Catalytic Steam Gasification of Glucose for Hydrogen Production Using Stable Based Ni on a γ–Alumina Fluidizable Catalyst
-
Daniel Gibran González Castañeda
Abstract
Six different Ni-based fluidizable catalysts were synthesized using both incipient impregnation and co-impregnation. Ni-based catalysts were also promoted with 2.0 wt% La or alternatively with 2 wt% Ce. The preparation procedure included catalysts treated at high temperatures and under free of oxygen conditions. Catalysts were characterized using BET, XRD, AA, PSD, TPR, TPD, H2-chemisorption. TPR and H2 chemisorption showed good metal dispersion with 10 nm- 40 nm metal crystallites.
Glucose catalytic gasification runs were performed in a CREC Riser Simulator to evaluate the following catalysts: (a) 5 %Ni/γ-Al2O3, (b) 5 %Ni-2 %La/γ-Al2O3 and (c) 5 %Ni-2 %Ce/γ-Al2O3. In all cases, the preparation steps involved acid solutions with pHs of 1 and 4. In between consecutive runs, different approaches were considered: (a) A catalyst was regenerated by air, (b) A catalyst was regenerated by air followed by hydrogen pretreatment, (c) A catalyst was reused directly without any regeneration or hydrogen pretreatment. It was observed that Ni-based catalysts, which were subjected after every run, to both, air regeneration and hydrogen pretreatment, displayed the best yields in close agreement with thermodynamic equilibrium. On the other hand, Ni-based catalysts regenerated with air only, showed the worst hydrogen yields. In between these two-hydrogen yield limits, where catalysts not contacted with air nor hydrogen, with these yields being moderately below chemical equilibrium.
This shows that Ni-based fluidizable catalysts can perform on stream for extended periods, requiring limited reactivation with air and H2. This makes of gasification using the catalysts of the present study, a viable process alternative that could be implemented at industrial scale.
Acknowledgements
This research was funded by CONACYT – Mexico-221690, Ciencia Básica – 2013. We would like to thank CONACYT-Mexico for the following scholarships awarded: (a) 586008 to DGGC, (b) 611972 to ICR, (c) 297035 to ARCH. As well. We would like to express our appreciation to PRODEP for the 175112 scholarship awarded to ASE. We also would like to acknowledge the collaboration provided by C. a Dr. Alfonso Talavera, Dr. Victor Baltazar, Dr. Gustavo Fuentes Zurita, Dr. Victor Manuel Castaño Meneses, Dr. Carlos Santolalla Vargas, C. a Dr. Juan Carlos Piña Victoria, Dr. Sergio Miguel Duron Torres and Mario Alberto Gomez Gallardo, BE. Acknowledgments also go to Ms. Florencia de Lasa, who assisted with the editing of the present article.
References
Bartholomew, C. H., and R. J. Farrauto. 1976. “Chemistry of Nickel-Alumina Catalysts.” Journal of Catalysis 45 (1): 41–53.10.1016/0021-9517(76)90054-3Search in Google Scholar
Bastos, A. K., C. Torres, A. Mazumder, and H. I. de Lasa. 2018. “CO2 Biomass Fluidized Gasification: Thermodynamics and Reactivity Studies.” The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 96 (10): 2176–84. http://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.23316.10.1002/cjce.23316Search in Google Scholar
Berteau, P., and B. Delmon. 1989. “Modified Aluminas : Relationship between Activity in 1-butanol Dehydration and Acidity Measured by NH3 TPD.” Catalysis Today 5 (2): 121–37. http://doi.org/10.1016/0920-5861(89)80020-3.10.1016/0920-5861(89)80020-3Search in Google Scholar
de Lasa, H. I. 1992. “United States Patent (19) (30) Foreign Application Priority Data.” Accessed January 2, 2019. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/e4/1d/e5/adb93d709676d6/US5102628.pdf.Search in Google Scholar
Demirbas, A. 2008. “Biofuels Sources, Biofuel Policy, Biofuel Economy and Global Biofuel Projections.” Energy Conversion and Management 49 (8): 2106–16. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.02.020.10.1016/j.enconman.2008.02.020Search in Google Scholar
Devi, L., K. J. Ptasinski, and F. J. J. G. Janssen. 2003. “A Review of the Primary Measures for Tar Elimination in Biomass Gasification Processes.” Biomass and Bioenergy 24: 125–40.10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00102-2Search in Google Scholar
Furusawa, T., and A. Tsutsumi. 2005. “Comparison of Co/MgO and Ni/MgO Catalysts for the Steam Reforming of Naphthalene as a Model Compound of Tar Derived from Biomass Gasification.” Applied Catalysis A: General 278 (2): 207–12. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2004.09.035.10.1016/j.apcata.2004.09.035Search in Google Scholar
Gao, N., A. Li, C. Quan, Y. Qu, and L. Mao. 2012. “Characteristics of Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production of Biomass Gasification with Porous Ceramic Reforming.” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 37 (12): 9610–18. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.069.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.069Search in Google Scholar
González Castañeda, D. G. 2019. Catalytic Steam Gasification of Glucose for Hydrogen Production Using Stable Based Ni on γ-alumina Fluidizable Catalyst. Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas.10.1515/ijcre-2019-0104Search in Google Scholar
Guan, G., M. Kaewpanha, X. Hao, and A. Abudula. 2016. “Catalytic Steam Reforming of Biomass Tar: Prospects and Challenges.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 58: 450–61. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.316.10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.316Search in Google Scholar
Konysheva, E. Y. 2013. “Reduction of CeO2 in Composites with Transition Metal Complex Oxides under Hydrogen Containing Atmosphere and Its Correlation with Catalytic Activity.” Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 7 (3): 249–61. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-013-1333-6.10.1007/s11705-013-1333-6Search in Google Scholar
Liu, W., M. Gu, G. Hu, C. Li, H. Liao, L. Tang, and P. Shapira. 2014. “Profile of Developments in Biomass-Based Bioenergy Research: A 20-year Perspective.” Scientometrics 99 (2): 507–21. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-013-1152-z.10.1007/s11192-013-1152-zSearch in Google Scholar
Mazumder, J., and H. I. de Lasa. 2014. “Fluidizable Ni/La2O3-γAl2O3catalyst for Steam Gasification of a Cellulosic Biomass Surrogate.” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 160–161 (1): 67–79. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.04.042.10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.04.042Search in Google Scholar
Mazumder, J., and H. I. de Lasa. 2015. “Fluidizable La2O3 Promoted Ni/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst for Steam Gasification of Biomass: Effect of Catalyst Preparation Conditions.” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 168–169 (C): 250–65. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.12.009.10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.12.009Search in Google Scholar
Middleman, S. 1998. “An Introduction to Mass and Heat Transfer: Principles of Analysis and Design.” European Journal of Engineering Education 23 (3): 397.10.1080/03043799808923516Search in Google Scholar
Moghadam, R A., Ss. Yusup, Y. Uemura, B. L. F. Chin, H. L. Lam, and A. Al. Shoaibi. 2014 () . “Syngas Production from Palm Kernel Shell and Polyethylene Waste Blend in Fluidized Bed Catalytic Steam Co-Gasification Process.” Energy 75: 40–44. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.04.062.10.1016/j.energy.2014.04.062Search in Google Scholar
Moilanen, A., M. Nasrullah, and E. Kurkela. 2009. “The Effect of Biomass Feedstock Type and Process Parameters on Achieving the Total Carbon Conversion in the Large Scale Fluidized Bed Gasification of Biomass.” Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 28 (3): 355–59. http://doi.org/10.1002/ep.10396.10.1002/ep.10396Search in Google Scholar
Nemtsov, D. A., and A. Zabaniotou. 2008. “Mathematical Modelling and Simulation Approaches of Agricultural Residues Air Gasification in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor.” Chemical Engineering Journal 143 (1): 10–31. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2008.01.023.10.1016/j.cej.2008.01.023Search in Google Scholar
Pala, L. P. R., Q. Wang, G. Kolb, and V. Hessel. 2017. “Steam Gasification of Biomass with Subsequent Syngas Adjustment Using Shift Reaction for Syngas Production: An Aspen Plus Model.” Renewable Energy 101: 484–92. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.069.10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.069Search in Google Scholar
Quddus, M. R. 2013. A Novel Mixed Metallic Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Combustion: Preparation, Characterization & Kinetic Modeling.Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. Retrieved from http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1217/.Search in Google Scholar
Salhi, N., C. Petit, and A. Kiennemann. 2008. “Steam Reforming of Methane on Nickel Aluminate Defined Structures with High Al/Ni Ratio,” Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis 174: 1335–38. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2991(08)80136-X.10.1016/S0167-2991(08)80136-XSearch in Google Scholar
Torres, C., L. Urvina, and H. I. de Lasa. 2019. “A Chemical Equilibrium Model for Biomass Gasification. Application to Costa Rican Coffee Pulp Transformation Unit.” Biomass and Bioenergy 123: 89–103. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.01.025.10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.01.025Search in Google Scholar
Vandamme, D., I. Foubert, and K. Muylaert. 2013. “Flocculation as a Low-Cost Method for Harvesting Microalgae for Bulk Biomass Production.” Trends in Biotechnology 31 (4): 233–39. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.12.005.10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.12.005Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Webb, P. A. 2003. Introduction to Chemical Adsorption Analytical Techniques and Their Applications to Catalysis. Micromeritics Instrument Corp. Technical Publications.Search in Google Scholar
Yang, W.-C. 2007. “Modification and Re-Interpretation of Geldart’s Classification of Powders.” Powder Technology 171 (2): 69–74.10.1016/j.powtec.2006.08.024Search in Google Scholar
Yassin, L., P. Lettieri, S. J. R. Simons, and A. Germanà. 2009. “Techno-Economic Performance of Energy-From-Waste Fluidized Bed Combustion and Gasification Processes in the UK Context.” Chemical Engineering Journal 146 (3): 315–27.10.1016/j.cej.2008.06.014Search in Google Scholar
© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Review
- Simulation of Particle Mixing and Separation in Multi-Component Fluidized Bed Using Eulerian-Eulerian Method: A Review
- Articles
- Acidic Functionalized Nanobohemite: An Active Catalyst for Methyl Ester Production
- Investigation on the Flow Field and Mixing Efficiency of a Stirred Tank Equipped with Improved Intermig Impellers
- Modeling and Testing of a Milli-Structured Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Methanation
- Catalytic Steam Gasification of Glucose for Hydrogen Production Using Stable Based Ni on a γ–Alumina Fluidizable Catalyst
- PIV Measurement and CFD Simulation of Liquid-Liquid Mixing in Mixer Settler with Rigid-Flexible Impeller
- Catalytic Synthesis of Monoglycerides by Glycerolysis of Triglycerides
- Exergy and Energy Analysis of Coal Gasification in Supercritical Water with External Recycle System
- CFD Study on the Flow Field and Power Characteristics in a Rushton Turbine Stirred Tank in Laminar Regime
- Numerical Simulation of Flow Distribution in the Reactor Used for CFRPs Degradation under Supercritical Condition
- Short Communication
- Rebuttal To: “On the Understanding of the Adsorption of 2-Phenylethanol on Polyurethane-Keratin Based Membranes” by Cordero-Soto et al. (Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. 2017, 15 (5), Article Number: 20170103)
Articles in the same Issue
- Review
- Simulation of Particle Mixing and Separation in Multi-Component Fluidized Bed Using Eulerian-Eulerian Method: A Review
- Articles
- Acidic Functionalized Nanobohemite: An Active Catalyst for Methyl Ester Production
- Investigation on the Flow Field and Mixing Efficiency of a Stirred Tank Equipped with Improved Intermig Impellers
- Modeling and Testing of a Milli-Structured Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Methanation
- Catalytic Steam Gasification of Glucose for Hydrogen Production Using Stable Based Ni on a γ–Alumina Fluidizable Catalyst
- PIV Measurement and CFD Simulation of Liquid-Liquid Mixing in Mixer Settler with Rigid-Flexible Impeller
- Catalytic Synthesis of Monoglycerides by Glycerolysis of Triglycerides
- Exergy and Energy Analysis of Coal Gasification in Supercritical Water with External Recycle System
- CFD Study on the Flow Field and Power Characteristics in a Rushton Turbine Stirred Tank in Laminar Regime
- Numerical Simulation of Flow Distribution in the Reactor Used for CFRPs Degradation under Supercritical Condition
- Short Communication
- Rebuttal To: “On the Understanding of the Adsorption of 2-Phenylethanol on Polyurethane-Keratin Based Membranes” by Cordero-Soto et al. (Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. 2017, 15 (5), Article Number: 20170103)
