6. Articles
  7. Effect of Ni/tire rubber carbon as catalyst in the hydrodeoxygenation of used vegetable oil: biofuel evaluation in the reduction of atmospheric emissions
  8. Thermochemical energy storage with the solid-gas reaction of SrCO3 improved with CaCO3
  9. Open-loop response of Fischer–Tropsch reactions to manipulation of temperature and pressure
  10. Design and simulation of a full-order robust adaptive observer for monitoring of the biogas process
  11. Comparison of composite metal oxides as oxygen carrier for methane chemical looping reforming
  12. Gas phase carbon dioxide photoreduction to produce value-added chemicals using graphene oxide-based catalysts
  13. Numerical simulation of a chemical looping combustion system using 2D computational fluid dynamics
  14. Hydrogen production by photocatalysis using formic acid and black sand
  15. Carbon dioxide adsorption modeling to determine breakthrough curves in a fixed bed: isotherm and temperature effects
  16. Short Communications
  17. Communication Regarding Articles from the 2023 International Engineering Conference (IEC-2023), held in Zacatecas City, Mexico, from September 18–23, 2023, already published in the International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering in 2024
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